1. How to maintain active zone integrity during high-frequency transmission
- Author
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Igor Delvendahl, Niklas Byczkowicz, Andreas Ritzau-Jost, Stefan Hallermann, University of Zurich, and Hallermann, Stefan
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Presynaptic Terminals ,Neurotransmission ,Synaptic Transmission ,Synaptic vesicle ,Exocytosis ,Synapse ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Postsynaptic potential ,Animals ,Active zone ,Neurotransmitter ,Neurons ,General Neuroscience ,Calcium channel ,2800 General Neuroscience ,General Medicine ,10124 Institute of Molecular Life Sciences ,Endocytosis ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Synapses ,Biophysics ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,Calcium Channels ,Synaptic Vesicles ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
In the central nervous system, the frequency at which reliable synaptic transmission can be maintained varies strongly between different types of synapses. Several pre- and postsynaptic processes must interact to enable high-frequency synaptic transmission. One of the mechanistically most challenging issues arises during repetitive neurotransmitter release, when synaptic vesicles fuse in rapid sequence with the presynaptic plasma membrane within the active zone (AZ), potentially interfering with the structural integrity of the AZ itself. Here we summarize potential mechanisms that help to maintain AZ integrity, including arrangement and mobility of release sites, calcium channel mobility, as well as release site clearance via lateral diffusion of vesicular proteins and via endocytotic membrane retrieval. We discuss how different types of synapses use these strategies to maintain high-frequency synaptic transmission.
- Published
- 2018
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