1. RACK1 cooperates with NRAS to promote melanoma in vivo
- Author
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Jean-Jacques Panthier, Emmanuelle Bourneuf, Jordi Estellé, Geneviève Aubin-Houzelstein, M.E. Picco, Florence Bernex, Cécile Campagne, Edouard Reyes-Gomez, P. Lopez-Bergami, P. Salaun, J. Ezagal, P.H. Commère, Giorgia Egidy, S. Loiodice, Stéphanie Pons, Diane Esquerre, and Uwe Maskos
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,MAPK/ERK pathway ,Cell signaling ,biology ,Melanoma ,Cellular differentiation ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,biology.protein ,STAT protein ,Cancer research ,medicine ,Signal transduction ,STAT3 ,neoplasms ,Protein kinase B - Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer. RACK1 (Receptor for activated protein kinase C) protein was proposed as a biological marker of melanoma in human and domestic animal species harboring spontaneous melanomas. As a scaffold protein, RACK1 is able to coordinate the interaction of key signaling molecules implicated in both physiological cellular functions and tumorigenesis. A role for RACK1 in rewiring ERK and JNK signaling pathways in melanoma cell lines had been proposed. Here, we used a genetic approach to test this hypothesis in vivo in the mouse. We show that Rack1 knock-down in the mouse melanoma cell line B16 reduces invasiveness and induces cell differentiation. We have developed the first mouse model for RACK1 gain of function, Tyr::Rack1-HA transgenic mice, targeting RACK1 to melanocytes in vivo. RACK1 overexpression was not sufficient to initiate melanomas despite activated ERK and AKT. However, in a context of melanoma predisposition, RACK1 overexpression reduced latency and increased incidence and metastatic rate. In primary melanoma cells from Tyr::Rack1-HA, Tyr::NRasQ61K mice, activated JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and activated STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) acted as RACK1 oncogenic partners in tumoral progression. A sequential and coordinated activation of ERK, JNK and STAT3 with RACK1 is shown to accelerate aggressive melanoma development in vivo.
- Published
- 2017
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