1. Three-dimensional evaluation of soft-tissue response to osseous movement after orthognathic surgery in patients with facial asymmetry: A systematic review
- Author
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Deepal Haresh Ajmera, Yiu Yan Leung, Min Gu, and Pradeep Singh
- Subjects
medicine.medical_treatment ,MEDLINE ,Orthognathic surgery ,Cochrane Library ,Facial Bones ,Soft Tissue Response ,03 medical and health sciences ,Imaging, Three-Dimensional ,0302 clinical medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,In patient ,Prospective Studies ,Orthodontics ,Orthognathic Surgical Procedures ,business.industry ,Orthognathic Surgery ,Soft tissue ,030206 dentistry ,Evidence-based medicine ,Facial Asymmetry ,Otorhinolaryngology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Surgery ,Oral Surgery ,business ,Facial symmetry - Abstract
Objectives To systematically assess the current literature on soft tissue response associated with osseous movement following orthognathic surgery in patients with facial asymmetry. Methods Six electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE (via Ovid), Medline (via Ovid), Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched for studies evaluating hard and soft tissue response 3-dimensionally after orthognathic surgery and gray literature using MeSH terms and keywords. The methodological quality and level of evidence of the included studies were analyzed using EPHPP and GRADE, respectively. Results The primary search yielded 125 articles, and 10 articles that satisfied the predefined inclusion criteria were finally included. All the included articles evaluated soft tissue response, whereas six of them additionally investigated the magnitude of the soft tissue response. Soft tissues move with hard tissues horizontally and anteroposteriorly; however, soft tissue movement is less than hard tissue movement. In addition, soft tissue movement is more pronounced in the lower facial central region. Six articles were judged as having “strong” methodological quality, and the evidence was found to be of “low” quality for the soft tissue response and magnitude of the response. Conclusion Despite a low level of evidence, the present review substantiates a favorable 3dimensional soft tissue response following osseous surgery. The soft tissue response is more pronounced horizontally, antero-posteriorly and in the lower central facial region. Nevertheless, well-designed prospective studies with a higher level of evidence are needed.
- Published
- 2021
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