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Background Bladder cancer (BC) is a frequent cancer with high morbidity and mortality. Method We assessed expression of NMP22, BAG3, BCL2 and BAX in BC samples, adjacent non-neoplastic tissues (ANNTs), urinary cell pellets (UCP) of the same patients and non-malignant conditions (NM). Results NMP22 was up-regulated in tumoral tissues compared with ANNTs and in UCP of BC patients compared with UCP of NM. BCL2 and BAX were down-regulated in BC tissues compared with ANNTs. BAG3 and BAX were down-regulated in UCP of BC compared with NM. The combination of all four genes had 100% sensitivity and specificity for detection of BC in urine. Conclusion Expression analysis of these genes in tumor or urine is a tool for detection of BC.

Testis specific protein 10 (TSGA10) is expressed in normal adult testis and has been suggested to be involved in the normal function of sperms. Tsga10 expression has a role in the protection of spermatozoa and enhancement of male fertility. This gene has a number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In the current study, we genotyped rs3811553, rs200902126 and rs17852533 in 156 fertile men, 150 oligospermic and 150 azoospermic men using PCR-RFLP method. The genotyping showed that all assessed individuals were homozygote for wild type allele of both rs3811553 and rs200902126. In the case of the rs17852533, although we found the three genotypes in the studied individuals, there was no significant difference in distribution of these genotypes between the study groups. The current study shows insignificance of these SNPs in male infertility. However, future studies in larger sample sizes are needed to reach conclusive results.