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Objective Lipogranuloma is a rare inflammatory reactive process in the dermis and subcutis. We present a summary of the 6 cases of lipogranuloma after facial cosmetic procedures. Study Design We performed a retrospective review including patient demographic data, clinical symptoms, appearance on computed tomography, treatment, pathology results, and history of facial cosmetic procedures. Results In most cases, the nodules were painless and showed no significant growth. Computed tomography revealed ill-defined swellings in the buccal fat pad with heterogeneous density. Histopathological examinations revealed numerous variable-sized empty microcysts surrounded by abundant lymphocytes and foamy macrophages, the characteristic features of lipogranuloma. On further questioning, all of the patients revealed that they had undergone some form of facial cosmetic procedure in the preceding months to years. Among the 6 cases, facial autologous fat injection may have been the main cause of lipogranuloma. Conclusion Lipogranulomas can develop months to years after facial cosmetic procedures distant from the injection sites. A thorough understanding of the patient's medical history and the clinical and histopathologic characteristics of lipogranuloma are necessary to make a definite diagnosis and allow appropriate treatment.

This report presents a case of Lipogranuloma of lower lip in an 8-year-old boy. The patient has been noticed a painless swelling on his lower lip for about three months. He had a past history of repeated rupture of the lesion, and the lesion currently presented with a soft and nodular mass at the left lower lip. The clinical diagnosis was lipoma. Histopathological examination of the surgically removed specimen revealed a number of fat-like globular material infiltrating into the submucosal tissues including skeletal muscle and atrophic minor salivary gland. A granulomatous inflammation with macrophages was noted over the lipidic infiltration, leading to a final diagnosis of ‘lipogranuloma of foreign body type arising in collapsed mucous cyst'. The lesion was induced by repeating administration of Castor oil on the collapsed mucous cyst in the region. In the present report, we describe a case of lipogranuloma arising in the collapsed mucous cyst caused by Castor oil application, which were very rare of maxillofacial region.

Arachidonic acid oil (ARA-oil) derived from the fungus Mortierella alpina for use in infant nutrition was tested in a subchronic (13-week) oral toxicity study in rats, preceded by an in utero exposure phase. The ARA-oil was administered as admixture to the rodent diet at dose levels of 3000 ppm, 15,000 ppm and 75,000 ppm. An additional high-dose group received 75,000 ppm ARA-oil in combination with 55,000 ppm fish oil containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), at a ratio of ARA to DHA, comparable to the ratio in mother's milk of 2:1. The total levels of fat in each diet were kept constant by adding the appropriate amounts of corn oil. A concurrent control group received 130,000 ppm corn oil in the diet. An additional carrier control group was fed unsupplemented rodent diet. Administration of the test substances from 4 weeks prior to mating, throughout mating, gestation, lactation of parental (F0) animals and weaning of the F1 pups did not affect fertility or reproductive performance, nor the general condition of pups, viability, sex ratio or number of pups. Pup weight gain in the ARA/DHA- oil group was lower than the controls administered equal amounts of corn oil. In the subsequent subchronic study survival, clinical signs, body weight gain and food consumption were not adversely affected by the test substances. Ophthalmoscopic examination did not reveal any treatment-related changes. There were no treatment-related effects observed up to dietary test substance concentrations of 15,000 ppm. The following statistically significant differences were found in the ARA high-dose group and /or in the ARA/DHA group compared to the corn oil control group: decreased alkaline phosphatase activity, decreases in cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids concentrations, increased creatinine and urea concentrations. Furthermore, these groups showed increased adrenal, spleen and liver weights. The incidence of hepatocellular vacuolation was increased in females of the ARA high-dose group and the ARA/DHA group. Oil droplets were observed in the mesenteric lymph nodes and in the intestinal villi in the ARA high-dose group and the ARA/DHA group. In addition, lipogranulomas were observed in the mesenteric lymph nodes in these groups. The observed changes in the high-dose groups may be effects of the high intake of high-fat levels, rather than specific effects of the ARA-oil. The no-observed-effect level in this study was placed at 15,000 ppm ARA-oil. This level is equivalent to approximately 970 mg ARA-oil/kg body weight/day. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

Background: A high-pressure stream from mechanical equipment may inject gas or liquids deep into the orbit with few initial clinical signs. Aggressive surgical debridement as used in the extremities for the treatment of injection injuries is not possible in the orbit. Methods: Four patients with orbital injection injuries from farm or industrial equipment are presented. Previously reported cases of high-pressure injection injury are reviewed. Results: Two patients suffered localized anterior orbital inflammation partially responsive to steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Late debridement was required in one patient for a persistent lipogranuloma. Two patients suffered more dramatic and diffuse injections of hydrocarbon mixtures, requiring emergent early surgical debridement and decompression for compressive orbital signs. All patients attained an adequate functional outcome, with one patient's vision limited by a coexisting ocular injury. Conclusions: High-pressure orbital injection injuries manifest a spectrum of signs ranging from acute inflammation with tissue necrosis and compressive visual loss to late chronic inflammation with a pseudotumor-like course. The authors recommend the initial treatment of orbital injection injuries with systemic antibiotics followed by prompt neuroradiologic imaging. Systemic corticosteroids should be added for confirmed injection injuries with surgical debridement of discrete masses and orbital decompression when indicated. Continued therapy with anti-inflammatory medication may be required to suppress chronic inflammation with selective late surgical debridement of lipogranulomas.

This report gives a brief resume of the types of xanthomatosis and their characteristics, together with a description of a case seen in an adult with diabetes insipidus. There were yellow pigmentation of the skin of the eyelids, and bilateral exophthalmus due to multiple tumors of the orbits. The only bone changes discovered by x-ray examination were enlargement of the sella turcica and changes in the posterior clinoid process. The blood cholesterol was increased, and the biopsy showed lipoid deposits in the tissue. From the Department of Ophthalmology, The Long Island College Hospital, and the Long Island College of Medicine. Read before the Brooklyn Ophthalmological Society, February 15, 1934.

A case of multiple peripheral neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease) was presented. The oral manifestation was a solitary tumor in the palate. It was not removed because the patient refused surgery; also, it was believed that the healing reaction following surgery might be abnormally hyperplastic, which could be detrimental to denture construction. A lipogranuloma was removed from the mandible at 1,2. The root tips in this area were the causative agent for the granuloma, but the lipoid histiocytosis reaction remains obscure. Full upper and lower dentures were constructed.

Lipogranuloma, a foreign-body-type reaction in adipose tissue, was observed in rats fed diets containing 35–50% levels of saturated fatty acids fed as palmitic acid, stearic acid, ethyl stearate, hydrogenated lard, or monoglycerides or acetylated monoglycerides made from hydrogenated lard. The incidence and severity of the reaction were approximately parallel to the amount of saturated fatty acid absorbed. Control groups fed lard or triacetin did not develop lipogranuloma during the 48-week test period. Replacing the diets containing saturated fat with one containing 20% corn oil led to prompt diminution (evident in all groups after 8 weeks) and eventual disappearance (essentially absent from all groups after 24 weeks) of the lipogranuloma. After reversal of the reaction, the adipose tissue showed no signs of damage.

Lipogranulomas developing secondarily in the genitourinary system have been reported rather frequently, but primary lipogranulomas without any past history of etiologically related conditions are rare. We report on 2 cases recently encountered in which tumors were diagnosed as sclerosing lipogranuloma on histopathologic examination.