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The history of Spicaria rileyi (Farlow) Charles and Spicaria prasina (Maub.) Sawada is discussed. The genus Nomuraea is resurrected and Spicaria rileyi is transferred to that genus. Spicaria prasina is placed in synonomy with Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson.

High pupal mortality experienced during laboratory rearing of Biosteres longicaudatus , a parasitoid of the Caribbean fruit fly Anastrepha suspensa was attributed primarily to the action of two species of opportunistic pathogens, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . These bacteria were best able to overwhelm both parasitized and nonparasitized fly larvae and pupae when they were subjected to thermal stress (rearing temperatures >30°C). Methenamine mandelate chemotherapy had no prophylactic effect, but potentially deleterious side effects (aberrant fly premating sounds) were caused by incorporation of this antibiotic in the A. suspensa larval rearing medium. Control was effected by optimizing the cultural conditions rather than by the use of antibiotics.

Burenella dimorpha infects the tropical fire ant, Solenopsis geminata , producing two morphologically distinct types of spores. A binucleate, nonpansporoblast membrane-bounded (NPMB) spore develops in and destroys the hypodermis, rupturing the cuticle in the pupal stage. A uninucleate, pansporoblast membrane-bounded (PMB) spore develops in the fat body. Adult ants cannibalize ruptured pupae but do not ingest spores. Instead, the spores and particulate foods are diverted to the infrabuccal cavity, formed into an infrabuccal pellet, and fed to fourth-instar larvae only. This larval instar is the only stage in the life cycle of S. geminata that is vulnerable to infection. NPMB spores are infective, but PMB spores do not extrude their polar filaments in the larval gut and are expelled in the meconium upon pupation.

A new species of Microsporida, Thelohania solenopsae , is described from the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta . The Thelohania infections are localized in the fat body of workers. Meronts causing infections of progeny are found in the ovaries of queens. Spores occur only in adult ants and only vegetative stages are present in larvae and pupae. Both uninucleate octospores (eight spores within a pansporoblast membrane) and binucleate free spores (spores developing in isolation) are formed.

A randomized small plot test was used to compare the effectiveness of a nuclear-polyhedrosis virus and toxaphene-DDT, a standard insecticide for Heliothis control on cotton. There was no significant difference in Heliothis control between the four virus treatments of 1.2 × 10 11 , 3.0 × 10 11 , 6.0 × 10 11 , and 18.0 × 10 11 polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIB)/acre. All four virus treatments compared favorably with the insecticide in controlling Heliothis zea or Heliothis virescens on cotton.

A second work conference was called by the Organization Committee for Future Meetings to discuss and review the present status of research, registration, and standardization of the nuclear-polyhedrosis virus of Heliothis . The meeting was sponsored by the Department of Entomology and held on the campus of Mississippi State University on March 29 and 30, 1967. Attending were 51 persons from the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Drug Administration, private industries, several university and State experiment stations, and consulting entomologists.