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Building Energy Simulation (BES) tools play a key role in the optimization of the building system during the different phases, from pre-design through commissioning to operation. BES tools are increasingly used in research as well as in companies. New BES tools and updated versions are continuously being released. Each tool follows an independent validation process but rarely all the tools are compared against each other using a common case study. In this work, the modelling approaches of widespread dynamic simulation tools (i.e. EnergyPlus, TRNSYS, Simulink libraries CarnotUIBK and ALMABuild, IDA ICE, Modelica/Dymola and DALEC), as well as PHPP (a well-known quasi-steady-state tool), are described and the results of all the tools modelling the same characteristic office cell, defined within the IEA SHC Task 56, are compared on a monthly and hourly basis for the climates of Stockholm, Stuttgart and Rome. Unfortunately, different tools require different levels of input detail, which are often not matching with available data, hence the parametrization process highly influences the quality of the simulation results. In the current study to evaluate the deviation between the tools, frequently used statistical indices and normalization methods are analysed and the problems related to their application, in a cross-comparison of different tools, are investigated. In this regard, the deviation thresholds indicated by ASHRAE Guideline 14-2014 are used as a basis to identify results that suggest an acceptable level of disagreement between the predictions of a particular model and the outcomes of all models. The process of reaching a good agreement between all tools required several iterations and great effort on behalf of the modellers. To aid the definition of building component descriptions and future references for inter-model comparison a short history of the executed steps is presented in this work. Together with the comparison of the results of the tools, their computational cost is evaluated and an overview of the modelling approaches supported by the different tools for this case study is provided aiming to support the users in choosing a fit-for-purpose simulation tool.

The data presented in this article are the results of widespread building simulation tools (i.e. EnergyPlus, TRNSYS, Simulink/CarnotUIBK, Simulink/ALMABuild, IDA ICE, Modelica/Dymola and DALEC) used to simulate a characteristic office cell, described within IEA SHC Task 56 [1] , located in Stockholm, Stuttgart and Rome. Hourly data for each component of the thermal balance (i.e. Heating, cooling, infiltration, ventilation, internal gains, solar gains) and the hourly convective and radiative temperatures are reported for all the tools along with the ambient temperature and solar irradiation on the south facade. The mainly used statistical indices (i.e. Mean Bias Error, Mean Absolute Error, Root Mean Square Error and coefficient of determination) are applied to evaluate the accuracy of the tools. For more insight and interpretation of the results, please see “Detailed Cross Comparison of Building Energy Simulation Tools Results using a reference office building as a case study” [2] . This data set and evaluation methods are made available to ease the cross-validation process for other researchers.

Introduction Le desencombrement bronchique est un element cle de la kinesitherapie respiratoire chez les patients atteints de mucoviscidose afin de prevenir les recidives d’exacerbation pulmonaire et le declin de la fonction respiratoire. La diminution de la capacite inspiratoire (CI) est un indicateur approprie de la distension statique dans la mucoviscidose, et peut reveler une deterioration subclinique de la fonction respiratoire [1] . Cette etude multicentrique visait a evaluer les effets d’une nouvelle technologie de desencombrement sur la CI au repos chez des patients atteints de mucoviscidose cliniquement stables. Methodes Vingt et un patients mucoviscidose adultes inclus consecutivement dans 2 centres ont recu au cours d’une seance de kinesitherapie respiratoire prophylactique, une session de drainage bronchique de 20 min environ avec le dispositif Simeox (Physio-Assist, France). Les patients ont effectue sous la supervision d’un kinesitherapeute, 3 mesures valides de CI au repos (coefficient de variation moyen Resultats Population : 10 hommes (26,7 ± 6,3 ans) et 11 femmes (26,9 ± 8,1 ans). Apres la session de drainage, la CI etait augmentee significativement de 110 ± 140 mL et de 4 ± 5 % pred. (p Fig. 1 : correlation negative entre le % relatif de variation de CI et la CI% pred., p Conclusion La capacite inspiratoire au repos a ete amelioree apres une seule seance de drainage avec la technologie Simeox suggerant un effet direct sur la reduction de la distension pulmonaire statique. Ce mecanisme physiologique pourrait avoir un impact significatif sur l’evolution de la fonction pulmonaire dans la mucoviscidose et necessite d’etre confirme par des donnees a plus long terme.

In order to continue with a systematic study that include different polymers and monomers, the residual active sites produced by heavy ion beams, that remain after the etching process, were used to start the grafting process. To produce tracks, foils of polypropylene (PP) were irradiated with 208 Pb of 25.62 MeV/n. Then, these were etched and grafted with acrylic acid (AA) monomers. Experimental curves of grafting yield as a function of grafting time with the etching time as a parameter were measured. Also, the grating yield as a function of the fluence and etching time was obtained. In addition, the permeation of solutions, with different pH, through PP grafted foils was measured.

The flow injection (FI) analytical determination of Se(IV) with 2,3-diaminonaphthalene (DAN) was assayed employing enhanced fluorometric detection. The different variables affecting the reaction rate between Se(IV) and DAN were studied in batch mode, and the best conditions for the 4,5-benzopiazselenol (Se–DAN complex) formation were found. On this basis, two different FI manifolds able to give optimal sensitivity were designed. Once established the optimal flow conditions for the product formation, a submicellar medium of sodium dodecylsulphate with the addition of beta-cyclodextrin was tested to perform enhanced fluorometric detection. A limit of detection of 0.3 ug l-1 of Se(IV), a linear dynamic range ranging between 1 and 500 ug l-1 of Se(IV) and a sampling throughput of 40 samples h-1 were obtained. A full discussion on each stage of the optimisation procedure and the validation of the propose methodology is provided. Fil: Pedro, Juana. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química; Argentina Fil: Andrade, Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentina Fil: Magni, Diana. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química; Argentina Fil: Tudino, Mabel Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentina Fil: Bonivardi, Adrian Lionel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentina