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Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the world and produces only water vapor as a result of chemical reaction that occurred in fuel cells. Therefore, fuel cell electric vehicles, which use hydrogen as fuel, continue its growing trend in the sector. In this study, an energy distribution comparison is carried out between fuel cell electric vehicle and fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle. Hybridization of fuel cell electric vehicle is designed by equipped a traction battery (15 kW). Modeled vehicles were prepared under AVL Cruise program with similar chassis and same fuel cell stacks for regular determining process. Numerical analyses were presented and graphed with instantaneous results in terms of sankey diagrams with a comparison task. WLTP driving cycle is selected for both vehicles and energy input/output values given with detailed analyses. The average consumption results of electric and hydrogen usage is found out as 4.07 kWh and 1.125 kg/100 km respectively for fuel cell electric vehicle. On the other hand, fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle's average consumption results figured out as 3.701 kWh for electric and 0.701 kg/100 km for hydrogen consumption. As a result of this study, fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle was obtained better results rather than fuel cell electric vehicle according to energy and hydrogen consumption with 8% and 32%, respectively. (C) 2019 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

9th International Conference on Hydrogen Production (ICH2P), WOS: 000466455000048, Last three decades, costumers and manufacturers of automotive sector have been influenced positively by Hydrogen and fuel cells (FCs). The main goal of automakers can be pointed as minimizing the fuel consumption and exhaust emissions while improving the range limits, energy efficiency and latest technology adaptation. Therewithal, electric assisted propulsion systems added to vehicles and are called as electric vehicles (EVs). For that matter, Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) have become the focus of researchers and producers. In this mini foreseen review, overview of the next quarter century vision of FCEVs are expressed and discussed by the helped of previous researches and with future forecast reports. The introduction part is summarized the general approach and future expectations of FCs in detailed. Technical overview is represented for FCs and FCEVs in terms of current state of technology to foreseen expectancy. Infrastructure analysis and future aspects overview part is also discussed for sector's perspective on FCEVs. The near future perspective of the FCEVs, which is seen as the next step in EVs, is discussed in detail in the next quarter century vision. Authors concluded that, between the 2030s-2050s, hydrogen FCEVs will continue their rising demand scale under the circumstances of decreasing expensive technology; enhanced energy optimization; extended range limits and increasing hydrogen refueling stations. (C) 2018 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

This study deals with usage of linear regression (LR) and artificial neural network (ANN) modeling to predict engine performance; torque and exhaust emissions; and carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen (CO, NOx) of a naturally aspirated diesel engine fueled with standard diesel, peanut biodiesel (PME) and biodiesel-alcohol (EME, MME, PME) mixtures. Experimental work was conducted to obtain data to train and test the models. Backpropagation algorithm was used as a learning algorithm of ANN in the multilayered feedforward networks. Engine speed (rpm) and fuel properties, cetane number (CN), lower heating value (LHV) and density (?) were used as input parameters in order to predict performance and emission parameters. It was shown that while linear regression modeling approach was deficient to predict desired parameters, more accurate results were obtained with the usage of ANN. © 2016 Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University

Noise and vibration of ignition compression engine is one of the most complicated field to cope with since every mechanism that compose of the engine affect them separately. In this study, effect of various biodiesel on engine noise and vibration has been studied on an unmodified compression ignition engine. Linear and non-linear based regression analysis based models were also developed to predict the relationship between fuel properties and noise-vibration of the engine with excellent agreement. The results revealed that noise and vibration of the engine decreased with increasing biodiesel ratio until pure biodiesel usage and in linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient (R) values were 0.784 and 0.741 for vibration and sound pressure level, correspondingly. In non-linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient (R) values were 0.814 and 0.777 for vibration and sound pressure level, correspondingly. In linear regression analysis, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) values were 0.747% and 0.126% for vibration and sound pressure level, correspondingly. In non-linear regression analysis, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) values were 0. 682% and 0.342% for vibration and sound pressure level, respectively. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

6th International Conference on Progress in Hydrogen Production and Applications (ICH2P), WOS: 000376695800066, Main objective of this study is to compare performance and emission characteristics of a pilot injection diesel engine with the additions of alternative fuels like pure hydrogen, HHO and biodiesel. In order to achieve this goal, Helianthus annuus (sunflower) biodiesel was produced and blended with volumetric ratio of 10% with diesel fuel. Additionally, intake air was enriched with pure hydrogen or HHO via intake manifold without any structural changes except reduction of injected diesel fuel on the 3.6 L, four cylinders, four stroke diesel engines. Amount of Hydrogen fuel supplied to the engine was adjusted to constant 10 L/min during the experiments. The effects of pure hydrogen and HHO usage with the addition of biodiesel to the engine performance values (Brake Torque, Brake Power and Brake Specific Fuel Consumption) and exhaust emission values (NOx, CO2, CO) were investigated in between 1200 and 2600 rpm engine speeds. Engine performance values were increased with the enriching the intake air with HHO than pure hydrogen compared to the standard diesel fuel operating condition. On the other hand, in terms of exhaust gas emissions, pure hydrogen provided better results than HHO. In both cases, changes on the engine performance results were minimal however improvements on exhaust gas emissions were very promising. (C) 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

6th International Conference on Progress in Hydrogen Production and Applications (ICH2P), WOS: 000376695800067, In this experimental study, Hydroxy (HHO; Oxy-hydrogen) - CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) fuel mixtures were used as an additional fuels in a non-modified diesel engine via intake manifold by substitution of diesel fuel. Three cases of experiment performed in a 3.6 L, four cylinders, four stroke diesel engine; first case is non-substitute liquid fuel, neat diesel operation; second case is HHO (5.1 lpm) addition to air mixture and operated under substituted diesel engine and third case is 25HHO-CNG mixture (25% Hydroxy-75% CNG-(5.1-15.3 lpm)) inducted the intake manifold and running with substituted diesel engine. During the tests stepping motor and driver used on fuel pump plunger to substitute diesel fuel as similar to pilot diesel injection. The effects of HHO and HHOCNG fuels relative to neat diesel operations were investigated in between 1200 and 2600 rpm engine speeds and expressed on both engine performance values like; brake torque, brake power, brake specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency; and exhaust emissions; NOx, CO2, CO and exhaust gas temperature (EGT). Results showed that the addition of HHO-CNG mixture is most effective in improving the engine performance and providing more environmentally friendly attitude on exhaust emissions compared to neat diesel operations. (C) 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

WOS: 000370306300103, Pilot diesel injection phenomenon consisted by gaseous fuels such as hydrogen and natural gas; ensure the way of exert fuels without any structural modification in compression ignition engines. This study investigates of using 30HCNG (Hydrogenated Compressed Natural Gas) fuel mixture on a non-modified diesel engine operated with diesel fuel replacement rate experimentally. HCNG was used as an additional fuel with air fumigation in a non-modified diesel engine via intake manifold and reduction of diesel fuel by dint of pilot injection. Reduction of diesel fuel was prepared as two different substitutions like 25 and 50% diesel replacement rates controlled by stepping motor devices. 30% Hydrogen and 70% CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) (by volumes) fuel mixture were tested in a 3.6 L, four cylinders, four stroke and water coolant diesel test engine between 1200 and 2600 rpms. Effects of these two different diesel reductions on engine performance and exhaust emissions parameters were compared and illustrated with graphics as brake power, brake torque, and brake specific fuel consumption; CO, CO2 and NOx. Brake thermal efficiency and a minor cost analyses were also performed. It was observed that, 30HCNG fuel mixture with 50% diesel replacement rate affect the engine performance as brake torque, brake power and BSCF values were decreased 4.3%, 8%, 26.8% respectively. Exhaust emission values of NOx and CO2 were decreased 47.2%, 16.7% respectively; however CO emission values were increased 8%. Copyright (C) 2015, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved., TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of TURKEY) [114M798], This work is a part of a project under grant number "114M798" which is supported and funding by TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of TURKEY).

In order to investigate the availability of citrus sinensis biodiesel in diesel engines, an experimental research was conducted. Citrus sinensis biodiesel was blended with conventional diesel fuel with volumetric ratios of 5%, 10% and 20%. Fuel properties of blends and pure citrus sinensis biodiesel were found out and performance characteristics and exhaust emissions of the engine fueled with blends were analyzed. The engine performance experiments indicated that citrus sinensis biodiesel cause a slight reduction in torque and brake power values. Exhaust emission tests revealed that while CO emission values decrease, NOX emission values increase with citrus sinensis biodiesel usage. To conclude, citrus sinensis biodiesel can be used as a very promising additive to improve CO emissions of conventional diesel fueled engine. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

In this experimental study, effects of various alcohol additions into peanut methyl ester (PME) with ratio of 20% (by vol.) are investigated. After determining fuel properties of ethanol-methyl ester (EME), methanol-methyl ester (MME) and buthanol-methyl ester (BME), their effects on engine performance and emissions are compared with PME and neat diesel fuel. It is observed that oxygen content of alcohols enhances combustion and increased engine power and torque values are achieved compared to PME. Also, improved combustion results in reduced carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and increased nitrogen oxides (NO x). It is concluded that, average increments of 2.4%, 10% and 12.8% are obtained for MME, EME and BME, respectively compared to PME, in terms of engine power. Average increments of 1.2%, 3.4% and 6.1% are obtained for MME, EME and BME, respectively compared to PME, in terms of engine torque. Average reductions of 4.8%, 1.8% and 9.1% are achieved for MME, EME and BME, respectively compared to PME, in terms of CO emissions and average increments of 13.8%, 4.1% and 17.4% are achieved for MME, EME and BME, respectively compared to PME, in terms of NOx emissions. On the other hand, average reductions of 26.36%, 20.85% and 18.91% are attained for MME, EME and BME, respectively compared to neat diesel fuel, in terms of engine power. Average reductions of 20.53%, 18.81% and 16.67% are acquired for MME, EME and BME, respectively compared to neat diesel fuel, in terms of engine torque. Average reductions of 12.17%, 9.37% and 16.14% are obtained for MME, EME and BME, respectively compared to neat diesel fuel, in terms of CO emissions and average increments of 18.49%, 8.26% and 22.19% are achieved for MME, EME and BME, respectively compared to neat diesel fuel, in terms of NOx emissions. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

In this study, usability of cotton oil soapstock biodiesel-diesel fuel blends as an alternative fuel for diesel engines were studied. Biodiesel was produced by reacting cotton oil soapstock with methyl alcohol at determined optimum condition. The cotton oil biodiesel-diesel fuel blends were tested in a single cylinder direct injection diesel engine. Engine performances and smoke value were measured at full load condition. Torque and power output of the engine with cotton oil soapstock biodiesel-diesel fuel blends decreased by 5.8% and 6.2%, respectively. Specific fuel consumption of engine with cotton oil soapstock-diesel fuel blends increased up to 10.5%. At maximum torque speeds, smoke level of engine with blend fuels decreased up to 46.6%, depending on the amount of biodiesel. These results were compared with diesel fuel values. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

European Biotechnology Congress -- MAY 16-18, 2013 -- Comenius Univ, Bratislava, SLOVAKIA WOS: 000323298100082 … European Biotechnol Themat Network Assoc (EBTNA), Comenius Univ, Fac Nat Sci