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Normal ECG standards in newborns, infants, children and adolescents have been collected and published by many authors. Only those by Davignon et al., Rijinbeek et al. and our two studies covered all ages from birth to adolescence. The standards reflecting the growth and development of the heart in infants, children and adolescents remained to be studied and explored.We selected from our ECG database, after discussions and consultation, 15 key ECG parameters and analyzed for their age- and sex-specific mean, standard deviation and 2nd to 98th percentiles and their percentile charts were constructed.The ranges and distributions of the normal ECG standards, means and 2nd to 98th percentiles of 15 key parameters were established.A complete set of normal ECG standards of 15 key parameters from birth to adolescents is available for clinicians and researchers.

In this paper, combining phenylboronic affinity, surface imprinting, and magnetic Fe

Glycoproteins play vital roles in living organisms and often serve as biomarkers for some disease. However, due to the low content of glycoprotein in biological fluids, selective detection of glycoproteins is still a challenging issue that needs to be addressed. In this study, molecularly imprinted colloidal array with multi-boronic acid sites for glycoprotein detection under physiological pH was proposed. Monodispersed glycoprotein imprinted particles (SiO2@PEI/MIPs) was first prepared based on surface imprinting strategy using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as template, and polyethyleneimine (PEI) was used to increase the number of boronic acid groups. The binding experiment indicated that the SiO2@PEI/MIPs hold satisfactory adsorption capacity (1.41 μmol/g), rapid adsorption rate (40 min) and preferable selectivity toward HRP. Then the SiO2@PEI/MIPs was assembled into close-packed colloidal array to construct a label free optical sensor (denoted as GICA). Benefiting from the high ordered photonic crystal structure, binding of HRP onto the GICA could be directly readout from the changes in structure color and diffracted wavelength. The structure color of the GICA changed from bright blue to yellow with the diffraction wavelength red shifted 59 nm when the HRP concentration increased from 2.5 to 15 μmol/L. Importantly, the GICA was capable of detecting HRP from human serum samples. All those results indicated the potential of the GICA for naked-eye detection of glycoprotein.

Imatinib is a crucial therapeutic strategy against chronic myeloid leukemia. Though superficial edema is a common adverse effect of imatinib, massive fluid retention is rarely reported. Here, we report the case of an adolescent who had tolerated imatinib for a long time, and then presented with massive pleural/pericardial effusion during an episode of Campylobacter jejuni bacteremia. A stepwise and comprehensive survey excluded all other plausible causes of disease. The Naranjo scale was used to assess the probability of an adverse effect of medication, and the score turned out to be 9, indicating severe fluid retention to be a definite reaction to imatinib. Drug discontinuation, antibiotic administration, and invasive procedures improved this condition. After this episode, the patient could tolerate imatinib again, illustrating the transient and reversible nature of this reaction. Since prolonged imatinib usage is crucial for chronic myeloid leukemia control, alertness to drug-related adverse effects is recommended, even if the subject has previously shown a good tolerance to the drug due to various physical conditions, especially physiological stressors, like infection or inflammation.

A series of W doped Pr0.5Ba0.5(Co0.7Fe0.3)O3-δ (PBCF) are prepared and characterized as cathodes for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cell (H–SOFC). The enhancement of proton migration and formation ability through W doping significantly increases the cell performance and it is further verified by the density functional theory (DFT) simulation, presenting the high valence element doping can be a potential approach for the design of cathode.

Advanced carbon-based electrode materials derived from wastes are essential to high-performance supercapacitors due to their abundance and sustainability. In this work, we fabricate novel cathodes and anodes based on discarded surgical mask-derived carbon (DSM-C). Discarded surgical masks are good candidates for carbon-based electrode materials due to their unique fibrous structure and simple composition compared to conventional biomass sources. Benefiting from the excellent electrical conductivity of DSM-C and abundant redox reactions from nickel oxide (NiO), the electrochemical performances of NiO/DSM-C composites have been greatly improved. Specifically, the DSM-C and NiO/DSM-C electrodes show high specific capacitances of 240 F g−1 and 496 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 respectively, and excellent rate capability. Moreover, asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) are assembled using DSM-C and NiO/DSM-C as anodes and cathodes, respectively. They deliver a high energy density of 57 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 702 W kg−1, accompanied by superior cycling stability (98.5% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles). This work shows prospective applications of DSM-C as an electrode material for energy storage systems.

Glycoproteins play crucial roles in many biological events such as protein folding, information transmission, nerve conduction, and molecular recognition. Some glycoproteins serve as disease biomarkers in clinical settings. However, selective detection of glycoprotein often faces great challenges, owing to its low abundance in complex biological samples. In this case, develop a highly sensitive and selective approach for glycoprotein detection is urgently needed. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have proved to be an ideal absorbent material in detection and separation science. Herein, a novel biomass activated carbon–derived imprinted polymer (BAC@PEI/PBA/MIPs) was fabricated for selective recognition of glycoprotein. The as-prepared BAC@PEI/PBA/MIPs was synthesized using waste tea derived carbon as matrix, albumin chicken egg (OVA) as template, and dopamine as functional monomer. Branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) was covalently bonded on the BAC surface to increase the number of boronic acid moieties. Benefiting from the self-polymerization of dopamine and multi-boronic acid sites, a great number of recognition sites were presented under mild conditions. The static adsorption experiment showed that the BAC@PEI/PBA/MIPs exhibited a high binding capacity of 196.2 mg/g, rapid adsorption dynamics of 40 min, excellent selectivity and satisfactory reusability for OVA. Furthermore, the practicability of BAC@PEI/PBA/MIPs was verified by isolation of OVA from egg white. The good binding performance and facile preparation process make BAC@PEI/PBA/MIPs attractive for glycoprotein recognition, indicating its potential applications in biomedical research and clinical diagnostics.

Orofacial ectopic pain can often arise following nerve injury. However, the exact mechanism responsible for orofacial ectopic pain induced by trigeminal nerve injury remains unknown. The α2δ-1 and glutamate N-methyl- d -aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) interactions have been demonstrated to participate in neuropathic pain regulation in the spinal cord. In this study, a rat model of inferior alveolar nerve transection (IANX) was used to investigate the role of α2δ-1-NMDAR1 interaction in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) in regard to the regulation of orofacial ectopic pain. Western blot (WB) analysis indicated that α2δ-1 and NMDAR1 in the TG were substantially higher in IANX rats than they were in sham/naive rats. Additionally, immunofluorescence (IF) results revealed that α2δ-1 and NMDAR1 were co-expressed and distributed within neurons and activated satellite glial cells in the TG. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) results indicated that α2δ-1-NMDAR1 complex levels in the TG were higher in IANX rats than they were in sham rats. Furthermore, the results of behavioral tests demonstrated that intra-TG injection of gabapentin (α2δ-1 inhibitory ligand) or memantine hydrochloride (NMDAR antagonist) reversed the decrease in mechanical head-withdrawal threshold (HWT) in IANX rats. Moreover, inhibition of α2δ-1 by intra-TG administration of gabapentin suppressed the upregulation of the NMDAR1 protein, and the inhibition of NMDAR by intra-TG administration of memantine hydrochloride inhibited the increased expression of α2δ-1 protein induced by IANX. In conclusion, the physical and functional interaction between α2δ-1 and NMDAR1 is critical for the development of orofacial ectopic pain, indicating that α2δ-1, NMDAR1, and the α2δ-1–NMDAR1 complex may represent potential targets for the treatment of orofacial ectopic pain.

Pseudocapacitances combining ample redox reactions and relative rapid ion and charge transport have been extensively investigated in energy storage applications. Herein, we employ a simple two-step method to synthesize MnCo2O4 hollow spheres (MnCo2O4 HSs), and directly grow MnCo2O4 HSs on nickel foam (NF) to prepare MnCo2O4 HSs/NF. The three-dimensional (3D) macroporous structure of NF offers a perfect platform for the uniform growth of MnCo2O4 HSs and constructs interconnected charge transfer highways. The hollow structure of MnCo2O4 exposes abundant redox active sites for energy storage, increasing the utilization rate of electroactive materials. Benefiting from the 3D macroporous structure of NF and the hollow structure of MnCo2O4 HSs, the ion and charge transport is greatly improved. The resultant MnCo2O4 HSs/NF electrode shows a high specific capacitance of 648.4 F g−1 at 2 mV s−1 in sodium sulfate electrolyte. Furthermore, the MnCo2O4 HSs/NF//MnCo2O4 HSs/NF symmetrical supercapacitors are fabricated, which deliver a high energy density of 37.1 Wh kg−1 at 250.1 W kg−1 along with outstanding cycling stability.

The retinal neurovascular unit (NVU) is paramount to maintaining the homeostasis of the retina and determines the progression of various diseases, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Although some studies have investigated these diseases, a combined analysis of disease-wide etiology in the NUV at the single-cell level is lacking. Herein, we constructed an atlas of the NVU under inflammatory and hypoxic conditions by integrating single-cell transcriptome data from retinas from wild-type, AireKO, and NdpKO mice. Based on the heterogeneity of the NVU structure and transcriptome diversity under normal and pathological conditions, we discovered two subpopulations of Müller cells: Aqp4hi and Aqp4lo cells. Specifically, Aqp4lo cells expresses phototransduction genes and represent a special type of Müller cell distinct from Aqp4hi cells, classical Müller cells. AireKO mice exhibit experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) with severe damage to the NVU structure, mainly degeneration of Aqp4hi cells. NdpKO mice exhibited familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR), with damage to the endothelial barrier, endothelial cell tight junction destruction and basement membrane thickening, accompanied by the reactive secretion of proangiogenic factors by Aqp4hi cells. In both EAU and FEVR, Aqp4hi cells are a key factor leading to NVU damage, and the mechanism by which they are generated is regulated by different transcription factors. By studying the pattern of immune cell infiltration in AireKO mice, we constructed a regulatory loop of "inflammatory cells/NVU - monocytes - APCs - Ifng+ T cells", providing a new target for blocking the inflammatory cascade. Our elucidation of the cell-specific molecular changes, cell‒cell interactions and transcriptional mechanisms of the retinal NVU provides new insights to support the development of multipurpose drugs to block or even reverse NVU damage.

The eutrophication problem now threatens many lakes and reservoirs. To avoid the occurrence of algal blooms, some cities try to increase the flow rate or directly choose lakes or reservoirs with a short water residence time (WRT) as drinking water sources. However, up to now, whether such a strategy can achieve its goal is still unclear. In this study, a newly restored lake with a WRT of approximately 3 days was chosen to investigate algal growth potential as well as its responses to external nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs. The results suggested that although the water quality of the lake could generally meet the environmental quality standards for surface water, dissolved inorganic nitrogen reached a high level with an average value of 1.58 mg/L. Meanwhile, a considerable increase in Chl-a concentration was observed across the flow direction. Especially, in July, Chl-a concentration at the site near the outlet was 8.1 times higher than that at the inlet, and cyanobacteria became the dominant species accounting for 83% of the total cell density. Nutrient enrichment experiments showed that algae could grow rapidly within 3 days with average specific growth rates (μ) of 0.36-0.42 d

Electrode materials play a key role in supercapacitors, and the structural design of electrode materials is supposed to be given priority to improve capacitive performances. Herein, manganese ferrite nanorods/graphene composites are fabricated by a one-step, in situ hydrothermal method. In situ growth of manganese ferrite nanorods ensures good interfacial contact between nanorods and graphene, endowing the composites with rapid charge transfer and superior cyclic performance. The as-synthesized composites yield specific capacitances of 537.7 and 187.7 F/g at current densities of 0.5 and 10 A/g, respectively. Furthermore, their capacity retention is 87.7% after 20000 cycles at 1 A/g, indicating exceptional cyclic performance. Such excellent capacitive performances are due to fast charge transport and good structural stability, which derived from the in-situ growth of manganese ferrite nanorods on the graphene.

The purpose of this work is to explore the effects of the introduction methods of Ce4+ and Zr4+ on the physicochemical properties, activity, and K tolerance of V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by NH3. Four different methods, namely pre-impregnation, post-impregnation, co-impregnation, and co-precipitation, were used to synthesize a series of V2O5-WO3-TiO2-CeO2-ZrO2 catalysts. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, NH3-TPD, XPS, and H2-TPR techniques. Moreover, the activity and anti-K poisoning performance were tested by an NH3-SCR model reaction. The results show that the introduction of Ce4+ and Zr4+ can improve the catalytic performance of V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst, but the impregnation method cannot enhance the anti-K poisoning performance. Ce4+ and Zr4+ introduced by co-precipitation method can effectively improve the tolerance of K, which is mainly due to the incorporation of Ce4+ and Zr4+ into TiO2 lattice to form a uniform TiO2-CeO2-ZrO2 solid solution, resulting in the optimal surface acidity and redox performance, and reducing the decreases caused by K-poisoning. Furthermore, based on the best introduction method, we further optimized the molar ratio of Ce4+/Zr4+. It is found that the catalyst exhibits the best anti-K poisoning performance when the molar ratio of Ce4+/Zr4+ is 2:1.

The pompon flower-like nickel ferrites (PF–NiFe2O4) were prepared by a vapor diffusion-deposition method followed by annealing process. The pseudocapacitive performance and microwave absorbing property of as-obtained multifunctional PF-NiFe2O4 were investigated. The PF-NiFe2O4 yielded the specific capacitance of 168.5 F g-1 at the current density of 1 A g-1 and 98.8 F g-1 at 10 A g-1, while the corresponding values were 140.9 and 65.3 F g-1 for their bulk counterpart, indicating good capacitive performance of PF-NiFe2O4. Furthermore, the bulk NiFe2O4 electrode collapsed after about 5100 cycles, whereas the PF-NiFe2O4 remained 71.4% of capacitance after 10000 cycles at 1 A g-1, unveiling good cyclic performance. In addition, the PF-NiFe2O4 exhibited the minimum reflection loss of -18.3 dB, while the bulk NiFe2O4 only yielded the minimum reflection loss of -9.2 dB. The unique pompon flower-like structure was crucial for the enhanced capacitive performances and absorbing properties. These multifunctional features made the PF-NiFe2O4 a promising candidate in pseudocapacitor electrodes and microwave absorbing application.