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This blind randomized clinical trial evaluated the effect of CIMT on the functionality and quality of life (QOL) of chronic hemiparetics. Thirty volunteers were divided into two groups: Control (CG) and CIMT (CIMTG); evaluated before and after 12 and 24 intervention sessions. The scales used were: adapted Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment (FMA), Modified Ashworth, Stroke Specific Quality Of Life (SS-QOL) and the Functional Reach Test (FRT). The scores for all FMA variables in the CIMTG increased until the 24th session, differing from the pre-treatment. In the CG, the scores increased for pain, coordination/ speed and sensitivity. In the FRT there was an increase in the scores in both groups; after the 12th and 24th sessions, the result of the CIMTG was superior to the CG. For the SS-QOL in the CIMTG, the general score and most of the variables increased, as well as in the CG. Muscle tone in CIMTG was lower compared to CG after 24 sessions. Both protocols used in the study were effective, the CIMT protocol showed benefits in recovering the functionality of the paretic upper limb, in the functional range and in reducing muscle tone, with a consequent improvement in quality of life.

Background: To evaluate the relationship between Human T- cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection and respiratory system alterations. Methods: Cohort and case-control studies that analysed the causal association between HTLV-1 and pulmonary complications were considered. There was no restriction on language and publication period. The study was registered in PROSPERO (Protocol No. CRD42017078236), and was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement. PubMed, Bireme, ScienceDirect, PeDo, Scielo, Ibecs e Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched, with the combination of following keywords: HTLV 1; human T-lymphotropic virus 1; HTLV-1 infectious; lung disease; pulmonary disease; lung injury; pulmonary injury; respiratory tract disease. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was utilized for methodologic quality evaluation of published studies and Kappa coefficient for evaluation of agreement level between two reviewers. Findings: Initially 826 studies were retrieved by the search strategy, 33 of these were considered to be potentially eligible (Kappa test = 0.92), only three met the inclusion criteria. These include bronchiectasis, diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB), bronchioalveolitis associated with HTLV-1 (BAH), non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) as a reaction against pulmonary complications in patients with HTLV-1 virus. Interpretation: This systematic review with an approach to cohort and case control studies suggests the need of further investigations to understand the mechanisms underlying persistence and viral pathogenesis, focusing on preventive and therapeutic strategies with a view into the respiratory system of symptomatic or asymptomatic HTLV-1 virus carriers. Funding Statement: There was no funding source for this study. Declaration of Interests: The authors have nothing to declare. Ethics Approval Statement: The systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Protocol No. CRD42017078236), elaborated according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) recommendations.