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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to atherosclerosis is the leading cause of early mortality and morbidity. The current European guidelines on CVD prevention in clinical practice recommend the use of the Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation (SCORE) system. The current American Heart Association guidelines recommend the use of the new pooled cohort risk assessment equations to estimate the 10-year atherosclerotic CVD risk. The purpose of this article was to investigate the compliance of dyslipidemia guidelines in daily practice in patients with dyslipidemia or who have risk factors for CVD.The study group consisted of 500 outpatients who had dyslipidemia or risk factors for CVD. The risk level was computed according to the European and American Heart Association guidelines. Therapeutic LDL-C targets were identified based on the calculated risk level. Therapeutic target levels were compared based on the dosage of statins used and achievement of the LDL-C goal in daily practice according to the risk levels.According to the European dyslipidemia guidelines, 231 patients were in the very-high/high-risk group, and 106 patients (45.9%) achieved the LDL-C target (100 mg/dL); 210 patients were in the moderate-risk group, and 156 (74.3%) patients achieved the LDL-C target (115 mg/dL); and 59 patients were in the low-risk group, and 55 (93.2%) patients achieved the LDL-C target (155 mg/dL). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the LDL-C level and presence of coronary artery disease were significantly reverse associated with achievement of the LDL-C goal (both, P 0.001).Our results showed that the majority of patients were in the very-high/high-risk group in daily practice. Although the European dyslipidemia guidelines are more likely to be used in daily practice, achievement of the guidelines-recommended treatment goals was low.

The structural elucidation and syntheses methods of new peripherally tetra-substituted MPcs [CuII (6), CoII (7), MnCIIII (8), and NiII (9) phthalocyanines] carrying 4-methyl-N-(3-morpholinopropyl)benzenesulfonamide moieties were reported in the present study. The corroboration of the prepared compounds (3, 5, and 6 to 9) was made by LC–TOF/MS, UV–Vis, Fourier Infrared, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MALDI–TOF mass spectral data. Herein, we submit a new procedure that uses metallophthalocyanine complexes for the first time as spectrofluorimetric agents to detect and determine health-threatening food additive, Sudan II dye, with a new simpler, cheaper, and faster spectrofluorimetric method instead of time-consuming and expensive HPLC processes. Furthermore, the sensitivities of the proposed methods are good enough to determine the amount of dye at a concentration of 0.1 mg/L. The methods have LOD values between 0.035 and 0.050 mg/L. The linear ranges are found to be between 0 and 8.3 mg/L. The precision of the methods is determined to be between 1.1 and 2.4 as % RSD. Therefore, this study would make a good contribution to the food industry and phthalocyanine chemistry by detecting and determining the hazardous food colorant Sudan II with metal phthalocyanines.

Unmetallated (4) and metallated (zinc(II), cobalt(II), lead(II)) phthalocyanines (5–7) carrying four 4-(4-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenoxy) groups on the peripheral positions were synthesized by cyclotetramerization of 4-(4-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenoxy)phthalonitrile (3) in the presence of corresponding metal salts (zinc(II) acetate, cobalt(II) chloride, lead(II) oxide) for metallated and without any metal for unmetallated phthalocyanines. The obtained organo-soluble phthalocyanines were characterized by infrared, electronic absorption, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectral techniques and elemental analysis as well. The photophysical and photochemical properties of newly synthesized tetra-substituted unmetallated (4), zinc(II) (5) and lead(II) (7) phthalocyanines were reported in N,N-dimetilformamid (DMF). The synthesized phthalocyanine compound 6 was not evaluated for photophysical and photochemical studies due to open shell and paramagnetic behavior of cobalt(II) metal ions in the phthalocyanine cavity.

Sahin, Onur/0000-0003-3765-3235 WOS: 000336342100010 The title compounds of 4-Amino-3-(ethyl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole (I, C10H11ClN4) and 4-Amino-3-cyclopropyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl-acetic acid ethyl ester (II, C9H14N4O3), have been determined using X-ray diffraction techniques and characterized by IR, H-1 NMR and C-13 NMR. X-ray study shows that the title compounds both have strong intermolecular N-H center dot center dot center dot N hydrogen bonds. The molecules of! are linked into a two-dimensional framework structure by N-H center dot center dot center dot N and C-H center dot center dot center dot N hydrogen bonds which produce R-2(2)(8)R-4(4)(14)R-4(4)(15) chain of rings, while in II, the combination of N-H center dot center dot center dot N, N-H center dot center dot center dot O and C-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds along [100] generates a chain of edge-fused R-2(2)(10)R-2(2)(16)R-4(2)(14)R-4(4)(14) rings. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

WOS: 000232237000001 1,4-Bis[N-(2-tolylsulphonylaminoethyl)]-1,4-diazacyclohexane bridged metal-free and metal phthalocyanine polymers were prepared. The metal-free phthalocyanine polymer was obtained by the reaction of 4,4'-[2,2'-(piperidine-1.4-diyldiethylene)di(tosylimino)ldiphthalonitrile with hydroquinone. The chloride derivatives of Cu(I), Ni(II) and Co(II) were employed in order to synthesize the corresponding metal-phthalocyanine polymers. Zn(CH3CO2)2 was used for the preparation of the zincphthalocyanine polymer. For the preparation of the Co-containing polymer, ammonium molybdate had to be added as catalyst. The new polymers have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, NMR, UV-VIS and DTA. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.