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The aim of this work is to review the spectrum of sinonasal lesions that extend to the endocranium and to present key points that may narrow the differential diagnosis. The most frequent sinonasal lesions that extend into the endocranium are malignant; however, benign entities are not unusual. Imaging diagnosis is difficult because malignant lesions and benign entities share similar clinical, epidemiologic, and imaging features. Tumor features in relation to bone, intratumor homogeneity and structure, magnetic resonance imaging signal, along with clinical and epidemiologic aspects may allow an appropriate diagnostic focus with important management implications.

Resumen Se presentan los hallazgos neuropatologicos de la autopsia de una mujer de 80 anos de edad que, tras una caida casual en su domicilio, sufrio un sindrome de compresion medular agudo, falleciendo 9 dias despues del ingreso en el contexto de un cuadro respiratorio agudo. Se realizo estudio neuropatologico mediante extraccion del bloque cervical, congelacion y cortes sagitales seriados del bloque para evaluacion de las lesiones traumaticas. El caso mostro una buena correlacion con los estudios de neuroimagen efectuados. El examen macroscopico de la columna cervical constato la presencia de diversas roturas discales y del ligamento longitudinal anterior, diversos focos hemorragicos paravertebrales, epidurales y centromedulares, y una compresion aguda del cordon medular, sugiriendo un mecanismo lesivo de aceleracion anteroposterior del raquis. La remocion y el estudio del bloque cervical, en casos de sospecha de patologia traumatica, ofrece al patologo las ventajas de un segundo tiempo de autopsia, la posibilidad de comparar con los diagnosticos de neuroimagen y, en ultima instancia, una optima evaluacion de las lesiones neuropatologicas. Implementar la correlacion radiologico-patologica en el campo de la neuropatologia forense puede contribuir al conocimiento epidemiologico y etiopatologico de las lesiones traumaticas del sistema nervioso central.

Cirrhosis is a diffuse liver disease with premalignant potential in which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) frequently develops. The hemodynamics of contrast material are the key to diagnosis of focal liver lesions with computed tomography (CT). Lesions with arterial-dominant vascularity, such as HCC, show brisk enhancement during the arterial phase, whereas lesions with portal blood supply can appear as hyperenhancing lesions in the portal phase. The advent of helical CT has significantly improved the CT examination of the liver because the arterial phase can be displayed independently of the portal phase. The addition of arterial phase imaging to conventional portal phase imaging seems to improve tumor detection and characterization. Although HCC is the single most frequent tumor seen in chronic liver disease, other lesions such as peripheral cholangiocarcinoma and hemangioma should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Optimization of helical CT techniques may allow better detection and characterization of these lesions. In addition to tumor detection, CT plays an important role in preoperative staging of HCC as well as in preoperative assessment of patient candidates to hepatic transplantation. The use of CT angiography with maximum intensity projection techniques may allow for better preoperative work-up and vascular mapping in HCC patients. This article shows the spectrum of helical CT findings in chronic liver disease and specifically in the imaging of HCC and other focal lesions.

Delayed postanoxic encephalopathy (DPE) is a rare condition that presents after apparent recovery from acute cerebral anoxia. DPE, which consists of cognitive and neuropsychiatric deficits, appears between one and three weeks after cerebral anoxia. We present a patient with DPE secondary to acute cocaine and heroin intoxication with typical cranial MRI changes. The clinical improvement of the patient could be related to the improvement in white matter lesions despite the characteristics of the ADC map.

Corrigendum to ‘‘Traumatic bilateral vertebral artery dissection’’ [Forensic Sci. Int. 214 (2012) e12–e15] Ignasi Galtes *, Juan Carlos Borondo , Monica Cos , Merce Subirana , Carles Martin-Fumado , Josep Castella , Jordi Medallo a a Institut de Medicina Legal de Catalunya, Ciutat de la Justicia n8 111, Edifici G, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, 08075 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain b Instituto Nacional de Toxicologia Barcelona, Departamento de Anatomia Patologica, C/Merce n8 1, 08014 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain c Institut de Diagnostic per la Imatge (IDI), Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain