68 results on '"Hong Sui"'
Search Results
2. Design of horizontal ball mills for improving the rate of mechanochemical degradation of DDTs
- Author
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Xin Gao, Hong Sui, Yuzhou Rong, Jing Song, and Dongge Zhang
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Pollutant ,Materials science ,General Chemical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Mechanics ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Collision ,Cylinder (engine) ,law.invention ,Power (physics) ,Reaction rate ,020401 chemical engineering ,Surface-area-to-volume ratio ,law ,Degradation (geology) ,0204 chemical engineering ,Nuclear Experiment ,0210 nano-technology ,Ball mill - Abstract
Mechanochemical ball milling can degrade high concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in contaminated soil and even pure chemicals easily and efficiently. There are many relevant laboratory studies that discuss the selection of reagents and mechanism of pollutant degradation. However, there are few related studies on large-scale treatment and importance of collision energy in the system. The purpose of this study is to optimize the existing collision model and design horizontal ball mill to examine the influence of the internal structure on the collision energy. Studies have shown that not only the collision between balls, but also the collision between the balls and internal structure (balls and blades, balls and cylinder) accounts for a considerable proportion in the system. Besides, we found that the single impact energy determines whether the mechanochemical reaction occurs and the effective collision power determines the mechanochemical reaction rate during ball milling. Finally, we calculated that the effective collision power increases as the number of blades and blade-mill volume ratio, and different operating modes influence collision power significantly when the number of blades and blade-mill volume ratio exceed a certain threshold.
- Published
- 2021
3. Demulsification of water-in-heavy oil emulsions by oxygen-enriched non-ionic demulsifier: Synthesis, characterization and mechanisms
- Author
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Xincheng Zhang, Changqing He, Jingjing Zhou, Ying Tian, Lin He, Hong Sui, and Xingang Li
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Fuel Technology ,General Chemical Engineering ,Organic Chemistry ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology - Published
- 2023
4. Efficient remediation of o-dichlorobenzene-contaminated soil using peroxomonosulfate-ferrate-FeS hybrid oxidation system
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Changfan He, Xingang Li, Hong Sui, Lin He, Xueying Zhang, and Peng Lv
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Pollutant ,business.product_category ,Environmental remediation ,General Chemical Engineering ,Peroxomonosulfate ,Inorganic chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Persulfate ,01 natural sciences ,Soil contamination ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chlorobenzene ,Bottle ,Degradation (geology) ,0210 nano-technology ,business - Abstract
To degrade the chlorobenzenes from contaminated soil, herein, a novel peroxomonosulfate-ferrate-FeS (PFI) hybrid oxidation system has been proposed. Take the o-dichlorobenzene as a typical contaminant, results of bottle tests show that the PFI oxidation system performs well in removing the pollutant, achieving up to 93% of removal efficiency in less than 30 min. With the orthogonal experiments, the effects of different parameters on the degradation of o-dichlorobenzene have been systematically investigated. The degradation of the o-dichlorobenzene by the PFI oxidation system is found to be well matched by the quasi-first order kinetic model. Further mechanistic study shows that, in this system, a proper addition of FeS could not only facilitate the activation of persulfate to produce sulfate radicals to oxidize o-dichlorobenzene, but also enhance the conversion of ferrate(VI) to produce Fe(V) and Fe(IV) to attack o-dichlorobenzene. In this way, the peroxomonosulfate and ferrate could perform synergistically with the presence of FeS in degrading the o-dichlorobenzene. The o-dichlorobenzene is found to be degraded into o-chlorophenol, 2,3-dichlorophenol, 3,4-dichlorophenol and chlorohexane, and finally to be CO2, H2O, HCl. In addition, results also show that the application of PFI oxidation system could reduce heavy metals in the soil and improve the soil permeability.
- Published
- 2021
5. Enhanced removal and recovery of binary mixture of n-butyl acetate and p-xylene by temperature swing–Vacuum pressure swing hybrid adsorption process
- Author
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Hong Sui, Peng Jiang, Lin He, Xingang Li, Zhenwei Han, and Dan Wang
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021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Environmental Engineering ,Stripping (chemistry) ,General Chemical Engineering ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Swing ,01 natural sciences ,p-Xylene ,Concentration ratio ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Scientific method ,Desorption ,medicine ,Environmental Chemistry ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Activated carbon ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The adsorption and desorption behaviors of two polar-nonpolar typical VOCs (n-butyl acetate and p-xylene) on activated carbon have been investigated by a temperature swing -vacuum pressure swing adsorption (TS-VSA) hybrid process. This hybrid process allows the maximal concentration enrichment (desorbed concentration to feed concentration ratio) of n-butyl acetate (BAC) and p-xylene (PX) to increase from 9.6 to 22.7 and 9.0 to 18.6, respectively. This enrichment could not only significantly improve the desorption efficiency of the total adsorbed VOC mixture (over 30 %) compared with those of single TSA (Temperature swing adsorption) or VSA (vacuum pressure swing adsorption), but also reduce the desorption time and energy consumption. Based on the thermodynamic adsorption properties of n-butyl acetate and p-xylene, the optimized desorption conditions are determined to be at 65 °C, 7.0 kPa and 0.85 L/min of stripping gas. The recycling tests further show that the activated carbon could stably run for the removal and recovery of VOCs using this hybrid process with over 85 % of adsorption capacity being kept. This test suggests that the TS-VSA hybrid process would be promising process for the engineering removal and recovery of VOCs (single component or mixtures) using activated carbons or other adsorbents.
- Published
- 2020
6. Revealing the Non-Covalent Interactions at Oil-Water Interface by a Multi-Level Computational Simulation: Insights for Developing Demulsification Processes
- Author
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Changqing He, Xincheng Zhang, Lin He, Xingang Li, and Hong Sui
- Published
- 2022
7. A portable multicolor aptasensor for MUC1 detection based on enzyme-mediated cascade reaction
- Author
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Jin-Hong Sui, Yun-Yun Wei, Jin Li, and Zhang-Run Xu
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Spectroscopy ,Analytical Chemistry - Published
- 2022
8. Nano-modification of carboxylated polyether for enhanced room temperature demulsification of oil-water emulsions: Synthesis, performance and mechanisms
- Author
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Jingjing, Zhou, Xincheng, Zhang, Lin, He, Hong, Sui, and Xingang, Li
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Environmental Engineering ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Environmental Chemistry ,Pollution ,Waste Management and Disposal - Abstract
Oil-water emulsions separation is frequently required considering the production and environmental issues. Herein, a nano-modification strategy has been proposed for carboxylated poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) block polyether (mANP) using epoxy-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (Fe
- Published
- 2022
9. Mechanism for degradation of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane by mechano-chemical ball milling with Fe-Zn bimetal
- Author
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Xin Gao, Yuzhou Rong, Dongge Zhang, Jing Song, and Hong Sui
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Environmental Engineering ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,Kinetics ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,01 natural sciences ,DDT ,Bimetal ,Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated ,Dehydrogenation ,Graphite ,Organic Chemicals ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Ball mill ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Chemistry ,General Medicine ,020801 environmental engineering ,Zinc ,Amorphous carbon ,Chemical engineering ,Reagent ,Environmental Pollutants ,Carbon - Abstract
As a non-combustion technique for destruction of persistent organic pollutants, mechanochemical ball milling has attracted research attention worldwide due to high effectiveness, simplicity, and wide applicability. Previous studies have demonstrated that Fe-Zn bimetal outperformed other commonly used reagents such as CaO, Fe and Fe 2 O 3 in mechanochemical destruction of industrial DDT. Mechanistic studies on mechanochemical destruction of persistent organic pollutants are rather limited and mechanisms may differ among reagents and chemicals. The objective of this study was to shed light on mechanisms for DDT destruction by Fe-Zn bimetal based mechanochemical treatment. A kinetics study showed that data for Fe-Zn treatment can be fitted to the Delogu model whereas that of CaO and Fe 2 O 3 treatments followed a pseudo-second-order model. The identification of intermediates and characterization of the solid phase of the ground material revealed that dechlorination, dehydrochlorination, benzene-ring breaking, as well as splicing and condensation of small molecules occurred during the milling process. Cleavage and dehydrogenation eventually converted benzene-ring compounds into graphite and amorphous carbon.
- Published
- 2019
10. Piecewise loading bed for reversible adsorption of VOCs on silica gels
- Author
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Zhenwei Han, Lin He, Xingang Li, Zeli Wang, and Hong Sui
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Materials science ,Capillary condensation ,Silica gel ,General Chemical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Microporous material ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Vacuum swing adsorption ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Desorption ,Piecewise ,0210 nano-technology ,Mesoporous material - Abstract
The vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) with silica gel (SG) is proved to be a promising method for the recovery of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The adsorption mechanisms of o-xylene on silica gels with different pore size have been revealed through the mathematic modeling of adsorption isotherms. The analysis of adsorption kinetics indicates that SG with micropore shows a steep concentration front and a long breakthrough time due to the strong adsorption force field, negligible transfer resistance and compressive effect of favorable isotherm. However, the reversible capillary condensation and mass transfer resistance cause a dispersed front and a short breakthrough time for mesoporous SG. The fast desorption rate makes mesoporous SG more energy-efficient compared with SG with micropore. Accordingly, to further improve the front slope and utilization of mesoporous SG in the adsorption process, a small amount of SG with micropore was loaded in the end of the fixed bed. The breakthrough time of the piecewise loading bed increased by 55.8% at the same loading volume with single mesoporous SG. The energy consumption was observed to exhibit an obviously decrease from 1.819 kWh/m3 to 1.295 kWh/m3, which proved that the piecewise loading method could recover VOCs in a more energy-saving way.
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- 2019
11. Determination of the active ingredients and biopotency in Polygala tenuifolia Willd. and the ecological factors that influence them
- Author
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Xiaofang Ma, Jiayue Liu, Hong Sui, Anli Liu, Yunsheng Zhao, Zhe Cao, Nana Cen, Linfei Li, Siqi Li, and Fuying Mao
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0106 biological sciences ,Active ingredient ,010405 organic chemistry ,Ecology ,Tenuifolin ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Soil pH ,Correlation analysis ,Sunshine duration ,Polygala tenuifolia ,Medicinal plants ,Path analysis (statistics) ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The quality of medicinal plants is closely related to the ecological factors in growing locations, and the curative ingredients and biopotency reflect their quality. This study determined the active ingredient concentrations (tenuifolin, polygalaxanthone III, 3,6′-disinapoyl sucrose, sibiricose A5, sibiricose A6 and sibiricaxanthone B) and biopotency (intelligence, tranquilisation and expectorant) of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. from the main cultivation regions of China. Moreover, this study discussed how 36 ecological factors (e.g. climate and soil condition) influenced these ingredients and their biopotency. The relationship between ecological factors and quality factors was analyzed step by step using correlation analysis, principal component analysis and path analysis. Nine ecological factors: annual mean temperature, annual sunshine duration, soil pH, Cl, Sr, Ca, S, B and exchangeable K concentration were considered as key factors that influenced the quality of cultivated P. tenuifolia. This study provided a novel approach for the quality evaluation of P. tenuifolia and a rational pattern for exploring the complex relationship between ecological factors and P. tenuifolia quality.
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- 2019
12. Adsorption and desorption of binary mixture of acetone and ethyl acetate on silica gel
- Author
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Xingang Li, Lin He, Hong Sui, Jijiang Liu, and Ammi Jani
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Silica gel ,Applied Mathematics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Diffusion ,Inorganic chemistry ,Ethyl acetate ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Vacuum swing adsorption ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,020401 chemical engineering ,Desorption ,Acetone ,0204 chemical engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Saturation (chemistry) - Abstract
Adsorption and desorption of acetone and ethyl acetate (two typical oxygenated VOCs) on silica gel have been systematically studied by vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) combined with temperature swing adsorption (TSA) process. It is found that the adsorption of both the oxygenated VOC compounds on silica gel could be well described by the Langmuir-Freundlich model. Although highly dependent on the operational parameters, the adsorption of both the oxygenated VOC compounds on silica gel is found to be controlled by external diffusion. When the two compounds are mixed, the adsorbed acetone is found to be partially replaced by the ethyl acetate when the adsorption approaches the saturation due to the stronger affinity of ethyl acetate to silica gel. It also suggests that there is a competitive adsorption between ethyl acetate and acetone. Further modeling demonstrates that the whole kinetic adsorption of binary oxygenated components could be divided into three steps: the free adsorption, the competitive adsorption and the equilibrium state. The final ratio of adsorbed acetone to ethyl acetate on silica gel is dependent on the adsorption bed height. The adsorbed oxygenated VOCs on silica gel are observed to be desorbed by vacuum pumping, which is also found to be significantly enhanced by increasing temperature (by ∼30 °C), achieving over 2.5 times of concentration increase in the desorbed gas stream.
- Published
- 2019
13. Recent advances of CO2-responsive materials in separations
- Author
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Hong Sui, Ziqi Yang, Lin He, Xingang Li, and Changqing He
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Co2 responsive ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Soil remediation ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Acid gas ,Physical separation ,Ionic liquid ,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Water treatment ,0210 nano-technology ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Resource utilization - Abstract
Separation is widely involved in many fields, such as materials synthesis, gas purification or removal, water treatment, petroleum exploitation, soil remediation, food and medicine production, etc. Compared with the physical separation, the chemical separation has unique advantages when the functionalized process aids are added in systems. The CO2-responsive materials are considered as promising separating mediums due to their relatively green and easily recyclable properties, which realize the resource utilization of CO2. Up to date, the reported CO2-responsive materials are mainly referred to switchable-hydrophilicity solvents, switchable surfactants, switchable water additives, switchable ionic liquids and CO2-responsive polymers. These CO2-responsive materials can be switched by CO2 trigger at moderate conditions, showing switchable properties, such as hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity conversion, switching “on” or “off” surface-activity and switchable change in ionic strength. These switchable properties can be applied in separations, especially in oil-solid separation, oil-water separation, wastewater treatment and acid gas capture. In this review, the recent advances of CO2-responsive materials in separation fields above have been overviewed. Additionally, the present challenges and future engineering considerations have been touched to provide potential insights and theoretical fundamentals for developing CO2-responsive materials.
- Published
- 2019
14. Molecular simulation and experimental investigation for thermodynamic properties of new refrigerant NBY-1 for high temperature heat pump
- Author
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Changyu Shen, Xiaoyu Jing, Hong Sui, Rongchang Cai, Yufeng Zhang, Jian Gao, and Na Deng
- Subjects
Materials science ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,020209 energy ,Relative standard deviation ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Thermodynamics ,Molecular simulation ,02 engineering and technology ,Coefficient of performance ,law.invention ,Lift (force) ,Refrigerant ,Fuel Technology ,Temperature and pressure ,020401 chemical engineering ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,law ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0204 chemical engineering ,Heat pump - Abstract
This paper presents the differences in thermodynamic properties of refrigerants in different spatial conformation, showing the superiority of molecular simulation in predicting thermodynamic properties of fluids. And molecular simulation was modified to improve prediction accuracy of thermodynamic properties of fluids at high temperature and pressure. Meanwhile, a new high temperature heat pump refrigerant mixture named NBY-1 was proposed, and its thermodynamic properties were estimated with the modified molecular simulation. Then the experiment investigation was carried out and showed the good cycle performance of NBY-1 as the refrigerant. The experimental results indicated that high temperature heat pump using NBY-1 could supply high temperature water of 130 °C with the highest coefficient of performance of 2.74 and the condensing pressure of 2.55 MPa, when the temperature lift was 50 °C. Moreover, the experiment also demonstrated the high accuracy with molecular simulation in predicting thermodynamic properties of NBY-1 in the two phase region, and the average relative deviation of condensing pressure between predicted results and experimental results was 2.59% with the highest value of 3.89%.
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- 2019
15. Kinetics of CO2 gas bubbling for the separation of residual solvent from waste solids: Effects of bubble size
- Author
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Fei Song, Junyan Wang, Hong Sui, Xingang Li, and Lin He
- Subjects
Process Chemistry and Technology ,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Pollution ,Waste Management and Disposal - Published
- 2022
16. Bitumen-silica interactions in the presence of hydrophilic ionic liquids
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Xingang Li, Qifeng Li, Yang Wang, Guoqiang Ma, Yipu Yuan, Lin He, and Hong Sui
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Materials science ,Aqueous solution ,Atomic force microscopy ,General Chemical Engineering ,Organic Chemistry ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Asphalt ,Ionic liquid ,Molecule ,Adhesion force ,0210 nano-technology ,Spectroscopy ,Layer (electronics) - Abstract
Ionic liquids have been considered for application in petroleum separation (especially in unconventional oil production) as interfacial functional materials at pure state or aqueous solution state. Herein, the interactions between bitumen and silica in ionic liquids (i.e., [Emim][BF4]) aqueous solution and pure ionic liquids have been investigated by dynamic contact angle, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and sum-frequency generation spectroscopy (SFG). Results show that the addition of ionic liquids in water enhances the equilibrium degree of bitumen recession from silica surface, while negligible change has been observed when the bitumen coated plate was put into the pure ionic liquids. The force measurements by AFM demonstrate that the bitumen-silica adhesion force in different systems are in the order of: DI water >1 mM [Emim][BF4] > pure [Emim][BF4]. Results of SFG detection show that the addition of [Emim][BF4] in the aqueous solution strengthens the orientation of water molecules on the silica surface, while making the water molecules more disordered on the bitumen surface. Consequently, a positively charged Helmholtz-like layer is formed by the [Emim]+ cations on negatively charged silica and bitumen surfaces.
- Published
- 2018
17. Understanding desorption of oil fractions from mineral surfaces
- Author
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Xingang Li, Yun Bai, Lin He, and Hong Sui
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Aqueous solution ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Organic Chemistry ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,Calcium carbonate ,020401 chemical engineering ,Chemical engineering ,Desorption ,Kaolinite ,Petroleum ,Enhanced oil recovery ,0204 chemical engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Asphaltene - Abstract
Separation of heavy hydrocarbons from mineral surfaces is highly dependent on the oil composition and their host rock surface properties. Herein, the petroleum is divided into SARA fractions (saturates, aromatics, resins, asphaltenes) to investigate their desorption behaviors on different types of mineral surfaces (silica (SiO2), kaolinite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3)). The Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM-D) tests show that the saturates and aromatics could desorb from the mineral surfaces spontaneously even in water, while no desorption was observed for the asphaltenes and resins. Although the above desorption could be enhanced by alkaline or surfactant solutions, great difference still appears to different oil fractions. Oil characterization shows that the heavy fractions (i.e., asphaltenes, resins) possess richer acid groups than those of light fractions, allowing the stronger affinity of heavy fractions to the mineral surfaces through polar and chemical interactions. Additionally, the heavy fractions dominate in determining the desorption properties of bitumen (the mixed fractions), and lead to more significant wettability alteration to the mineral surfaces. Furthermore, the oil fractions desorption is also found to be highly influenced by the mineral types. Compared with silica, kaolinite has stronger affinity to the heavy oil fractions, leading to smaller amount of desorption. While on the calcium carbonate surface, less than 11% of the coated oil fractions are observed to be desorbed. Surface characterizations summarize that, due to the difference in mineral composition, the affinity of minerals to oil components in aqueous solutions is given as: calcium carbonate (positively charged calcium ions) > kaolinite (containing –AlOH, –SiOH groups and heavy metal elements) > silica (–SiOH group). The above results reveal the differences among bitumen subfractions and mineral types, allowing potential insights to the development of enhanced oil recovery, such as aqueous-nonaqueous hybrid extraction process, solvent extraction, CO2-enhanced oil recovery, etc.
- Published
- 2018
18. Evaluation and determination of soil remediation schemes using a modified AHP model and its application in a contaminated coking plant
- Author
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Lin He, Xingang Li, Hong Sui, Xingtao Cao, Li Yonghong, and Li Jia
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021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Decision support system ,Environmental Engineering ,Computer science ,Environmental remediation ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Analytic hierarchy process ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Soil remediation ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Soil contamination ,Hierarchical database model ,Group decision-making ,Environmental Chemistry ,Biochemical engineering ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Competence (human resources) ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Soil remediation has been considered as one of the most difficult pollution treatment tasks due to its high complexity in contaminants, geological conditions, usage, urgency, etc. The diversity in remediation technologies further makes quick selection of suitable remediation schemes much tougher even the site investigation has been done. Herein, a sustainable decision support hierarchical model has been developed to select, evaluate and determine preferred soil remediation schemes comprehensively based on modified analytic hierarchy process (MAHP). This MAHP method combines competence model and the Grubbs criteria with the conventional AHP. It not only considers the competence differences among experts in group decision, but also adjusts the big deviation caused by different experts' preference through sample analysis. This conversion allows the final remediation decision more reasonable. In this model, different evaluation criteria, including economic effect, environmental effect and technological effect, are employed to evaluate the integrated performance of remediation schemes followed by a strict computation using above MAHP. To confirm the feasibility of this developed model, it has been tested by a benzene workshop contaminated site in Beijing coking plant. Beyond soil remediation, this MAHP model would also be applied in other fields referring to multi-criteria group decision making.
- Published
- 2018
19. A hybrid process for oil-solid separation by a novel multifunctional switchable solvent
- Author
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Lin He, Ashish Jain, Hong Sui, Xingang Li, and Ziqi Yang
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Aqueous solution ,Materials science ,General Chemical Engineering ,Organic Chemistry ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Aqueous two-phase system ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,Alkylation ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,Metal ,Solvent ,Fuel Technology ,Chemical engineering ,law ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,0210 nano-technology ,Dissolution ,Distillation - Abstract
A switchable solvent with a diamine structure called N, N, N′, N′-tetraethyl-1, 3-propanediamine (TEPDA) has been synthesized through an alkylation reaction. This solvent can switch between its hydrophilic and hydrophobic states with the addition or removal of CO2, respectively. It is found that TEPDA can be applied as an organic solvent and can be ionized in water to form cations. With these properties, TEPDA was proven to perform well with water in separating heavy oil from a carbonate solid surface, resulting in over 10% additional oil recovery. A mechanistic study shows that in this aqueous/non-aqueous hybrid process, TEPDA acts mainly as a solvent in softening and dissolving heavy hydrocarbons (dissolution effect). Meanwhile, a small amount of ionized TEPDA in the aqueous phase acts as a surface-active material accumulating at the oil–water and water–solid interfaces (interfacial modification). Both of these effects work to enhance the detachment of oil from solid surfaces. Additionally, the quality of the recovered heavy oil and the cleanliness of the residual solids are both improved. After extraction, TEPDA can be efficiently recycled by CO2 and N2 bubbling without huge energy consumption compared to distillation. Further tests show that this water-assisted TEPDA process also performs well in detaching oil from other solid surfaces, such as metal and silica.
- Published
- 2018
20. Synthesis and application of amino acid ionic liquid-based deep eutectic solvents for oil-carbonate mineral separation
- Author
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Junyan Wang, Xingang Li, Kang Ning, Lin He, Hong Sui, and Zisheng Zhang
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Fluoroboric acid ,Applied Mathematics ,General Chemical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Toluene ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,0104 chemical sciences ,Deep eutectic solvent ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Ionic liquid ,Melting point ,Carbonate ,Wetting ,0210 nano-technology ,Eutectic system - Abstract
A novel amino acid ionic liquid-based deep eutectic solvent (TrpBF 4 /U) was synthesized using l -tryptophan, fluoroboric acid and urea. The melting point of TrpBF 4 /U was over 100 K lower than that of TrpBF 4 . It is found that the TrpBF 4 /U could form non-aqueous surfactant-free micro-emulsion through mixing with ethanol and toluene. The size of the micro-emulsion droplets was less than 7 nm and was dependent on the concentration of toluene. This newly prepared TrpBF 4 /U-based micro-emulsion was applied to extract the extra-heavy oil from carbonate asphalt rocks. Results showed that the oil recovery was enhanced by at least 11% compared with that without the TrpBF 4 /U micro-emulsions. The enhancement in the oil-solid separation was mainly ascribed to the interfacial alteration at the oil and mineral surfaces by the TrpBF 4 /U, including lowering the interfacial tension and increasing solid wettability. Assisted by the TrpBF 4 /U micro-emulsion, the quality of oil product (less solids entrained) and residual solids (less solvents attached) were also improved compared with traditional ionic liquids (i.e., [Emim]BF 4 ) at given conditions. It also demonstrated that the TrpBF 4 /U micro-emulsion could be recycled and reused at least 4 times without sacrificing its efficiency. The above findings suggested the potential applications of the amino acid ionic liquid-based deep eutectic solvent in oil-solid separations or other extractions.
- Published
- 2018
21. Low temperature thermal desorption-chemical oxidation hybrid process for the remediation of organic contaminated model soil: A case study
- Author
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Lin He, Li Jia, Hong Sui, Changfan He, Xingang Li, and Xingtao Cao
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Pollutant ,Low-temperature thermal desorption ,Environmental remediation ,Temperature ,Thermal desorption ,complex mixtures ,Soil contamination ,Soil ,Environmental chemistry ,Soil Pollutants ,Environmental Chemistry ,Environmental science ,Degradation (geology) ,Environmental Pollution ,Water content ,Environmental Restoration and Remediation ,Groundwater ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
The efficiencies of thermal desorption and oxidation process in engineering soil remediation are to some extent limited due to the huge loss of heat to the soil or underground water or mass transfer resistance in the soil. To enhance the oxidation and improve the energy utilization. Herein, the thermal desorption process and the oxidation process (by ozone) are combined together to remediate the organic contaminated model soil (take the 2,4-dimethylaniline (2,4-DMA) as pollutant). Results show that this hybrid process could not only reduce the thermal desorption temperature (as low as 50–90 °C), but also improve the oxidation efficiency significantly, even achieving 100% degradation of 2,4-DMA in less than 10 min in the soil. It is found that the remediation efficiency by the hybrid process is also highly dependent on different operational parameters, including the heating temperature, ozone concentration, especially the moisture content in the soil. The results suggest that a proper content of water in the soil is beneficial for the degradation of pollutants by the hybrid process. Finally, the degradation kinetics and mechanisms of 2,4-DMA in the soil by the hybrid process has been primarily discussed. These findings suggest that the low temperature enhanced chemical oxidation process would be a promising method for future remediation of organic contaminated soil due to its relatively low energy consuming and high removal efficiency in shorter time.
- Published
- 2021
22. Fast demulsification of oil-water emulsions at room temperature by functionalized magnetic nanoparticles
- Author
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Jingjing Zhou, Lin He, Hong Sui, Xingang Li, Nabil. H.A. Al-Shiaani, and Jun Ma
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Materials science ,Magnetic separation ,Oxide ,Nanoparticle ,Filtration and Separation ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Demulsifier ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,020401 chemical engineering ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Phase (matter) ,Amphiphile ,Magnetic nanoparticles ,0204 chemical engineering ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Oil-water emulsions separation is a significant and intractable problem in many industrial processes, especially in petroleum industry. To deal with the demulsification of oil–water emulsions, a novel kind of amphiphilic magnetic demulsifier (M-ANP) has been designed and successfully synthesized by grafting aliphatic alcohol nonionic propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block polyether (ANP) (~22.3 mg/g) onto the surface of epoxy-functionalized magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (~9.1 nm). The physicochemical and interfacial properties of M-ANP have been characterized and analyzed. The bottle tests show that the M-ANP performs well in fast (less than 5 min) and relatively complete demulsifying (up to 95.5%) both water-in-oil emulsions (water-in-crude oil, water-in-bitumen) and oil-in-water emulsions (diesel-in-water, crude oil-in-water, etc.) under room temperature. It also works well in breaking the stable water-in-asphaltene emulsions, achieving the demulsification efficiency of 90.0% within 2 min without heating (at 2000 ppm of M-ANP). Mechanistic study shows that the ANP and magnetic nanoparticles work synergistically in emulsions separation. The hydrophilic polyethylene oxide segments in the ANP would form hydrogen bonds with water, facilitating the interfacial adsorption of M-ANP. Furthermore, the multi-functional characteristics of magnetic nanoparticles (nano size, magnetic response and high density) promote the transfer of nanoparticles in dispersed phase and enhance the gravity settling and magnetic separation process of coalesced droplets. This kind of nanoparticle demulsifier would serve for promising applications in a variety of industrial and environmental processes at an energy-saving way.
- Published
- 2021
23. Thymus quinquecostatus Celak. ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via dual antioxidant actions: Activating Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and directly scavenging ROS
- Author
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Meng Shen, Xueyang Ren, Fang Fang, Ying Dong, Qiqi Fan, Qing Xia, Yue Liu, Yu Wang, Hong Sui, Gaimei She, Axiang Yu, Jiamu Ma, Xiaoyun Liu, Shusheng Fan, Jing Wei, and Ruolan Song
- Subjects
Antioxidant ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antioxidants ,Brain Ischemia ,Thymus Plant ,Western blot ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Animals ,Zebrafish ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 ,TUNEL assay ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Plant Extracts ,Chemistry ,medicine.disease ,KEAP1 ,digestive system diseases ,Rats ,Oxidative Stress ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Apoptosis ,Reperfusion Injury ,Molecular Medicine ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Reperfusion injury ,Heme Oxygenase-1 ,Oxidative stress ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Background Thymus quinquecostatus Celak. has been widely used as a spice and a folk medicine for relieving exterior syndrome and alleviating pain in China. Purpose To explore the protective effects and the underlying mechanism against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) of the T. quinquecostatus combining with its chemical composition. Study design and methods High-polar extract (HPE) was extracted from T. quinquecostatus and polyphenols in HPE were enriched to obtain polyphenol-rich fraction (PRF) using Macroporous resin. The free radicals and zebrafish embryos were used to compare the antioxidant activities of HPE and PRF in vitro and in vivo. Then, the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model was established in rats. Neurological deficit score, infarction rate, morphology and apoptosis of neurons were examined to investigate the protective effects of PRF on CIRI. The mRNA and protein levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the activities of downstream antioxidant enzymes in ischemia tissues were determined to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Also, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in zebrafish embryos were detected after incubation with PRF for a short time (2 h) to investigate whether PRF could directly eliminate free radicals. Finally, chemical composition of PRF were analyzed to investigate the material basis for antioxidant activity and anti-CIRI effect. Results Compared with HPE, PRF showed stronger antioxidant activities. PRF exhibited obvious protective effects including ameliorating neurological deficit, lowering infarction rate, and improving the cellular morphology in hippocampus CA1 and cortex after tMCAO. TUNEL staining suggested PRF dose-dependently improved the apoptosis of the neurons in ischemic cortex. RT-qPCR and Western Blot results suggested that PRF regulated oxidative stress (OS) via activating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Also, PRF could directly scavenge excessive ROS in zebrafish embryos after a short-time PRF incubation. The anti-CIRI effect might be primarily attributed to the abundant polyphenols in PRF, including flavonoids, polymethoxylated flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, and phenolic acids. Conclusion T. quinquecostatus contains abundant polyphenols and exhibited a good protective effect against CIRI via dual antioxidant mechanisms, providing a reference for further research and application for this plant.
- Published
- 2021
24. Mechanisms on the stability and instability of water-in-oil emulsion stabilized by interfacially active asphaltenes: Role of hydrogen bonding reconstructing
- Author
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Hong Sui, Xingang Li, Lin He, Yongli Yang, and Jun Ma
- Subjects
Hydrogen bond ,Chemistry ,020209 energy ,General Chemical Engineering ,Organic Chemistry ,Intermolecular force ,Heteroatom ,Stacking ,food and beverages ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,Demulsifier ,Fuel Technology ,020401 chemical engineering ,Chemical engineering ,Emulsion ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Molecule ,0204 chemical engineering ,Asphaltene - Abstract
Chemical demulsification is the most commonly used demulsification method for the separation of oil–water emulsions (W/O) in petroleum industry. Previous experiments demonstrate that the interfacially active asphaltenes (IAA) play the key role in stabilizing the heavy oil–water emulsions. Herein, the molecular dynamic simulation has been applied to reveal the molecular mechanisms on the stability and instability of the IAA-stabilized oil–water emulsions. It is found that IAA could accumulate at the oil–water interface and self-aggregate to form viscoelastic interfacial film through π-π stacking, hydrogen bonds (intermolecular and intramolecular) and other non-covalent bonds. Different types of hydrogen bonds (i.e., S = O…H-O, R-OH…H-O, N-H…N-R, S-H…S = O, S-H…S-R) are found between the IAA molecules due to the presence of heteroatoms (e.g., N, O, S) in IAA. Increasing the IAA concentration would increase the thickness of the IAA film which plays the key roles in stabilizing the emulsions. When the newly synthesized demulsifier (i.e., MJTJU-2) was added into the oil–water emulsion system, the oxygen groups (i.e., hydroxyl, ester groups, carboxyl groups, ether group) in demulsifier could weaken (at least 50%) or even break the hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking between IAAs and form new stronger hydrogen bonds with water molecules. This hydrogen bond reconstruction facilitates the breaking of the IAA film at the oil–water interface, allowing the coalescence of the water droplets in oil phase. This work would provide fundamental understanding for developing new way to efficiently demulsify the petroleum or similar oil–water emulsions.
- Published
- 2021
25. Revealing the residual mechanism of switchable solvents in heavy oil
- Author
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Hong Sui, Xingang Li, Lin He, Jun Ma, and Yongli Yang
- Subjects
Hydrogen bond ,Chemistry ,020209 energy ,General Chemical Engineering ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,Solvent ,symbols.namesake ,Molecular dynamics ,Fuel Technology ,020401 chemical engineering ,Chemical engineering ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,symbols ,0204 chemical engineering ,van der Waals force ,Solubility ,Dissolution ,Asphaltene - Abstract
The entrainment of residual switchable hydrophilicity solvents (e.g., N, N, N′, N′-tetraethyl-1,3-propanediamine (TEPDA)) in the oil phase after solvent extraction was considered as one of the main challenges hindering the application of switchable solvents. Herein, the residual behavior of TEPDA in bitumen has been systematically investigated with experimental tests and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. According to the experimental tests, it is found that the TEPDA could be entrained in bitumen in two different ways: i) a small amount of solvents are dissolved in the water droplets dispersed in the bitumen, and ii) most of the neutral solvents remain in the bitumen in the form of mutual solubility. The partial dissolution of asphaltene by TEPDA is the main factor affecting solvent protonation via solubility experiments. To comprehensively understand the process and formation mechanism of solvent residue, molecular dynamic simulation was used to analyze the wrapping mechanisms. By studying the interaction between different oil fractions and solvent molecules, it is found that asphaltene plays an important role in blocking reversible solvents and hinders their diffusion to the surface, which is consistent with the solubility tested. Intermolecular interaction analysis is used to understand the mechanism of solvent residue. It is observed that the van der Waals (vdW) forces between heteroatoms (O, N, S) in asphaltenes and methyl group in TEPDA as well as hydrogen bond (N…O-H) between TEPDA and asphaltene, play an important role in the binding of asphaltene-TEPDA. This finding provides molecular mechanisms for the residue of switchable solvents during heavy oil extraction. It would also shed light on developing new methods of solving the switchable solvent residues in other extraction processes.
- Published
- 2021
26. Conversion of phenolic mixture to refractory resins: A resourcezation strategy for phenolic distillation residues
- Author
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Lin He, Jinze Du, Hong Sui, Chengyang Wang, Jing Zhou, and Xingang Li
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Refractory ,law ,Environmental Chemistry ,Phenol ,Coal ,Thermal stability ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Distillation ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Residue (complex analysis) ,business.industry ,Energy conversion efficiency ,Pollution ,Ferrocene ,chemistry ,business ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
A new resourcezation way has been proposed to address the treatment challenges of the light phenolic distillation residue (LPDR) from the coal-based phenolic distillation residue. Herein, the LPDR, which was collected at 20 kPa and 220 °C from the phenolic distillation residue, has been further used to synthesize the phenolic resin (named as RPF) for MgO-C refractories. It is found that the conversion efficiency of crude phenol mixture to RPF is 71.3%, which is lower than that of pure phenol. To increase the conversion efficiency and improve the properties of RPF, the crude phenolic mixture was blended with pure phenol for the synthesis. The optimal addition mass ratio of phenol in the crude phenol mixture (phenol/total phenolic compounds) is determined to be 0.8, where the obtained RPF could satisfy or even better than the national standard. Further addition of 10 wt% of urotropine (HMTA) as curing agent and 9 wt% of ferrocene (Fc) as modifier (named as MRPF) are found to significantly improve the graphitization of RPF. Under these conditions, the DTG at temperature of maximum mass lose rate (Tmax) of MRPF was lower than that of commercial resin. The graphitization level was as high as 61.6% with the residual carbon rate up to 41.4%, which are higher than those of national standard. These findings provide insights for the resourcezation of the phenolic distillation residue.
- Published
- 2021
27. Cu 2 O NPs/Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 flower-like complex photocatalysts with enhanced visible light photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants
- Author
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Xingang Li, Zisheng Zhang, Shuanglong Lin, Wenquan Cui, and Hong Sui
- Subjects
Materials science ,Composite number ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Catalysis ,0104 chemical sciences ,Bismuth ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Photocatalysis ,Degradation (geology) ,Irradiation ,0210 nano-technology ,Methylene blue ,Visible spectrum ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
A facile and feasible interfacial self-assembly approach was developed to synthesize flower-like Cu 2 O/Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 micro-composites. Degradation of methylene blue (MB) was used to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of composite under visible light. When compared to Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 , the flower-like Cu 2 O/Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 micro-composites show higher photocatalytic activity. Additionally, our results indicate that the photocatalytic activity of Cu 2 O/Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 composites is dependent on Cu 2 O loading. The highest photocatalytic performance of Cu 2 O/Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 micro-composites is 94% after irradiation for 20 min, which is 3–5 times that of pure Cu 2 O (calculated based on the equivalent Cu 2 O content in Cu 2 O/Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 ) and pure Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 respectively. Photocatalytic mechanism for the degradation of MB over Cu 2 O/Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 was proposed based on the above. Our results provide an invaluable methodology for designing high visible-responsive photocatalysts based on Cu 2 O/bismuth and related functional materials, which is promising for semiconductor composites and new energy applications.
- Published
- 2017
28. Study on vacuum pyrolysis of oil sands by comparison with retorting and nitrogen sweeping pyrolysis
- Author
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Xingang Li, Hong Li, Ma Xiaolong, Dmitry Ridner, Xin Gao, Hong Sui, and Zisheng Zhang
- Subjects
Chemistry ,020209 energy ,General Chemical Engineering ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,Coke ,Retort ,law.invention ,Boiling point ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,020401 chemical engineering ,Chemical engineering ,law ,Pyrolysis oil ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Oil sands ,Organic chemistry ,0204 chemical engineering ,Distillation ,Pyrolysis ,Asphaltene - Abstract
Vacuum pyrolysis is a promising technology for the production of fossil fuels from oil sands. In this study, vacuum pyrolysis was compared with retorting and nitrogen sweeping pyrolysis based on the yields and the properties of the pyrolysis products. In the pyrolysis experiments, the samples of oil sands were heated to the final reaction temperature under varying heating rates and varying vacuum pressures. It was found that the effect of the reactor heating rate on the liquid oil yield of the pyrolysis reactions became less significant as the pressure was decreased below atmospheric level, to the point that the liquid yield of complete vacuum pyrolysis (0 MPa) was independent of the variation in heating rate. Longer vapor residence times lead to higher gas and coke yields and lower liquid yields. The coupling of retorting and vacuum pyrolysis was proposed and investigated, with the conclusion that vacuum can be utilized after the reactor reaches 500 °C with little sacrifice of the liquid product yield that can be produced by using vacuum only. Elemental analysis and the analysis of the distribution of saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes (SARA) were carried out to characterize the differences in the composition of the pyrolysis liquid products. Simulated distillation was conducted to analyze the boiling point distribution of the initial bitumen and the pyrolysis oil products. Significant differences in the distribution of SARA fractions were observed between samples obtained from solvent extraction process and those from pyrolysis.
- Published
- 2017
29. Removal and recovery of o- xylene by silica gel using vacuum swing adsorption
- Author
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Hong Sui, Xingang Li, Lin He, Ping An, and Cong Shan
- Subjects
021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Chromatography ,Silica gel ,General Chemical Engineering ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Analytical chemistry ,o-Xylene ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Vacuum swing adsorption ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Boiling ,Desorption ,Environmental Chemistry ,Particle size ,Absorption (chemistry) ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The removal and recovery of o-xylene (a typical volatile organic compounds, VOCs) by silica gel has been systematically investigated by vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) process. Laboratory scale measurements show that the adsorption of o-xylene on silica gels could be significantly enhanced by increasing the height to diameter ratio (H/D) of adsorption bed, the inlet flowrate and o-xylene initial concentration. However, reducing the H/D and desorption pressure or increasing the amount of purging gas are observed to be favorable for the desorption of o-xylene from the silica gels. The optimized operational conditions are determined at 5:1 for H/D, 5 kPa (absolute) of desorption pressure and 0.45 L/min of purge gas flowrate. According to further kinetic fitting and analysis, it is found that the adsorption of o-xylene on this silica gel is film-diffusion control, which could be enhanced by increasing gas flowrate or initial o-xylene concentration. In addition, reducing the particle size of the silica gel is also found to increase the saturation of adsorbed o-xylene in silica gels. A scaled-up integrated VSA setup was applied to confirm the above results, leading to a complete o-xylene removal from the gas (100% removed) with 87% of o-xylene recovered directly as liquid. Based on a rough economic calculation, the VSA shows greater merits than those of traditional thermal treatment and absorption methods, due to its recovered VOCs as products. Additional tests by other aromatic VOCs further approved the feasibility of the VSA using silica gels. These findings indicate that the VSA with air cooling at ambient temperature would be a promising and ‘green’ technology for treating high boiling VOCs.
- Published
- 2017
30. Application of silica gel in removing high concentrations toluene vapor by adsorption and desorption process
- Author
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Hong Sui, Cong Shan, Xingang Li, Hangxi Liu, Lin He, and Ping An
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Silica gel ,General Chemical Engineering ,Inorganic chemistry ,Future application ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Microporous material ,010501 environmental sciences ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Toluene ,Pressure swing adsorption ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,Chemical engineering ,Desorption ,medicine ,0210 nano-technology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Activated carbon ,medicine.drug - Abstract
An energy-saving set-up of pressure swing adsorption has been designed and applied to remove the high concentrations of toluene vapor (∼12,000 ppm) by silica gel at ambient temperature. It is evident that the adsorption of toluene vapor on silica gel matches the Langmuir–Freundlich model during the whole vapor concentration (up to 3.5 kPa), which is different from that on traditional activated carbon (AC). Results also show that it is much easier and faster for silica gel to adsorb toluene than that of AC. Mechanistic study by microporous characterizations and thermodynamic analysis shows a higher isosteric heat of toluene adsorbed on silica gel (∼55 kJ/mol) compared with that on AC (∼43 kJ/mol) due to a much more significant multilayer adsorption on AC. The vacuum desorption tests show that the desorption capacity of toluene vapor from the silica gel is much higher (61.6% desorbed) than that from AC (46.22% desorbed) at ambient conditions. In addition, an obvious accumulation of toluene has been observed on AC after a five-cycle of dynamic adsorption-desorption tests. Long-time run tests demonstrate that over 75% of the adsorbed toluene could be recovered from the silica gel. Considering the long-time run in future application, the silica gel would be a better candidate for the removal and recovery of high concentrations of toluene vapor from gas stream using the normal adsorption and vacuum desorption combined process at ambient temperature.
- Published
- 2017
31. Optimization of coal-based methanol distillation scheme using process superstructure method to maximize energy efficiency
- Author
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Chengtian Cui, Jinsheng Sun, Hong Sui, and Xingang Li
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,020209 energy ,Mechanical Engineering ,Fossil fuel ,Mechanical engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Building and Construction ,Reboiler ,Pollution ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,law.invention ,General Energy ,law ,Heat exchanger ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Coal ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Energy source ,Process engineering ,Distillation ,Operating cost ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Efficient energy use - Abstract
Despite the current methanol distillation system (MDS) touching a highly energy-efficient level, there are still opportunities to cut more corners when moving eyesight from heating media to electricity and work efficiency of rotary equipments. To simultaneously optimize this process for higher overall energy efficiency, methodologically an improved substitute pathway is herein proposed of corresponding process superstructure. In detail, it is an all-in-one integration of heat and work exchanger networks (HEN-WEN), exemplified by a 4-column double-effect methanol distillation scheme popular among Chinese coal-based factories. The completion of this work indicates a hope of potential reductions of pump electricity and reboiler steam consumption of the whole unit by further 68.38% and 15.83%, respectively.
- Published
- 2017
32. Understanding the effects of salinity on bitumen-calcite interactions
- Author
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Junyan Wang, Xingang Li, Lin He, Hong Sui, and Yun Bai
- Subjects
Calcite ,020209 energy ,General Chemical Engineering ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Ionic bonding ,02 engineering and technology ,Quartz crystal microbalance ,Molecular dynamics ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,Adsorption ,020401 chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Zeta potential ,Carbonate ,Oil sands ,0204 chemical engineering - Abstract
Recovery of heavy oil from carbonate oil ores is always a challenge by water-flooding process which is highly dependent on the water chemistry. Herein, experimental tests (by atomic force microscopy (AFM), quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D)) and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation have been conducted to understand the exact role of salinity (cations and anions) in influencing the bitumen-CaCO3 interactions. It is found that the addition of K+ and Ca2+ cations (up to 10 mM) into the solution would decrease the repulsive force strength (range from 20 nm to less than 5 nm), and even converts the repulsion force into adhesion force. However, the SO42− anions are observed to be able to strengthen the bitumen-CaCO3 repulsion force. This is different from that for processing quartz oil sands. In QCM-D measurement, additional ions inhibit the bitumen-calcite adsorption behavior but the effect is influenced by the ionic types and strength. Based on the zeta potential measurement and MD simulation, it is found that the Ca2+ cations are more preferred to adsorb on both the CaCO3 surface and bitumen. The adsorbed Ca2+ cations perform as ion bridges linking the oil and CaCO3 surface. Therefore, the accumulation of Ca2+ cations in the solution will deteriorate the oil recovery from carbonate oil reservoirs. However, SO42− anions are more inclined to only adsorb on the CaCO3 surface and prevent the adsorption between bitumen and calcite surface. Therefore, rejecting Ca2+ or increasing SO42− in the low salt water would be helpful for the EOR of carbonate oil reservoirs
- Published
- 2021
33. Removal of residual solvent from solvent-extracted unconventional oil ores gangue by gas bubbling
- Author
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Runzhe Liu, Lin He, Guoqiang Ma, Junyan Wang, Hong Sui, and Xingang Li
- Subjects
Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules ,Materials science ,Bubble ,Filtration and Separation ,02 engineering and technology ,Unconventional oil ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Toluene ,Analytical Chemistry ,Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Solvent ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,020401 chemical engineering ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Asphalt ,Oil sands ,Gangue ,Physics::Chemical Physics ,0204 chemical engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Quartz - Abstract
Solvent loss in the residual solids has been considered as a major challenge during the solvent extraction processes of unconventional oil ores (oil sands, asphalt rocks, etc.). Herein, we proposed a gas bubbling method to remove and recover the residual solvents from the extracted gangue for the purpose of solvent reuse and environment remediation. Results show that under the optimal conditions, more than 99.6 wt% of solvent (toluene) in the gangue could be removed and 92.3 wt% of solvent could be directly recovered with the condensation-compression combination process. The effects of water chemistry, gas types (CO2 or N2), and mineral types (calcite and quartz) on the removal efficiency have been investigated. The mechanism of solvent removal from residual solids by the gas bubbling process is deduced to contain several sub-processes, including bubble-oil droplet/solid particle colliding and coalescing; solvent droplet spreading on the bubble surface and evaporating into the bubble; droplets coalescing and solvent evaporating to the gas phase. Meanwhile, the kinetic model of the bubbling process is demonstrated, which matches the first order kinetic model. This process would provide insights for other similar situation about oil or solvent removal and recovery from solids.
- Published
- 2021
34. The nature of the Indonesian carbonate asphalt rocks and its insights into the separation processes
- Author
-
Xingang Li, Junyan Wang, Lin He, Guoqiang Ma, and Hong Sui
- Subjects
Calcite ,business.product_category ,Materials science ,Metallurgy ,02 engineering and technology ,Unconventional oil ,engineering.material ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,020401 chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Asphalt ,Illite ,Bottle ,engineering ,Carbonate ,0204 chemical engineering ,business ,Porosity ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The complex relationship between the oil and minerals (e.g., silica, calcite, illite) makes it much tougher for the heavy oil recovery. We evidenced that the Indonesian asphalt rocks are composed of porous foraminifera fossils with asphalt covering the whole porous particles (80–400 μm). It is found that the asphalt not only covered the rock surface, but also penetrated into the chambers through the pores (~4.5 μm) and covered the inner surface. The thin layer of asphalt on the inner surface of the chamber was determined to range from 1 to 3 μm. Bottle testes show that the microstructure would be the main reason hindering the separation of asphalt from carbonate mineral surface using hot water extraction method. In addition, it would exert significant influence on the solvent extraction process due to the entrainment or encapsulation of solvents and asphalt fractions in the chamber. This study would serve a base for better understanding of the microstructure and asphalt recovery of the Indonesian asphalt rocks, which also provides insights to the exploration and application of unconventional oil ores.
- Published
- 2020
35. Enhancing heavy oil liberation from solid surfaces using biodegradable demulsifiers
- Author
-
Lin He, Hong Sui, Feng Lin, Xingang Li, and Zhenghe Xu
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Waste management ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Solid surface ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,Unconventional oil ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Demulsifier ,Pollution ,Dynamic contact ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,020401 chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Ethyl cellulose ,Asphalt ,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Liberation ,0204 chemical engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Waste Management and Disposal - Abstract
Ethyl cellulose (EC) and EO/PO polymers are known as efficient demulsifiers for breaking oil–water emulsions, which are applied in this study as process aids to enhancing unconventional oil liberation from host rock surfaces. Their applicability in such a role was assessed by studying dynamic contact angle and liberation of bitumen from model solid surfaces. The addition of demulsifiers (EC and/or EO/PO blocked co-polymer, up to 300 ppm) into the solvent-diluted bitumen was found to significantly improve both bitumen liberation rate and ultimate degree of bitumen liberation (DBL) from glass surfaces. This finding suggests the potential combination of oil liberation and demulsification to develop more efficient process for recovering unconventional oils.
- Published
- 2016
36. Modeling the adsorption of PAH mixture in silica nanopores by molecular dynamic simulation combined with machine learning
- Author
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Hong Sui, Daoyi Chen, Xinzhe Zhu, Lin Li, and Guozhong Wu
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Diffusion ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,Molecular Dynamics Simulation ,010501 environmental sciences ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,01 natural sciences ,Machine Learning ,Nanopores ,Adsorption ,Partial least squares regression ,Soil Pollutants ,Environmental Chemistry ,Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Sorption ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Silicon Dioxide ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Pollution ,Partition coefficient ,chemistry ,Volume fraction ,Artificial intelligence ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Carbon ,computer - Abstract
The persistence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated soils is largely controlled by their molecular fate in soil pores. The adsorption and diffusion of 16 PAHs mixture in silica nanopore with diameter of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 nm, respectively, were characterized by adsorption energy, mean square displacement, free surface area and free volume fraction using molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. Results suggested that PAHs adsorption in silica nanopores was associated with diffusion process while competitive sorption was not the dominant mechanism in context of this study. The partial least squares (PLS) regression and machine learning (ML) methods (i.e. support vector regression, M5 decision tree and multilayer perceptrons) were used to correlate the adsorption energy with the pore diameter and PAH properties (number of carbon atoms, aromatic ring number, boiling point, molecular weight, octanol-water partition coefficient, octanol-organic carbon partition coefficient, solvent accessible area, solvent accessible volume and polarization). Results indicated that the PAH adsorption could not be predicted by linear regression as the R(2)Y and Q(2)Y coefficients of PLS analysis was 0.375 and 0.199, respectively. The nonlinearity was well recognized by ML with correlation coefficient up to 0.9. Overall, the combination of MD simulation and ML approaches can assist in interpreting the sequestration of organic contaminants in the soil nanopores.
- Published
- 2016
37. Comparative studies on the properties of glycyrrhetinic acid-loaded PLGA microparticles prepared by emulsion and template methods
- Author
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Kinam Park, Hong Sui, Guangxing Zhang, Yanhua Liu, Wenping Wang, and Hong Wang
- Subjects
Materials science ,Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Nanotechnology ,Pharmaceutical formulation ,Article ,Microspheres ,Lactic acid ,Amorphous solid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,PLGA ,Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer ,X-Ray Diffraction ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Emulsion ,Glycyrrhetinic Acid ,Emulsions ,Lactic Acid ,Particle size ,Particle Size ,Microparticle ,Polyglycolic Acid ,Template method pattern - Abstract
The O/W emulsion method has been widely used for the production of poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microparticles. Recently, a template method has been used to make homogeneous microparticles with predefined size and shape, and shown to be useful in encapsulating different types of active compounds. However, differences between the template method and emulsion method have not been examined. In the current study, PLGA microparticles were prepared by the two methods using glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) as a model drug. The properties of obtained microparticles were characterized and compared on drug distribution, in vitro release, and degradation. An encapsulation efficiency of over 70% and a mean particle size of about 40 μm were found for both methods. DSC thermograms and XRPD diffractograms indicated that GA was highly dispersed or in the amorphous state in the matrix of microparticles. The emulsion method produced microparticles of a broad size distribution with a core–shell type structure and many drug-rich domains inside each microparticle. Its drug release and matrix degradation was slow before Day 50 and then accelerated. In contrast, the template method formed microparticles with narrow size distribution and drug distribution without apparent drug-rich domains. The template microparticles with a loading efficiency of 85% exhibited a zero-order release profile for 3 months after the initial burst release of 26.7%, and a steady surface erosion process as well. The same microparticles made by two different methods showed two distinguished drug release profiles. The two different methods can be supplementary with each other in optimization of drug formulation for achieving predetermined drug release patterns.
- Published
- 2015
38. A novel oxygen-containing demulsifier for efficient breaking of water-in-oil emulsions
- Author
-
Shaoyang Wang, Xingang Li, Hong Sui, Xueying Zhang, Lin He, and Jun Ma
- Subjects
Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Ether ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,medicine.disease ,Demulsifier ,01 natural sciences ,Oxygen ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Polymerization ,Chemical engineering ,Emulsion ,medicine ,Environmental Chemistry ,Dehydration ,0210 nano-technology ,Water in oil ,Asphaltene - Abstract
A novel aliphatic alcohol nonionic polyether (MJTJU-2) has been successfully synthesized by esterification and polymerization. It is found that this new polyether is efficient in fast demulsifying the water-in-oil emulsions, including water-in-diesel emulsion, water-in-crude oil emulsion, water-in-asphalt oil emulsion and water-in-asphaltenes solution emulsion, etc. Take the most stable emulsion (interfacially active asphaltene (IAA)-stabilized emulsions) as an example, almost complete dehydration (>97%) to the emulsions could be achieved in less than 15 min at 60 °C using 400 ppm of MJTJU-2. This demulsification of IAA-stabilized emulsions is much faster than other reported work by traditional or commercial demulsifiers (up to several hours). To comprehensively understand how the MJTJU-2 influence the demulsification efficiency, the operational parameters (e.g., demulsifier dosage, temperature, settling time) have been systematically investigated and optimized. The excellent performance of MJTJU-2 in demulsifying the oil-water emulsions is considered mainly to be ascribed to the rich hydrophilic groups (i.e., hydroxyl, ester groups, carboxyl groups, ether groups) in the demulsifier molecules. These oxygen-containing groups help to break the IAA-formed film at the oil-water interface, which would be replaced by newly formed bonding. These findings suggest that the MJTJU-2 demulsifier would be potential engineering efficient process aids for the demulsification of water-in-oil emulsions.
- Published
- 2020
39. Separation of asphalt from carbonate ore surfaces by reactive extraction: Kinetics and modelling
- Author
-
Jun Ma, Xingang Li, Renzhou Bian, Hong Sui, Lin He, and Guoqiang Ma
- Subjects
Materials science ,Applied Mathematics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Enthalpy ,Kinetics ,Carbonate minerals ,General Chemistry ,engineering.material ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Gibbs free energy ,Chemical kinetics ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,symbols.namesake ,Coating ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Asphalt ,engineering ,symbols ,Carbonate - Abstract
Separation of asphalt from carbonate unconventional ores is a challenge due to the strong interactions between carbonate mineral surfaces and asphalt. Our previous results show that the reactive extraction process performs well in recovering both extra-heavy oil and minerals from carbonate oil ores (RSC Adv. 2019, 9: 14372–14381). Herein, further tests have been conducted to understand the kinetics of the reactive extraction. It is found that the reaction kinetics of carbonate minerals in asphalt rocks is beyond the description of traditional reaction shrinking-core model. This is mainly ascribed to the coating of asphalt on the carbonate mineral surface. To mathematically describe the reaction kinetics, a modified reaction shrinking-core model has been proposed considering the unreacted oil on the mineral surface by adding a coverage coefficient θ in the kinetic model. Results show that this modified shrinking-core kinetic model works well in describing the real reaction (R2 > 0.96) under different conditions. In addition, the thermodynamic properties, including the apparent active energy, enthalpy change, entropy change, Gibbs free energy change, and pre-exponential factor of this reactive extraction process are also determined for this kind of ores. This work would provide a primary insight into predicting the reactive extraction with different kinds of reactive carbonate minerals or other similar oil ores with dissolved minerals.
- Published
- 2020
40. Modelling and process analysis of hybrid hydration–absorption column for ethylene recovery from refinery dry gas
- Author
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Hong Sui, Xiaobo Luo, You Li, Meihong Wang, Chao Chen, and Xingang Li
- Subjects
Chromatography ,Materials science ,Ethylene ,General Chemical Engineering ,Dry gas ,Organic Chemistry ,Oil refinery ,Clathrate hydrate ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Steady State theory ,Refinery ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,chemistry ,Operating temperature ,Chemical engineering ,Water cooling - Abstract
Effective recovery of ethylene from dry gas plays an increasingly important role to improve economic performance of refineries. Conventional approaches such as cryogenic separation and cold oil absorption are energy consuming. Hybrid hydration–absorption (HHA) process may be an effective way as hydrate formation takes place at temperature near the icing point. This paper aims to study the HHA column, which is the heart of the HHA process, through modelling and process analysis. A detailed steady state model was developed in gPROMS® for this vapour–liquid–water–hydrate (V–L–W–H) four phases system. A base case was analysed with real industry data as inputs. The composition distribution profiles inside the column were explored and the key parameters related with kinetics-controlled hydration process were investigated. Three case studies were carried out for different C 2 H 4 concentrations in gas feed, L / G ratios and temperature profiles respectively. The results show (a) the separation performance of CH 4 and C 2 H 4 in the HHA process remains significant for big range of C 2 H 4 feed concentration; (b) L / G ratio has a great impact for hydrate formation and the separation performance of CH 4 and C 2 H 4 improves when L / G ratio increases until reaching an optimal point; and (c) a cooling system is required to draw out the heat generated inside the HHA column so that the operating temperature of each plate can be at the temperature near the icing point to retain hydrate formation. This study indicates that the HHA process may be a more promising approach to recover ethylene from refinery dry gas in future industry application.
- Published
- 2015
41. The optimization and prediction of properties for crude oil blending
- Author
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Hong Sui, Jialei Hou, and Xingang Li
- Subjects
Viscosity ,Important research ,Engineering ,Petroleum engineering ,Compatibility index ,business.industry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Oil refinery ,Compatibility (mechanics) ,Oil transportation ,Crude oil ,business ,Computer Science Applications - Abstract
Research into the properties of mixed crude oils has been the most important research for refineries and oil transportation. Because the desirable nature of mixed crude oils is a powerful guarantee for normal operations and corporate earnings. In this paper, the optimization and prediction model for Shanbei crude oil blending is established. The objectives were to improve the total yield of fractions and the compatibility and to reduce the viscosity of the mixed crude oils. After solving the model, two applicable proportions for mixed crude oils were given. With these proportions, two samples of mixed oils were prepared and distilled. The test results showed that the model was valid. The study of the viscosity and compatibility index was introduced to the optimization model because forecasting those properties in mixed crude oils has a certain significance.
- Published
- 2015
42. Eliashberg analysis of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ intrinsic tunneling spectra
- Author
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Xiao-Hong Sui, H. Tang, Zhao-Bin Su, and Shiyong Zhao
- Subjects
Physics ,Coupling constant ,Josephson effect ,Condensed matter physics ,Doping ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Atmospheric temperature range ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Spectral line ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Condensed Matter::Superconductivity ,Pairing ,Spectral function ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Quantum tunnelling - Abstract
Tunneling spectra of Bi2Sr2CaCu2 O 8 + δ intrinsic Josephson junctions with different doping are analyzed and reproduced using a d-wave Eliashberg formalism in a wide temperature range below T c , from which the pairing glue spectral function α 2 F ( Ω ) composed of a low-energy resonance peak and a high-energy broad spectrum is obtained. As temperature increases toward T c , the resonance peak shows continuous decrease both in energy and in height while the broad spectrum slightly increases in height. The calculated coupling constant demonstrates an important role for pairing by the broad spectrum that originates from spin fluctuations. The gap function extracted from the analysis bears a close resemblance to the recent Hubbard and t–J model simulations. We discuss the limitations of the d-wave Eliashberg approach used in our analysis.
- Published
- 2015
43. Fluidized countercurrent solvent extraction of oil pollutants from contaminated soil. Part 1: Fluid mechanics
- Author
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Hong Li, Hong Sui, Bo Liu, Xingang Li, and Zhongyuan Li
- Subjects
Pressure drop ,Solvent ,Chromatography ,Superficial velocity ,Chemical engineering ,Chemistry ,Countercurrent exchange ,General Chemical Engineering ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Fluid mechanics ,General Chemistry ,Fluidization ,Volumetric flow rate - Abstract
Liquid–solid countercurrent solvent extraction is a potential application way for the removal of oil pollutant from contaminated soil. This study focuses primarily on the fluidization performance of liquid–solid two-phase flow in an extraction column (2.1 m × 50 mm diameter), with the solvent and solid flow rates ranging from 10 to 800 L h−1 and from 8 to 107 kg h−1, respectively. Several key hydrodynamic parameters, including pressure drop, solid holdup, superficial velocity of the solvent and solid, and dimensionless slip velocity, were investigated experimentally. At a given solid flow rate, a uniform axial distribution of solid holdup was observed at low solvent flow rate, whereas the axial solid holdup gradient increased with the solvent flow rate. The appearance of a solid holdup gradient was mainly attributed to the presence of small particles. An operating curve for the soil remediation by countercurrent solvent extraction was obtained according to the critical flow rate of the solvent and solid for predicting the occurrence of flooding and the appearance of the solid holdup gradient.
- Published
- 2015
44. Numerical Simulation of Liquid–Solid Countercurrent Fluidization inside an Extraction Column Based on Particle Trajectory Model
- Author
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Hong Li, Xingang Li, Hong Sui, and Zhongyuan Li
- Subjects
Work (thermodynamics) ,Environmental Engineering ,Materials science ,Computer simulation ,Countercurrent exchange ,Sedimentation (water treatment) ,General Chemical Engineering ,General Chemistry ,Mechanics ,Biochemistry ,Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Particle ,Fluidization ,Trajectory (fluid mechanics) ,Simulation ,Dimensionless quantity - Abstract
The liquid–solid countercurrent fluidization process in an extraction column was numerically simulated based on the particle trajectory model of Eulerian–Lagrangian method. The simulation approach was validated by previous experiments. A power function correlation was proposed for dimensionless slip velocity Uslip/Ut and hold-up fraction ϕ, and the operational zone in the countercurrent fluidization was determined. Simultaneous countercurrent fluidization of particles with different diameters was also simulated. The comparison shows that the simulation results are consistent with the calculation values from the multi-particle free sedimentation model based on non-interference assumption, verifying the reliability of the approach in present work.
- Published
- 2014
45. Ozonation of diesel–fuel contaminated sand and the implications for remediation end-points
- Author
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Tracey Temple, Xingang Li, Frederic Coulon, Xingtao Cao, Guozhong Wu, and Hong Sui
- Subjects
Time Factors ,Environmental Engineering ,Ozone ,Environmental remediation ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Carboxylic acid ,Carboxylic Acids ,Formaldehyde ,Diesel fuel ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Alkanes ,Soil Pollutants ,Environmental Chemistry ,Organic chemistry ,Water content ,Environmental Restoration and Remediation ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Water ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Silicon Dioxide ,Pollution ,Grain size ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,Degradation (geology) ,Gasoline - Abstract
In this study, we investigate specifically the influence of soil grain size and water content on the degradation of n-alkane fractions and the formation of aldehydes and carboxylic acid during ozonation. 15 g of quartz sand spiked with diesel (25 g kg(-1)) were exposed to ozone for 20 h at concentrations of 10, 30 and 50 mg L(-1), respectively. Results indicated that ozonation of the n-alkanes in fine grain size sand (0.15-0.25 mm) was 1.2 times faster than coarse sand due to higher surface contact area between O3 and sand particles. Soil moisture below 18% w/w did not influence the ozonation efficiency. In contrast the ozonation led to an increase of acidity of the sand samples (pH=3.0) after 20 h treatment. This was due to the formation of carboxylic acid. Formaldehyde, one of the key by-products of ozonation, was always
- Published
- 2014
46. A Novel SiC Foam Valve Tray for Distillation Columns
- Author
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Jinsong Zhang, Xin Gao, Hong Sui, Chong Tian, Hong Li, Zhenming Yang, Luhong Zhang, Xingang Li, and Xuekuan Liu
- Subjects
Entrainment (hydrodynamics) ,Pressure drop ,Environmental Engineering ,Materials science ,Chromatography ,Atmospheric pressure ,General Chemical Engineering ,General Chemistry ,Plate column ,Biochemistry ,law.invention ,Tray ,law ,Mass transfer ,Specific surface area ,Composite material ,Distillation - Abstract
The novel SiC foam valve tray was made of thin slices of SiC foam material with a high specific surface area. Hydrodynamic performances of the novel SiC foam valve tray were studied with air-water system at atmospheric pressure. These performance parameters included pressure drop, entrainment, weeping and clear liquid height. The mass transfer efficiency of the SiC foam valve tray was measured in laboratory plate column. Compared with the F1 float valve tray, the dry pressure drop was decreased about 25%, the entrainment rate was about 70% lower at high gas load, the weeping was much better, and the mass transfer efficiency was far higher. Thus, the overall performance of the novel SiC foam valve tray was better than that of F1 float valve tray.
- Published
- 2013
47. Machine learning models for predicting PAHs bioavailability in compost amended soils
- Author
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Guozhong Wu, Simon J. T. Pollard, Cedric Kechavarzi, Hong Sui, Xingang Li, Frederic Coulon, and Shaomin Wu
- Subjects
Pollutant ,Compost ,Environmental remediation ,business.industry ,General Chemical Engineering ,General Chemistry ,engineering.material ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Cross-validation ,Bioavailability ,Environmental chemistry ,Linear regression ,Soil water ,engineering ,Environmental Chemistry ,Environmental science ,Artificial intelligence ,Microcosm ,business ,computer - Abstract
Compost addition to polluted soils is a strategy for waste reuse and soil remediation, while bioavailability is a key parameter for environmental assessment. Empirical data from an 8-month microcosm experiment were used to assess the ability and performance of six machine learning (ML) models to predict temporal bioavailability changes of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated soils amended with compost. The models included multilayer perceptrons (MLPs), radial basis function (RBF), support vector regression (SVR), M5 model tree (M5P), M5 rule (M5R) and linear regression (LR). Overall, the performance of the six models, determined by 10-fold cross validation method, was ranked as follows: RBF > M5P > SVR > MLP > M5R > LR. Results further demonstrated that the ML models successfully identified the relative importance of each variable (i.e. incubation time, organic carbon content, soil moisture content, nutrient levels) on the temporal bioavailability change of individual PAH. Such models can potentially be useful for predicting the concentration of a wide range of pollutants in soils, which could contribute to reduce chemical monitoring at site and help decision making for remediation end points and risk assessment.
- Published
- 2013
48. Influence of mature compost amendment on total and bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in contaminated soils
- Author
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Frederic Coulon, Guozhong Wu, Hong Sui, Simon J. T. Pollard, Xingang Li, and Cedric Kechavarzi
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Environmental remediation ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Amendment ,engineering.material ,complex mixtures ,Soil ,polycyclic compounds ,medicine ,Soil Pollutants ,Environmental Chemistry ,Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ,Coal tar ,Environmental Restoration and Remediation ,Soil Microbiology ,Compost ,Chemistry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Soil classification ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Pollution ,Bioavailability ,Green waste ,Biodegradation, Environmental ,Environmental chemistry ,Soil water ,engineering ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A laboratory microcosm study was carried out to assess the influence of compost amendment on the degradation and bioavailability of PAHs in contaminated soils. Three soils, contaminated with diesel, coal ash and coal tar, respectively, were amended with two composts made from contrasting feedstock (green waste and predominantly meat waste) at two different rates (250 and 750 t ha(-1)) and incubated for 8 months. During this period the treatments were sampled for PAH analysis after 0, 3, 6 and 8 months. Total and bioavailable fractions were obtained by sequential ultrasonic solvent extraction and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin extraction, respectively, and PAHs were identified and quantified by GC-MS. Bioavailability decrease due to sorption was only observed at the first 3 months in the diesel spiked soil. After 8 months, compost addition resulted in over 90% loss of total PAHs irrespective of soil types. Desorption and degradation contributed to 30% and 70%, respectively, of the PAH loss in the spiked soil, while PAH loss in the other two soils resulted from 40% enhanced desorption and 60% enhanced degradation. Compost type and application rates had little influence on PAH bioavailability, but higher PAH removal was observed at higher initial concentration during the early stage of incubation. The bioavailable fraction of PAH was inversely correlated to the number of benzene rings and the octanol-water partition coefficient. Further degradation was not likely after 8-month although over 30% of the residual PAHs were bioavailable, which highlighted the application of bioavailability concept during remediation activities.
- Published
- 2013
49. Computational fluid dynamics simulations of direct contact heat and mass transfer of a multicomponent two-phase film flow in an inclined channel at sub-atmospheric pressure
- Author
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Xiaoti Cui, Hong Sui, Xingang Li, and Hong Li
- Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,Materials science ,Atmospheric pressure ,Thermodynamic equilibrium ,business.industry ,Turbulence ,Mechanical Engineering ,Thermodynamics ,Computational fluid dynamics ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Hydrocarbon mixtures ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Mass transfer ,Volume of fluid method ,Binary system ,business - Abstract
A method for simultaneous heat and multicomponent mass transfer incorporated with the volume of fluid surface tracking method was developed in a two-dimensional inclined channel. The process in the channel includes direct contact condensation of hydrocarbon mixtures with and without noncondensable gas, and distillation effect is also considered. Interfacial transport was performed by a multicomponent phase change model in kinetic forms considering the assumption of thermodynamic equilibrium at the vapor–liquid or vapor/gas–liquid interface using Peng–Robinson equations. The shear-stress transport k – ω turbulence model damped near the vapor–liquid or vapor/gas–liquid interface was used. The hydrocarbon mixtures in both phases were described by five pseudo-components, and Stefan–Maxwell equations were used to describe diffusional interactions in the multicomponent system. Parametric studies were performed to investigate further the model with various boundary conditions. Simulations for a binary system were also performed for a preliminary validation. For the liquid phase, similar trends of the Sherwood numbers were found between the results by simulations and predicted by the Penetration Theory. For the vapor phase, good agreement was observed between the results by empirical correlation and simulations.
- Published
- 2012
50. Solvent extraction for heavy crude oil removal from contaminated soils
- Author
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Guozhong Wu, Hong Li, Xingang Li, Hong Sui, Zhongyuan Li, and Yongliang Du
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,complex mixtures ,Acetone ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Hexanes ,Soil Pollutants ,Environmental Chemistry ,Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ,Environmental Restoration and Remediation ,Pollutant ,Chromatography ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Contamination ,Pollution ,Solvent ,Hexane ,Petroleum ,chemistry ,Soil water ,Solvents - Abstract
A new strategy of heavy crude oil removal from contaminated soils was studied. The hexane-acetone solvent mixture was used to investigate the ability of solvent extraction technique for cleaning up soils under various extraction conditions. The mixtures of hexane and acetone (25 vol%) were demonstrated to be the most effective in removing petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated soils and approx 90% of saturates, naphthene aromatics, polar aromatics, and 60% of nC(7)-asphaltenes were removed. Kinetic experiments demonstrated that the equilibrium was reached in 5 min and the majority of the oil pollutants were removed within 0.5 min. The effect of the ratio between solvent and soil on the extraction efficiency was also studied and results showed that the efficiency would increase following the higher solvent soil ratio. Then the multistage continuous extraction was considered to enhance the removal efficiency of oil pollutants. Three stages crosscurrent and countercurrent solvent extraction with the solvent soil ratio 6:1 removed 97% oil contaminants from soil. Clearly the results showed that the mixed-solvent of hexane and acetone (25 vol%) with character of low-toxic, acceptable cost and high efficiency was promising in solvent extraction to remove heavy oil fractions as well as petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated soils.
- Published
- 2012
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