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The aim of this study was to determine whether base of tongue (BOT) cancer is tongue cancer located at the base of the tongue or lingual tonsil cancer originating from tonsil tissue. This was a retrospective study using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The genomic patterns of three primary cancers (BOT, oral tongue, and tonsil) were compared to determine their similarities and differences. Gene expression data (n=193; 26 BOT, 125 oral tongue, and 42 tonsil cases), copy number alteration data (n=142; 19 BOT, 96 oral tongue, and 27 tonsil cases), and somatic mutation data (n=187; 25 BOT, 122 oral tongue, and 40 tonsil cases) were analyzed using the t-test, heatmap analysis, and OncoPrint, respectively. Clinical information for the three tumour groups was included in the analyses. When using multiplatform analysis, BOT cancer showed nearly the same genomic pattern as tonsil cancer, but not oral tongue cancer. The χ2 test and survival analysis revealed that BOT cancer had the same clinical and survival patterns as tonsil cancer. In conclusion, BOT cancer showed a genomic pattern similar to that of tonsil cancer, but different to that of oral tongue cancer. Further prospective studies are warranted before the results of this study can be applied in a clinical setting.

Electron beam coupled-bunch instabilities can limit and degrade the performance of storage ring based light sources. A longitudinal feedback system has been developed for the Duke storage ring to suppress multi-bunch beam instabilities which prevent stable, high-current operation of the storage ring based free-electron lasers (FELs) and an FEL driven Compton gamma source, the high intensity gamma-ray source (HIGS) at Duke University. In this work, we report the development of a state-of-the-art second generation longitudinal feedback system which employs a field programmable gate array (FPGA) based processor, and a broadband, high shunt-impedance kicker cavity. With two inputs and two outputs, the kicker cavity was designed with a resonant frequency of 937 MHz, a bandwidth of 97 MHz, and a shunt impedance of 1530 Ω . We also developed an S-matrix based technique to fully characterize the performance of the kicker cavity in the cold test. This longitudinal feedback system has been commissioned and optimized to stabilize high-current electron beams with a wide range of electron beam energies (250 MeV to 1.15 GeV) and a number of electron beam bunch modes, including the single-bunch mode and all possible symmetric bunch modes. This feedback system has become a critical instrument to ensure stable, high-flux operation of HIGS to produce nearly monochromatic, highly polarized Compton gamma-ray beams.

A thermal vapor compressor (TVC) that is to be adopted for use in a multi-effect desalination (MED) plant isdesigned with a high entraining performance and is appraised with respect to its stability robustness of operating inthe double choking region under abrupt changes in the operating conditions such as the motive and suction steampressures which can be easily caused due to external disturbances. Firstly the shape of the TVC having a highentraining performance is determined by performing an iterative CFD analysis for the various shape conditionsunder the given design pressure conditions. Then the entrainment ratio of the TVC is determined numerically in acertain fluctuating range of the operational pressure. Alteration patterns of the entrainment ratio are then consideredto assess whether the working of the TVC transfers to the unstable operating region or not.

A thermal vapor compressor (TVC) in which the subsonic/supersonic flow appears simultaneously, has been accurately designed through the CFD analysis for the various shape parameters such as the primary nozzle shape, converging duct shape, mixing tube diameter, and so on. The performance of the developed TVD has been experimentally verified to be installed in a multi-effect desalination (MED) pilot plant. In this paper, the experimental results for various boundary conditions (motive pressure, suction pressure, and discharge pressure) are presented in comparing with CFD results. The two results show a good agreement with each other within 3.5% accuracy with regard to the entrainment ratio.

The cohesive failure which occurs in the inside of the polymer near the metal/polymer interface was studied in the Cu/Cr/polyimide and Cu/CuCr/polyimide systems. The interface energy was varied by pretreating the polyimide surface by varying rf plasma power density, or by varying the Cr content in the CuCr alloy layer, respectively, and peel tests were conducted. Then, peeled metal strips were analyzed by AES and XPS, and correlations were made among the peel strength, the amount of carbide-like Cr–C bonds near the interface, and the polyimide thickness on peeled metal films inferred from the AES depth profiling. Results indicate that the peel strength increased with the rf power density at a constant metal thickness and that the thickness of polyimide adhering to peeled metal films increased with the peel strength, which was related to the amount of carbide-like CrC bond near the interface affecting the interface energy. In the case of specimens with the same plasma treatment but various metal layer thickness, the thickness of polyimide on peeled metal films remained constant even though the peel strength increased with the metal layer thickness.

The interfacial fracture energies, Γ, of the Cu/Cr/polyimide system were deduced under varying Cu film thickness and pretreatment conditions based on two methods: X-ray measurement by Park and Yu and theoretical methods by Moidu et al. The two methods showed reasonable agreement for most cases, imparting validity for both approaches. Estimated Γ values were quite independent of the metal film thickness and increased with the rf plasma power density of polyimide pretreatment as expected. Estimated values of Γ were 46.8±17.8, 170.3±42.9 and 253.9±44.4 J m−2 for the rf plasma power density of 0.03, 0.036 and 0.05 W cm−2, respectively.

A spectrometer using a toroidal magnet with 12 superconducting coils was constructed at the north experimental hall of the KEK 12 GeV proton synchrotron. The spectrometer comprised 12 individual sectors surrounding the target point and served to measure π− momentum for the purpose of hypernuclear studies via the (stopped K−, π−) reaction. A large solid angle of more than 6%×4π str was achieved in a wide momentum range between 180 and 350 MeV/c at the maximum 1.8 T magnetic excitation, and in a range between 70 and 150 MeV/c at 0.65 T. A momentum resolution of 1.5 MeV/c FWHM was measured at 205 MeV/c, and a resolution around 3 MeV/c FWHM at 130–200 MeV/c was obtained including energy loss fluctuation in the experimental thick targets.

In order to understand the effects of plastic deformation and the interfacial fracture energy on the peel strength, thickness of the metal layer and the pretreatment conditions of polyimide were varied in the Cu/Cr polyimide system. The work expenditure during the peel test was estimated using the stress–strain curves of metal films, X-ray measurements of the plastic strain in peeled films, and the elastoplastic beam analysis. Results indicate that the peel strength is strongly affected by the film thickness and the pretreatment condition in a synergistic way, and that the peel strength shows a maximum at an intermediate thickness level. The estimated work expenditure was close to measured peel strength for most of the cases, which indicates that the measured peel strength is more a measure of the plastic deformation during the peel test than a measure of the true interfacial fracture energy.

A new method of frequency response analysis of an adsorber, with modulation of the adsorbate molar supply instead of traditional modulation of the reservoir volume, is presented. A semi-batch mode of operation is considered, for three different types of mass transfer mechanisms inside the particle: Langmuir kinetics, micropore diffusion and parallel pore and surface diffusion. Frequency responses to four different modes of perturbation are investigated: sinusoidal, square wave, triangular wave and saw-tooth wave. Except for the sinusoidal input modulation, the system pressure response contains higher harmonics, which makes the study of fast dynamics more feasible by using relatively low frequencies of the input perturbations and analyzing the higher harmonics in the output signal.

2-fold higher in human breast carcinomas compared to matched normal breast tissue. Protein expression of the Na/H-exchanger NHE1 (SLC9A1) was markedly less affected. Conclusion: We demonstrate that upregulation of Na+,HCO−3 cotransport during human breast carcinogenesis contributes to the characteristic acid distribution within human breast carcinomas and propose that NBCn1 is a new possible target for early breast cancer therapy. Disclosure of Interest: No significant relationships.

An anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template, which is filled with the Co–Pt alloys, is a promising material for high-density magnetic recording media due to its high magnetic anisotropy and high coercivity. The porous AAO templates were fabricated by the two-step anodizing of 1-μm-thick Al thin film evaporated on top of the titanium layer with the thickness of 250 nm. The AAO template with pore size of approximately 60 nm and aspect ratio of 10 was obtained at voltage of 40 V, temperature of 5 °C, oxalic acid of 0.3 M and widening time of 55 min. Then the thickness of barrier is less than 20 nm. The Co–Pt alloy electrodeposited at pulsed current density, pH of 4 and room temperature was successfully filled in the AAO template with pore size of 80 nm and aspect ratio of 3. Then the Co–Pt alloy with Pt concentration of 45 at% was uniformly filled in the template and the coercivity of 1100 Oe was observed by VSM.