Search

The municipal solid waste (MSW) is widely considered as a heterogeneous source of energy, with numerous characteristics varying depending on its geographical region or origin from where it is collected. The development of correlations for the prediction of the higher heating value (HHV) of MSW is a sustainable and cleaner way based on data of specific region from where MSW is obtained. In this research, a new approach reported for the development of correlations to predict the energy content of MSW accurately. The developed correlations lie within the all parameter affecting the HHV of MSW. The models presented can predict the HHV of MSW accurately (R2 > 0.8) compared to other models reported in the literature. However, model 13 developed on the basis of ultimate analysis demonstrated maximum accuracy (R2 = 0.919) among all 7 developed models. The aim of developing the prediction model for the HHV of different MSW samples was to reliably predict using proximate or ultimate analytical data to save experimentation costs and provide theoretical foundations for modelling MSW combustion, pyrolysis processes and thermal conversion for the energy security.

In this study, we elucidated the effect of sewage drain on groundwater contamination as including different contaminants, microbes, and pathogens, which deteriorating the groundwater by poor infiltration and seepage This is getting severer in developing countries like India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, where unprocessed effluent is discharged into the water bodies This study was planned to elucidate the effect of sewage drain (based on distance 0–5, 5–10, 15–20, 20–25 m) from two different sewage drains to explain the different physiochemical, and biological parameters including total soluble solids (TSS), chloride, total dissolved solids (TDS), calcium, total hardness, magnesium, nitrate, chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (D O ), and biological oxygen demand (BOD) Drainage channel number-1 results showed that E coli (positive), coliform count (22 75–48 66 /100 mL), and BOD (8–25 75 mgL−1) remained above the permissible limit of the World Health Organization (WHO) Besides, drainage channel number 2 results exposed that E coli (positive), coliform count (17 7–47 /100 mL), and BOD (6 25–21 5 mg/ L) was not within the permissible limit of WHO The presence of COVID-19 in the stool has been significantly reported in the literature The presence of stool in sewage drain leading to groundwater contamination can be an emerging threat to water pollution and could lead to the spread of COVID-19 This study helps to minimize this threat with the help of corporate social responsibility (CSR) Because organizational responsibility towards its society is one of the critical factors to contain numerous issues related to the society © 2020 The Author(s)