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© 2018 The Authors This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the associations between active travel to school and the neighbourhood built environment in children and youth by systematically identifying and collating data from New Zealand studies. Data from five studies involving 2844 children and youth aged 6–19 years were included in the meta-analysis. Data on participant demographics and school characteristics were obtained from each study, and built environment features within 400 m and 1 km buffers around home were calculated in a consistent manner using geographic information systems. A one-step individual participant data meta-analysis was performed in SAS. Using stepwise logistic regression, age, school socioeconomic status, distance to school, dwelling density and intersection density (400 m and 1 km buffers) were taken forward from bivariate analyses into a multiple variable model. Active travel to school was positively associated with intersection density (p < 0.001) (1 km buffer) and negatively associated with school socioeconomic status (p = 0.001), dwelling density (p = 0.004) (1 km buffer), and distance to school (p < 0.001), including age, sex, ethnicity and number of siblings as fixed effects in the final model. The findings of this meta-analysis can be used to guide and support the development of policies on school location and catchment, and pedestrian and cycling infrastructure for children and youth to actively and safely travel to school.

This review examines the current literature on Pacific youth offending in New Zealand. Pacific Island youth offenders are over-represented in the rates of violent offenses, despite not being overly represented in youth offending statistics. A major concern is that the Pacific population has the largest percentage of children and young people under 15 years old in New Zealand. Therefore, this is an issue to be faced by Pacific and wider communities in New Zealand. We focus on risk factors of offending, and its current impacts on Pacific Island youth in New Zealand. A literature review was conducted to explore some of the risk factors for offending looking at New Zealand studies and government reports. This was followed by a review of overseas literature regarding Pacific youths and their offending behavior. Following this, ethnic minorities were included in the literature review from New Zealand and international perspectives. Expectedly, results in this area are sparse. However, a number of efforts have been made to address this gap in the literature which this review included. The findings in this review make future recommendations for Pacific youth with offending behavior. These include that ethnicity should be taken into account when addressing research on youth offenders; data relating to the youth offender such as social and demographic history should also be considered for a more collaborative approach to researching and understanding this population; and more targeted studies towards this population are needed to improve the overall health of the Pacific Island population in New Zealand and overseas. Finally, existing programs and interventions currently in place for our Pacific youths with offending behavior needs to be evaluated to ensure it continues to meet the dynamic needs of our Pacific youth population.

Biosolids management has been largely overlooked as an issue for environmental co-management, collaborative learning and public participation. This paper summarises four research projects on facilitating community involvement in biosolids management in New Zealand. The authors situate these studies both in relation to the New Zealand institutional and policy context for the management of biosolids and in relation to the themes of public participation and social learning in the literature on community involvement in environmental management. From the studies it can be concluded that: the incorporation of the knowledge and views of Māori is important from both public-participation and social-learning perspectives; both public-participation and social-learning approaches must consider the role of issue-definition in relation to willingness to participate; democratic accountability remains a challenge for both approaches; and locating biosolids management within an integrated water-and-wastewater or sustainable waste-management strategy may facilitate wider community participation as well as better-coordinated decision-making.

Summary We survey Indigenous health issues across the Pacific with a case study approach that focuses on Australia, New Zealand, Hawai‘i, and US Associated Micronesia. For each case study, we provide an overview of the Indigenous population, its colonial history, and current health and social outcomes. In the discussion that follows, we flag some of the key policy initiatives that have been developed to address Indigenous health disadvantage, albeit within the context of continuing debates about Indigenous rights and policy.

The second annual Maori Tourism Conference and Trade Show (Te Putanga Mai) was held in Auckland, New Zealand from 8–9 April, 1997. The conference was hosted by the Aotearoa Maori Tourism Federation, with major sponsors including Air New Zealand, Ernst and Young, TPL Media and the Community Employment Group. Other co-sponsors were Te Papa Tongarewa (Museum of New Zealand), Te Puni Kokiri (Ministry of Maori Development) and the Poutama Trust.

The New Zealand Historical Atlaswill be published late in 1997. The project is dscribed and placed briefly in the broader contexts of other historical atlases, of recent New Zealand historiography and of critical perspectives on cartography.

A magnificent set of fungal stamps was issued in New Zealand as a miniature sheet (Fig 1) and as individual stamps on 6th March 2002. They illustrate, with six colourful examples, some of the diversity of the basidiomycetes. These are the first stamps about fungi to be issued in New Zealand, although a set of health stamps issued in 1977 showed drawings of children studying a bird, a frog and a butterfly with a few fruit bodies of fly agarics in the foreground. In 1988, the 40c value of a set of stamps depicting native birds shows a brown kiwi apparently looking at some small fungal fruitbodies. These stamps are illustrated and described in McKenzie (1997). Details of the species depicted in this recent set are given below.

Historically, waste treatment and disposal in New Zealand have followed principles developed in Western countries by first protecting human health and then protecting water quality and aquatic organisms. Recently, the Government of New Zealand recognized in an important decision that disposal and treatment of wastes should also protect cultural values. Major industrial developments in New Zealand sited in coastal areas have been subject to a process of environmental impact assessment as well as statutory planning procedures. The procedures have not only identified a lack of knowledge of marine ecological processes but have identified a new aspect of pollution, impairment of cultural or spiritual values. The Maori people of New Zealand have made it clear that waste discharges which pollute traditional Maori fishing grounds are unacceptable. For many years, Maori concerns over impacts of wastewater effluents have been expressed at tribunal hearings for water right applications or planning consents. Gunn (1983) comments that in many areas of the country a great credibility gap exists between Maori aspirations and the engineering, legal, and political processes. However, he considers that there is now an onus on the professional engineer to incorporate the Maori perspective into considerations of outfall sites and effluent treatment proposals.

alternative tar voters dissatisfied with the Liberal government. Indeed. with a strong and dedicated caucus. there is some truth to the NDP’s claim that it will provide the ‘real opposition’ to the PCs in Parliament. However. with serious regional weaknesses and the inhospitabilitv of the North American environment to social&m. it remains unlikely that the NDP will become a serious contender for national political power. Nevertheless. despite Mulroney‘s conciliatory and moderate appeal. the PCs face a difficult task in establishing themselves as the dominant governing party. Mulroney’s right wing supporters who acquiesced in the move to the centre in the hope of gaining office may be difficult to control. The regional demands of provincial governments, particularly those that strongly supported the PC campaign. may be difficult to reconcile. Finally. with the election only providing a vague mandate for change, Mulroney may find it difficult to hold together his broad electoral coalition if the new government proceeds with its plans to ‘postpone’ the