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Start Over Descriptor "BIOCHEMISTRY" Publisher elsevier bv
1,076,603 results on '"BIOCHEMISTRY"'

1. Health risks from exposure to chemicals in clothing - Non-regulated halogenated aromatic compounds

Author

Carlsson, Josefine, Dostberg, Awat, Åström, Tim, Matyjasiak, Julia, Kallin, Anders, Juric, Sanja, Nilsson, Ulrika, Carlsson, Josefine, Dostberg, Awat, Åström, Tim, Matyjasiak, Julia, Kallin, Anders, Juric, Sanja, and Nilsson, Ulrika

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to investigate some commonly detected halogenated textile pollutants for their bioavailability and hazardous properties. Release into artificial sweat and skin absorption in vitro were examined as well as mutagenic effects by Ames test, and skin-sensitizing properties from a peptide reactivity assay combined with a cell test. All investigated compounds were shown to migrate from the textile into sweat and be absorbed by the skin, although to a different extent. The experimental values for migration were found to be up to 390 times higher compared to literature values. Two of the studied compounds, 2,5-dinitrochlorobenzene and 3,5-dinitrobromobenzene, both exhibited mutagenic effects in the Ames test, while both 2,5-dinitrochlorobenzene and 2,6-dichlorobenzene-1,4-diamine were classified as skin sensitizers. The allergenic reactivity of the latter was found to be due to an oxidized transformation product. Risks for the induction of skin allergy and other non-carcinogenic effects from dermal exposure to the individual compounds were found low, even when considering clothing with the highest reported levels. However, the complex mixtures of chemicals often present in garments may still constitute a health risk, especially when considering the many hours of daily exposure. It is important to further study the toxicity of other frequently occurring chemicals as well as the synergistic effects of chemicals that co-occur in clothing., The authors thank the following funding agencies for financial support: Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research (MISTRA SafeChem, project number 2018/11) and the Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development (Formas, Grant No: 2021-01540).

Published
2024
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2. Intermittent actuation attenuates fibrotic behaviour of myofibroblasts

Author

Ward, Niamh A., Hanley, Shirley, Tarpey, Ruth, Schreiber, Lucien H.J., O'Dwyer, Joanne, Roche, Ellen T., Duffy, Garry P., Dolan, Eimear B., Ward, Niamh A., Hanley, Shirley, Tarpey, Ruth, Schreiber, Lucien H.J., O'Dwyer, Joanne, Roche, Ellen T., Duffy, Garry P., and Dolan, Eimear B.

Abstract

The foreign body response (FBR) to implanted materials culminates in the deposition of a hypo-permeable, collagen rich fibrotic capsule by myofibroblast cells at the implant site. The fibrotic capsule can be deleterious to the function of some medical implants as it can isolate the implant from the host environment. Modulation of fibrotic capsule formation has been achieved using intermittent actuation of drug delivery implants, however the mechanisms underlying this response are not well understood. Here, we use analytical, computational, and in vitro models to understand the response of human myofibroblasts (WPMY-1 stromal cell line) to intermittent actuation using soft robotics and investigate how actuation can alter the secretion of collagen and pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines by these cells. Our findings suggest that there is a mechanical loading threshold that can modulate the fibrotic behaviour of myofibroblasts, by reducing the secretion of soluble collagen, transforming growth factor beta-1 and interleukin 1-beta, and upregulating the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10. By improving our understanding of how cells involved in the FBR respond to mechanical actuation, we can harness this technology to improve functional outcomes for a wide range of implanted medical device applications including drug delivery and cell encapsulation platforms. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A major barrier to the successful clinical translation of many implantable medical devices is the foreign body response (FBR) and resultant deposition of a hypo-permeable fibrotic capsule (FC) around the implant. Perturbation of the implant site using intermittent actuation (IA) of soft-robotic implants has previously been shown to modulate the FBR and reduce FC thickness. However, the mechanisms of action underlying this response were largely unknown. Here, we investigate how IA can alter the activity of myofibroblast cells, and ultimately suggest that there is a mechanical loading threshold with

Published
2024

18. Abnormal expression of MAPK14-related lncRNAs in the peripheral blood of patients with multiple sclerosis

Author

Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard, Mahdi Gholipour, Solat Eslami, Bashdar Mahmud Hussen, Mohammad Taheri, Mohammad Samadian, and Mir Davood Omrani

Subjects
Biochemistry (medical), Genetics, Original Research Article, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Contribution of MAPK14 in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been proposed by several studies. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) have been suggested to be functionally linked with Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14). METHODS: Expression levels of MAPK14 and its associated lncRNAs were measured in the circulation of MS patients compared with control subjects. RESULTS: Expression levels of NORAD and RAD51-AS1 were higher in total patients compared with controls (Expression ratio (95% CI) = 1.4 (1.04–1.89), P value = 0.015 and Expression ratio (95% CI) = 1.91 (1.43–2.6), P value = 0.0001, respectively). Conversely, ZNRD1ASP was under-expressed in cases compared with controls (Expression ratio (95% CI) = 0.61 (0.41–0.8), P value = 0.0005). In spite of the observed abnormal expression levels of these lncRNAs in the circulation of MS patients, their expressions were not correlated with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, disease duration or age at disease onset. CONCLUSION: To sum up, the current investigation shows dysregulation of MAPK14-related lncRNAs in MS patients.

Published
2023
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20. Identification of novel Zika virus NS3 protease inhibitors with different inhibition modes by integrative experimental and computational approaches

Author

Milene Aparecida Andrade, Melina Mottin, Bruna K.de P. Sousa, João Alexandre Ribeiro Gonçalves Barbosa, Clênia dos Santos Azevedo, Camila Lasse Silva, Marina Gonçalves de Andrade, Flávia Nader Motta, Christine Maulay-Bailly, Séverine Amand, Jaime Martins de Santana, Carolina Horta Andrade, Philippe Grellier, and Izabela M.D. Bastos

Subjects
General Medicine, Biochemistry
Published
2023
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29. Emerging functions and clinical applications of exosomal microRNAs in diseases

Author

Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard, Hamed Shoorei, Peixin Dong, Yadollah Poornajaf, Bashdar Mahmud Hussen, Mohammad Taheri, and Nader Akbari Dilmaghani

Subjects
Exosome, Gastrointestinal disorders, Biochemistry (medical), Genetics, Cardiovascular disorders, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Neurological disorders, miRNA, Cancer
Abstract

Exosomes are an important group of extracellular vesicles that transfer several kinds of biomolecules and facilitate cell-cell communication. The content of exosomes, particularly the amounts of microRNA (miRNAs) inside these vesicles, demonstrates a disease-specific pattern reflecting pathogenic processes and may be employed as a diagnostic and prognostic marker. miRNAs may enter recipient cells through exosomes and generate a RISC complex that can cause degradation of the target mRNAs or block translation of their corresponding proteins. Therefore, exosome-derived miRNAs constitute an important mechanism of gene regulation in recipient cells. The miRNA content of exosomes can be used as an important tool in the detection of diverse disorders, particularly cancers. This research field has an important situation in cancer diagnosis. In addition, exosomal microRNAs offer a great deal of promise in the treatment of human disorders. However, there are still certain challenges to be resolved. The most important challenges are as follow: the detection of exosomal miRNAs should be standardized, exosomal miRNAs-associated studies should be conducted in large number of clinical samples, and experiment settings and detection criteria should be consistent across different labs. The goal of this article is to present an overview of the effects of exosome-derived microRNAs on a variety of diseases, including gastrointestinal, pulmonary, neurological, and cardiovascular diseases, with a particular emphasis on malignancies.

Published
2023
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