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Resume Introduction. – La lymphadenite histiocytaire necrosante ou maladie de Kikuchi-Fujimoto est une entite anatomoclinique rare, d'etiologie inconnue dont le diagnostic est evoque chez un adulte jeune, frequemment de sexe feminin, presentant des adenopathies le plus souvent cervicales, une fievre et une asthenie. La confirmation est apportee par l'etude histologique ganglionnaire. L'evolution est spontanement favorable, mais certains cas peuvent reveler ou evoluer vers un lupus cutane ou systemique. Exegese. – Nous rapportons trois nouvelles observations de maladie de Kikuchi : un cas simulant un lupus systemique, un second avec une eruption cutanee de type lupique, et un cas severe avec syndrome d'activation macrophagique dans le cadre d'une primo-infection EBV revelant un lupus erythemateux systemique. Conclusion. – La recherche d'une maladie lupique, imposant un suivi clinicobiologique de ces patients, est donc necessaire et nous discutons les possibles liens physiopathologiques unissant ces deux entites.

Objectif Presenter un outil permettant d’evaluer precocement la reponse au traitement des maladies de Takayasu en TEP au 18-FDG, qui utilise le SUV moyenne a partir des N voxels les plus chauds (SUVmax-N), quelle que soit la situation anatomique de ces voxels sur les parois arterielles hypermetaboliques. Methode Illustree chez un patient, il s’agit de comparer les SUVmax-N des examens realises avant traitement versus apres 1 mois de traitement corticoide (0–1) et apres 1 mois versus apres 3 mois de traitement cortocoide (1–3), en utilisant les pourcentages de repetabilite des SUVmax-N donnes pour 95 % et 99,9 % de confiance. Resultats Il n’est pas observe de difference significative avec le SUVmax, c’est-a-dire relatif au voxel le plus chaud, pour les deux paires d’examens compares 0–1 et 1–3, avec 95 % de confiance. Par comparaison, une difference significative avec 99,9 % de confiance est observee pour les deux paires d’examens compares 0–1 et 1–3, lorsqu’un SUVmax-N moyennant les n = 4100 et 515 voxels les plus chauds est utilise (volume hypermetabolique total de 100,0 et 12,6 mL, respectivement). Conclusion La methode proposee s’avere fiable pour evaluer precocement la reponse au traitement dans la maladie de Takayasu. Son principe pourrait etre applique a d’autres situations cliniques d’evaluation therapeutique.

• - Neurologic control of lung vascular tone ◦ • Cholinergic system: - - mediators - - muscarinic receptors - - mechanisms of action ◦ • Non-adrenergic non-cholinergic system: - - definition - - mediators ◦ • Reflex mechanisms ◦ • Interactions between endothelium and neural mechanisms • - Humoral control of lung vascular tone ◦ • Atrial natriuretic peptide ◦ • Vasopressin ◦ • Angiotensin-II ◦ • Kinins ◦ • Histamine ◦ • Serotonin ◦ • Free radicals: - - hydrogen peroxide - - superoxide anion - - peroxinitrite

Problems related to the study of pulmonary vasomotility - Constriction/dilation of the vascular smooth muscle: ionic mechanisms · Calcium movements: - through sarcoplasmic reticulum - through cytoplasmic membrane · Potassium channels · C-protein kinases · G-proteins · Cyclic nucleotids - The endothelium · Paracrine role of the endothelial cell: - nitric oxide - endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor - eicosanoids - endothelins · Endothelial metabolism of vasoactive peptides: - angiotensin-converting enzyme - neutral endopeptidase - endothelin-converting enzyme.

This study examines the effect of moderate intake of red wine, tannic acid, or ethanol during a meal in type 2 diabetic patients and the influence of tannic acid on the digestibility of starch by alpha-amylase. Thirty non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients aged 53 +/- 6 years were studied (in vivo study) 10 of whom received red wine (200 mL), 10 tannic acid (150 mg), and 10 ethanol (16 g) with their midday meal (600 calories, 65 g carbohydrate, 20 g lipid, and 34 g protein). All patients were tested on two occasions (water or placebo v wine, alcohol, or tannic acid). The influence of tannic acid (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg) on the digestibility of starch (100 mg) by alpha-amylase (100 U) was tested in vitro by sequential incubation at 37 degrees C (in vitro study). The maximum glucose excursion after lunch was 2.6 +/- 0.8 mmol/L at 90 minutes (T90) for water and 1.8 +/- 0.9 mmol/L at T90 for red wine taken with the meal. The values at T60 and T90 were significant (P < .01). Comparable results were obtained with tannic acid alone (nonalcoholic component of wine): the maximum glucose excursion after lunch was 2.76 +/- 0.9 mmol/L at T120 for placebo and 1.97 +/- 0.9 mmol/L at T90 for tannic acid (P < .01); no difference in glucose and insulin excursion was observed between water and ethanol. No interaction between tannic acid and starch was observed in the in vitro experiments, although after preincubation of alpha-amylase with tannic acid, digestion was slowed in a dose-dependent manner (6.1 +/- 1.1 minutes for 0.25 mg tannic acid and 13.1 +/- 1.59 minutes for 1 mg tannic acid). Drinking red wine with a meal did not increase blood glucose in NIDDM patients, and led to a slight decrease in some instances. The effect appeared to be mediated by the nonalcoholic compounds in wine such as tannic acid. Ethanol itself had no effect on plasma glucose or insulin levels.

Giant cell arteritis, a large-sized vessel vasculitis, may be associated with musculoskeletal proximal (polymyalgia rheumatica) or distal manifestations. A 68-year-old woman, who had inflammatory pelvic girdle pain, was diagnosed with giant cell arteritis and was successfully treated with corticosteroids. The magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography revealed a bilateral bursitis and pelvic girdle enthesopathy. Bursitis is the main anatomic lesion occurring in polymyalgia rheumatica and can be underlined by ultrasonography.