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6. Real time power management strategy for hybrid energy storage systems coupled with variable energy sources in power smoothing applications

Author

Dario Pelosi, Linda Barelli, Gianni Bidini, P.A. Ottaviano, Dana-Alexandra Ciupageanu, and Andrea Micangeli

Subjects
Power management, Computer science, 020209 energy, Battery,Flywheel,Hybrid energy storage system,Power Smoothing,Wind power, Battery, 02 engineering and technology, Energy storage, Electric power system, Simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation, 020401 chemical engineering, Control theory, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0204 chemical engineering, Power Smoothing, Wind power, business.industry, Hybrid energy storage system, Flywheel, TK1-9971, Power (physics), Renewable energy, General Energy, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, business, Energy source
Abstract

As the renewable energy sources (RES) production is strongly influenced by multiple geographic factors and highly variable, the need for both energy storage integration and robust real-time power management strategies development is obvious. Wind power represents the largest generating capacity among RES, being at the same time the most fluctuant. The capability to overcome the great disadvantage of wind power variability supports rising its penetration while preserving current operation modes of power systems, so new fashions to achieve this target are of great interest. This paper aims to prove the robustness of a recently introduced power management strategy, able to operate in online conditions, based on simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) algorithm. To this regard, two different real datasets for wind power profiles with different statistical features are employed. The power management strategy is implemented on a hybrid energy storage system comprising a battery and a flywheel, modeled in Simulink/Matlab. The objectives of the proposed strategy are to reduce the instantaneous power ramp of the profile injected to the grid while smoothening the power profile exchanged by the battery in order to preserve it. Simulations are performed in representative conditions selected on statistical basis. It is demonstrated that the SPSA based power management achieves similar performances in all simulation conditions, proving to be robust. As a performance indicator, the reduction of the power ramp in reference to the 90% CDF threshold is evaluated. It is remarked as an 80% power ramp reduction is obtained towards the grid in both sites. Moreover, the further target is achieved in terms of battery lifetime extension; specifically, the fluctuation of the power profile exchanged by the battery is smoothed by 63% in the first site and 48% in the second, with respect to the flywheel one.

Published
2021
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10. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Executive summary

Author

J. Schlieber, P. Druwe, Fernando Rosell-Ortiz, D. Meyran, N. De Lucas, A.B. te Pas, Robert Greif, J. Madar, A. Boccuzzi, Kirstie L. Haywood, Jana Djakow, E. Goemans, Jonathan Wyllie, W. Renier, Patrick Van de Voorde, Carsten Lott, Tobias Cronberg, Koenraad G. Monsieurs, A. Cariou, Pierre Carli, Therese Djärv, V. Borra, Siobhán Masterson, L. Sanchez Santos, I. Lulic, E. Oliver, Theresa M. Olasveengen, David Zideman, G. Eldin, Giuseppe Ristagno, S. Akin, C. D. Cimpoesu, E. M. Singletary, Spyridon Mentzelopoulos, Joyce Yeung, A. Barelli, D. Hendrickx, G. D. Perkins, Berndt Urlesberger, Lucas Pflanzl-Knizacek, J. K. Heltne, Leo Bossaert, Andrea Scapigliati, L. Bossaert, H. van Grootven, Gavin D. Perkins, Sean Ainsworth, Ferenc Sari, Tomasz Szczapa, K. Pitches, Gamal Eldin Abbas Khalifa, B. Dirks, Dominic Wilkinson, P. Cassan, Jan Wnent, Charles Christoph Roehr, Johan Herlitz, A. de Roovere, Abel Martinez-Mejias, J. Delchef, Florian Hoffmann, M. Blom, J. Koppl, J. Soar, Keith Couper, Artem Kuzovlev, Marios Georgiou, A. Truhlar, Federico Semeraro, G. Trummer, R. Burkart, Mario Rüdiger, V. R. M. Moulaert, John Madar, Jan-Thorsen Gräsner, W. Behringer, R. Greif, C. Clarens, Spyros D. Mentzelopoulos, Torsten Lauritsen, A. Alfonzo, Freddy Lippert, Hildigunnur Svavarsdóttir, Markus B. Skrifvars, Koen Monsieurs, B. Bein, Tommaso Pellis, Maaret Castren, H. Friberg, Jan Breckwoldt, U. Kreimeier, Charles D. Deakin, Christiane Skåre, Nikolaos I. Nikolaou, S. Hunyadi Anticevic, J. P. Nolan, Anthony J. Handley, F. Taccone, S. Schilder, Jerry P. Nolan, Janusz Andres, A. Safri, O. Brissaud, Hege Langli Ersdal, Peter Paal, B. Klaassen, Karl-Christian Thies, Dominique Biarent, D. A. Zideman, Gisela Lilja, J.T. Graesner, Sebastian Schnaubelt, P. Van de Voorde, Ian Maconochie, Violetta Raffay, Michael Smyth, P. Gradisek, C. Lott, C. Genbrugge, Salma Shammet, Daniele Trevisanuto, Violeta González-Salvado, H. Svavarsdottir, N. M. Turner, M. Tageldin Mustafa, Ingvild Tjelmeland, Patricia Conaghan, T. Christophides, Colin J Morley, J. Vaahersalo, M. Baubin, Kurtis Poole, Claudio Sandroni, N. Mpotos, Jasmeet Soar, Bernd W. Böttiger, S. Attard Montalto, Jochen Hinkelbein, M. Maas, Robert Bingham, C. Hassager, T. M. Olasveengen, Francesc Carmona, Groa Bjork Johannesdottir, Andy Lockey, E. De Buck, and European Resuscitation Council Gui

Subjects
Adult, Resuscitation, medicine.medical_treatment, education, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Emergency Nursing, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, resuscitation, guidelines, summary, Nursing, First Aid, Humans, Medicine, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, 610 Medicine & health, Child, Executive summary, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Basic life support, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Heart Arrest, Advanced life support, Europe, Systematic review, Life support, Emergency Medicine, Human medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Systematic Reviews as Topic, First aid
Abstract

Informed by a series of systematic reviews, scoping reviews and evidence updates from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, the 2021 European Resuscitation Council Guidelines present the most up to date evidence-based guidelines for the practice of resuscitation across Europe. The guidelines cover the epidemiology of cardiac arrest; the role that systems play in saving lives, adult basic life support, adult advanced life support, resuscitation in special circumstances, post resuscitation care, first aid, neonatal life support, paediatric life support, ethics and education.

Published
2021
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11. Micro-cogeneration based on solid oxide fuel cells: Market opportunities in the agriculture/livestock sector

Author

Giovanni Cinti, Linda Barelli, Gianni Bidini, and Arianna Baldinelli

Subjects
Livestock waste, Circular economy, Biogas, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Commercialization, Cogeneration, SOFC, Cost of electricity by source, Micro-CHP, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Environmental economics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Renewable energy, Energy efficiency, Biogas, SOFC, Circular economy, Livestock waste, Micro-CHP, Energy efficiency, Fuel Technology, Sustainability, Niche market, Electricity, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

Bio-waste embeds an extraordinary renewable potential, and it becomes a source of energy savings when transformed into a valuable resource, like biogas. Cogeneration (CHP) from biogas employing high-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) scores a high sustainability level, thanks to improved environmental and energy performances. The synergy between the niche market of small/micro biogas producers and SOFCs might act as a springboard to open market opportunities for both SOFC commercialization and business upgrade of small farms. However, local regulations, waste management, renewable energy subsidies and, above all, availability of eligible sites, determine real chances for on-the-ground implementation. Through a detailed analysis of the application scenario, this research aims at investigating opportunities for the experimentation of SOFC–CHP in small biogas plants and identifying the possible bottlenecks for future deployment. When it becomes relevant, energy conversion of livestock (especially cattle and swine) and agriculture waste requires SOFC modules from 10 kWe to 35 kWe. This is in line with the current status of SOFC suppliers. Moreover, considering the fuel cell market roll-out, the average levelized cost of electricity is expected to decrease from 0.387 €/kWh to 0.115 €/kWh, when electricity is produced from livestock waste available on-site.

Published
2021
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16. ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE COMORBIDADES, SÍNDROME RESPIRATÓRIA AGUDA GRAVE (SRAG) E ÓBITO EM CRIANÇAS COM DIAGNÓSTICO DE COVID-19 DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

Author

Barbosa, Gilberto da Luz, primary, Graeff, Daniela Bertol, additional, de Oliveira, Eduarda Alves, additional, Barelli, Cristiane, additional, Lorenzetti, Débora Miotto, additional, Souza, Luiza, additional, Godoy, Natália de Oliveira, additional, and Zilli, Julcemar Bruno, additional

Published
2022
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19. VIGILÂNCIA EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DOS CASOS CONFIRMADOS DE COVID-19 NA REGIÃO MACRO NORTE DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL (BRASIL) COMO RESPOSTA AOS DESAFIOS DA INFECTOLOGIA EM TEMPOS PANDÊMICOS

Author

Barbosa, Gilberto da Luz, primary, da Silva, Jeferson da Silva, additional, de Oliveira, Eduarda Alves, additional, Omizzolo, Vinícius Grasselli, additional, Marcante, Arthur Vinicius, additional, Barbosa, Luiza Martins, additional, Graeff, Daniela Bertol, additional, Barelli, Cristiane, additional, Zilli, Julcemar Bruno, additional, and Simoni, Luísa, additional

Published
2022
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21. ANÁLISE TEMPORAL DOS CASOS DE COVID-19 EM MULHERES GESTANTES E NÃO GESTANTES DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL: UMA COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE COMORBIDADES E DESFECHOS

Author

Barbosa, Gilberto da Luz, primary, Graeff, Daniela Bertol, additional, Spanholo, Camila Boschetti, additional, Malinowski, Lucas Estevam, additional, da Silva, Jeferson da Silva, additional, de Lima, Rubia Marcondes Guisso, additional, Barelli, Cristiane, additional, Zilli, Julcemar Bruno, additional, and de Paula, Diógenes William, additional

Published
2022
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23. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Cardiac arrest in special circumstances

Author

Lott, Carsten, primary, Truhlář, Anatolij, additional, Alfonzo, Annette, additional, Barelli, Alessandro, additional, González-Salvado, Violeta, additional, Hinkelbein, Jochen, additional, Nolan, Jerry P., additional, Paal, Peter, additional, Perkins, Gavin D., additional, Thies, Karl-Christian, additional, Yeung, Joyce, additional, Zideman, David A., additional, Soar, Jasmeet, additional, Khalifa, Gamal Eldin Abbas, additional, Álvarez, Efrén, additional, Barelli, Roberta, additional, Bierens, Joost J.L.M., additional, Boettiger, Bernd, additional, Brattebø, Guttorm, additional, Browne, Douglas, additional, Brugger, Hermann, additional, Darocha, Tomasz, additional, Deakin, Charles D., additional, Dunning, Joel, additional, Hunyadi-Anticevic, Silvija, additional, Koster, Rudolph W., additional, Lockey, David J., additional, Pasquier, Mathieu, additional, and Schmitz, Jan, additional

Published
2021
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25. Experimental study on H2S adsorption on gasification char under different operative conditions

Author

Francesco Patuzzi, Eleonora Cordioli, Linda Barelli, Elena Sisani, Marco Baratieri, Barbara Bosio, Filippo Marchelli, and Elisabetta Arato

Subjects
By-product valorisation, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Chemistry, 020209 energy, Adsorbent, Biomass, Gaseous biofuel, Forestry, Producer gas, 02 engineering and technology, Pulp and paper industry, Gas cleaning, Fixed bed, Hydrogen sulphide, Anaerobic digestion, Adsorption, Biogas, Bioenergy, Specific surface area, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Adsorbent, By-product valorisation, Fixed bed, Gas cleaning, Gaseous biofuel, Hydrogen sulphide, Char, Waste Management and Disposal, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

Char is the solid by-product of biomass gasification. It usually represents a cost for plant owners, who have to dispose of it at a cost. However, its high carbon content and surface area could make it suitable for further applications, such as adsorption. In this work, we studied its potential for the adsorptive removal of hydrogen sulphide (H2S), a common pollutant present in the producer gas of gasification, as well as in biogas from anaerobic digestion. Different samples of char collected from commercial gasification plants in South Tyrol (Italy) were tested. The adsorption was reproduced in a lab-scale tubular fixed-bed reactor. The results highlight that all samples could capture hydrogen sulphide, showing different adsorption performances. The materials’ specific surface area and metal and oxygen content seem to affect the removal capacity. After these tests, we selected the best-performing char, and tested its adsorption performance in different operative conditions, i.e. at different inlet concentrations of H2S and temperatures.

Published
2019
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26. Development and validation of a Ni-based catalyst for carbon dioxide dry reforming of methane process coupled to solid oxide fuel cells

Author

Linda Barelli, Francesco Mondi, Luca Gammaitoni, Maurizio Mattarelli, Gianni Bidini, A. Di Michele, and Elena Sisani

Subjects
Materials science, Oxide, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Methane, Catalysis, Dry reforming, Steam reforming, chemistry.chemical_compound, SOFC, Gas composition, Carbon dioxide reforming, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, CO2 reforming, Ni catalyst, Syngas, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Fuel Technology, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Carbon dioxide, 0210 nano-technology, Dry reforming, CO2 reforming, Ni catalyst, Syngas, SOFC
Abstract

Recent studies propose dry reforming as a potential alternative to steam reforming. A number of advantages come mainly from the substitution of steam with CO2, representing a potential strategy for CO2 and waste heat reuse in both carbon-intensive industry (e.g. steel) and power generation applications (e.g. dry reforming coupling to solid oxide fuel cells). The objective of this study is the development, by means of an ultrasound assisted synthesis technique, of a novel 15%Ni -6%ZrO2 –3%CaO -Al2O3 catalyst with high surface area and metal dispersion, to achieve high values of methane conversion and stable performance, obtained by significantly limiting carbon deposition at temperature in the range 700–750 °C. In this range, compatible with the dry reformer-SOFC thermal integration, conventional catalysts seriously suffer from coking tolerance issues. The catalyst exhibited very promising results with high methane conversion rates of 93% at 750 °C and 1.25 CO2/CH4 ratio at the reactor inlet (dilution: in SiC 4:1 in volume), stable over 450 h of operation, with no significant changes in outlet gas composition and relevant modifications on material structure as revealed by SEM/EDX, XRD and Raman, analysis.

Published
2019
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27. Flywheel hybridization to improve battery life in energy storage systems coupled to RES plants

Author

A. Zuccari, L. Castellini, A. Fratini, F. Gallorini, F. Bonucci, Linda Barelli, and Gianni Bidini

Subjects
Power management, Battery (electricity), Work (thermodynamics), Energy storage, Computer science, Battery life, 020209 energy, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanic flywheel, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Flywheel, Automotive engineering, Lithium-ion battery, 020401 chemical engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Lead-gel battery, 0204 chemical engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hybridization, Civil and Structural Engineering, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Building and Construction, Pollution, General Energy, Computer data storage, business, Energy (signal processing), Energy storage, Hybridization, Battery life, Lithium-ion battery, Lead-gel battery, Mechanic flywheel
Abstract

The present work investigates the advantages of integrating a hybrid energy storage system in a residential micro-grid, coupled to a PV plant. Specifically, battery hybridization with mechanical flywheel is considered. A suitable code, implementing a dedicated logic of power management, is developed to investigate several design conditions and features, simulating the behavior of both storage devices along one year of operation with 1 min time step. The energy performances of the different micro-grid configurations are presented and discussed. Moreover, based on the simulated yearly trends of the battery state of charge, the effects of flywheel on the battery life are determined resulting in a significant improvement with respect to non-hybrid configurations. In particular, life battery almost triples in the case lead-gel technology is adopted, while the life gain reaches a mean value of 3.6 for lithium-ion battery packs. This result is validated through suitable aging tests on LiFePO4 cells over three equivalent years of operation.

Published
2019
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28. Optimization of an integrated biomass gasifier-fuel cell system: An experimental study on the cell response to process variations

Author

Christoph Hochenauer, Robert Scharler, Linda Barelli, Vanja Subotić, Arianna Baldinelli, and Andrés Anca-Couce

Subjects
020209 energy, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 020401 chemical engineering, Operating temperature, Thermal, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, SOFC, Biomass, 0204 chemical engineering, Process engineering, Fuel Cells, SOFC, Renewables, Gasification, Biomass, System integration, System integration, business.industry, Producer gas, Durability, Renewable energy, 13. Climate action, Fluidized bed, Degradation (geology), Environmental science, Fuel Cells, Renewables, business, Gasification, Efficient energy use
Abstract

Coupling biomass gasification with high temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) is a promising solution to increase the share of renewables and raise energy efficiency. Optimal system integration and high durability of its components are both required for this purpose. Moreover, system optimization may ask for a compromise between optimal SOFC operating temperature and system thermal integration. Nevertheless, the producer gas quality and operating temperature have a noticeable impact on SOFC performance, which has to be considered. In order to address the challenges mentioned, this study focuses on experimental investigation of commercial SOFC single cells of industrial size fuelled with different gas mixtures. Namely, typical producer gas compositions from downdraft fixed bed gasification with air (with and without drying) and fluidized bed gasification with steam are considered. In addition to that, the effect of temperature variation is analysed. The results show that, although a higher cell temperature (800°C) and a dry product gas composition lead to higher efficiencies, it is feasible to run the SOFC on wet producer gas at lower cell temperatures (750°C). Despite a decreased efficiency, this would optimize the gasifier-SOFC coupling. Moreover, the presence of water in the producer gas (when drying is not included) reduces the possibility of carbon deposition, thus increasing the cell durability. Therefore, cases with low cell temperatures and presence of water in the gas should be considered as viable alternatives for the system coupling and possible SOFC degradation in such cases is going to be extensively analysed.

Published
2019
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31. Corrigendum to “European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Cardiac arrest in special circumstances” [Resuscitation 161 (2021) 152–219]

Author

Lott, Carsten, primary, Truhlář, Anatolij, additional, Alfonzo, Annette, additional, Barelli, Alessandro, additional, González-Salvado, Violeta, additional, Hinkelbein, Jochen, additional, Nolan, Jerry P., additional, Paal, Peter, additional, Perkins, Gavin D., additional, Thies, Karl-Christian, additional, Yeung, Joyce, additional, Zideman, David A., additional, and Soar, Jasmeet, additional

Published
2021
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35. Large Auctions

Author

Paulo Barelli, Srihari Govindan, and Robert B. Wilson

Subjects
History, Polymers and Plastics, Business and International Management, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Published
2021
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36. Corrigendum to “European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Executive summary” [Resuscitation (2021) 1–60]

Author

Perkins, Gavin D., primary, Gräsner, Jan-Thortsen, additional, Semeraro, Federico, additional, Olasveengen, Theresa, additional, Soar, Jasmeet, additional, Lott, Carsten, additional, Van de Voorde, Patrick, additional, Madar, John, additional, Zideman, David, additional, Mentzelopoulos, Spyridon, additional, Bossaert, Leo, additional, Greif, Robert, additional, Monsieurs, Koen, additional, Svavarsdóttir, Hildigunnur, additional, Nolan, Jerry P., additional, Ainsworth, S., additional, Deakin, C.D., additional, Lippert, F., additional, Sandroni, C., additional, Akin, S., additional, Delchef, J., additional, Lockey, A.S., additional, Sari, F., additional, Alfonzo, A., additional, Dirks, B., additional, Lott, C., additional, Scapigliati, A., additional, Andres, J., additional, Djakow, J., additional, Lulic, I., additional, Schilder, S., additional, Attard Montalto, S., additional, Djarv, T., additional, Maas, M., additional, Schlieber, J., additional, Barelli, A., additional, Druwe, P., additional, Maconochie, I., additional, Schnaubelt, S., additional, Baubin, M., additional, Eldin, G., additional, Madar, J., additional, Semeraro, F., additional, Behringer, W., additional, Ersdal, H., additional, Martinez-Mejias, A., additional, Shammet, S., additional, Bein, B., additional, Friberg, H., additional, Masterson, S., additional, Singletary, E.M., additional, Biarent, D., additional, Genbrugge, C., additional, Mentzelopoulos, S.D., additional, Skåre, C., additional, Bingham, R., additional, Georgiou, M., additional, Meyran, D., additional, Skrifvars, M.B., additional, Blom, M., additional, Goemans, E., additional, Monsieurs, K.G., additional, Smyth, M., additional, Boccuzzi, A., additional, González-Salvado, V., additional, Morley, C., additional, Soar, J., additional, Borra, V., additional, Gradisek, P., additional, Moulaert, V.R.M., additional, Svavarsdóttir, H., additional, Bossaert, L., additional, Gräsner, J.T., additional, Mpotos, N., additional, Szczapa, T., additional, Böttiger, B.W., additional, Greif, R., additional, Nikolaou, N., additional, Taccone, F., additional, Breckwoldt, J., additional, Handley, A.J., additional, Nolan, J.P., additional, Tageldin Mustafa, M., additional, Brissaud, O., additional, Hassager, C., additional, Olasveengen, T.M., additional, Te Pas, A., additional, Burkart, R., additional, Haywood, K., additional, Oliver, E., additional, Thies, K.C., additional, Cariou, A., additional, Heltne, J.K., additional, Paal, P., additional, Tjelmeland, I.B.M., additional, Carli, P., additional, Hendrickx, D., additional, Pellis, T., additional, Trevisanuto, D., additional, Carmona, F., additional, Herlitz, J., additional, Perkins, G.D., additional, Truhlár, A., additional, Cassan, P., additional, Hinkelbein, J., additional, Pflanzl-Knizacek, L., additional, Trummer, G., additional, Castren, M., additional, Hoffmann, F., additional, Pitches, K., additional, Turner, N.M., additional, Christophides, T., additional, Hunyadi Anticevic, S., additional, Poole, K., additional, Urlesberger, B., additional, Cimpoesu, C.D., additional, Johannesdottir, G.B., additional, Raffay, V., additional, Vaahersalo, J., additional, Clarens, C., additional, Khalifa, G., additional, Renier, W., additional, Van de Voorde, P., additional, Conaghan, P., additional, Klaassen, B., additional, Ristagno, G., additional, Van Grootven, H., additional, Couper, K., additional, Koppl, J., additional, Roehr, C.C., additional, Wilkinson, D., additional, Cronberg, T., additional, Kreimeier, U., additional, Rosell-Ortiz, F., additional, Wnent, J., additional, De Buck, E., additional, Kuzovlev, A., additional, Rüdiger, M., additional, Wyllie, J.P., additional, de Lucas, N., additional, Lauritsen, T., additional, Safri, A., additional, Yeung, J., additional, De Roovere, A., additional, Lilja, G., additional, Sanchez Santos, L., additional, and Zideman, D.A., additional

Published
2021
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37. Visual and Hearing Impairment Are Associated With Delirium in Hospitalized Patients: Results of a Multisite Prevalence Study

Author

Morandi, Alessandro, primary, Inzitari, Marco, additional, Udina, Cristina, additional, Gual, Neus, additional, Mota, Miriam, additional, Tassistro, Elena, additional, Andreano, Anita, additional, Cherubini, Antonio, additional, Gentile, Simona, additional, Mossello, Enrico, additional, Marengoni, Alessandra, additional, Olivé, Anna, additional, Riba, Francesc, additional, Ruiz, Domingo, additional, de Jaime, Elisabet, additional, Bellelli, Giuseppe, additional, Tarasconi, A., additional, Sella, M., additional, Auriemma, S., additional, Paternò, G., additional, Faggian, G., additional, Lucarelli, C., additional, De Grazia, N., additional, Alberto, C., additional, Margola, A., additional, Porcella, L., additional, Nardiello, I., additional, Chimenti, E., additional, Zeni, M., additional, Giani, A., additional, Famularo, S., additional, Romairone, E., additional, Minaglia, C., additional, Ceccotti, C., additional, Guerra, G., additional, Mantovani, G., additional, Monacelli, F., additional, Candiani, T., additional, Ballestrero, A., additional, Santolini, F., additional, Rosso, M., additional, Bono, V., additional, Sibilla, S., additional, Dal Santo, P., additional, Ceci, M., additional, Barone, P., additional, Schirinzi, T., additional, Formenti, A., additional, Nastasi, G., additional, Isaia, G., additional, Gonella, D., additional, Battuello, A., additional, Casson, S., additional, Calvani, D., additional, Boni, F., additional, Ciaccio, A., additional, Rosa, R., additional, Sanna, G., additional, Manfredini, S., additional, Cortese, L., additional, Rizzo, M., additional, Prestano, R., additional, Greco, A., additional, Lauriola, M., additional, Gelosa, G., additional, Piras, V., additional, Arena, M., additional, Cosenza, D., additional, Bellomo, A., additional, LaMontagna, M., additional, Gabbani, L., additional, Lambertucci, L., additional, Perego, S., additional, Parati, G., additional, Basile, G., additional, Gallina, V., additional, Pilone, G., additional, Giudice, C., additional, De, F., additional, Pietrogrande, L., additional, De, B., additional, Mosca, M., additional, Corazzin, I., additional, Rossi, P., additional, Nunziata, V., additional, D'Amico, F., additional, Grippa, A., additional, Giardini, S., additional, Barucci, R., additional, Cossu, A., additional, Fiorin, L., additional, Distefano, M., additional, Lunardelli, M., additional, Brunori, M., additional, Ruffini, I., additional, Abraham, E., additional, Varutti, A., additional, Fabbro, E., additional, Catalano, A., additional, Martino, G., additional, Leotta, D., additional, Marchet, A., additional, Dell'Aquila, G., additional, Scrimieri, A., additional, Davoli, M., additional, Casella, M., additional, Cartei, A., additional, Polidori, G., additional, Brischetto, D., additional, Motta, S., additional, Saponara, R., additional, Perrone, P., additional, Russo, G., additional, Del, D., additional, Car, C., additional, Pirina, T., additional, Franzoni, S., additional, Cotroneo, A., additional, Ghiggia, F., additional, Volpi, G., additional, Menichetti, C., additional, Bo, M., additional, Panico, A., additional, Calogero, P., additional, Corvalli, G., additional, Mauri, M., additional, Lupia, E., additional, Manfredini, R., additional, Fabbian, F., additional, March, A., additional, Pedrotti, M., additional, Veronesi, M., additional, Strocchi, E., additional, Borghi, C., additional, Bianchetti, A., additional, Crucitti, A., additional, DiFrancesco, V., additional, Fontana, G., additional, Bonanni, L., additional, Barbone, F., additional, Serrati, C., additional, Ballardini, G., additional, Simoncelli, M., additional, Ceschia, G., additional, Scarpa, C., additional, Brugiolo, R., additional, Fusco, S., additional, Ciarambino, T., additional, Biagini, C., additional, Tonon, E., additional, Porta, M., additional, Venuti, D., additional, DelSette, M., additional, Poeta, M., additional, Barbagallo, G., additional, Trovato, G., additional, Delitala, A., additional, Arosio, P., additional, Reggiani, F., additional, Zuliani, G., additional, Ortolani, B., additional, Mussio, E., additional, Girardi, A., additional, Coin, A., additional, Ruotolo, G., additional, Castagna, A., additional, Masina, M., additional, Cimino, R., additional, Pinciaroli, A., additional, Tripodi, G., additional, Cannistrà, U., additional, Cassadonte, F., additional, Vatrano, M., additional, Scaglione, L., additional, Fogliacco, P., additional, Muzzuilini, C., additional, Romano, F., additional, Padovani, A., additional, Rozzini, L., additional, Cagnin, A., additional, Fragiacomo, F., additional, Desideri, G., additional, Liberatore, E., additional, Bruni, A., additional, Orsitto, G., additional, Franco, M., additional, Bonfrate, L., additional, Bonetto, M., additional, Pizio, N., additional, Magnani, G., additional, Cecchetti, G., additional, Longo, A., additional, Bubba, V., additional, Marinan, L., additional, Cotelli, M., additional, Turla, M., additional, Sessa, M., additional, Abruzzi, L., additional, Castoldi, G., additional, LoVetere, D., additional, Musacchio, C., additional, Novello, M., additional, Cavarape, A., additional, Bini, A., additional, Leonardi, A., additional, Seneci, F., additional, Grimaldi, W., additional, Fimognari, F., additional, Bambara, V., additional, Saitta, A., additional, Corica, F., additional, Braga, M., additional, Ettorre, E., additional, Camellini, C., additional, Bellelli, G., additional, Annoni, G., additional, Marengoni, A., additional, Crescenzo, A., additional, Noro, G., additional, Turco, R., additional, Ponzetto, M., additional, Giuseppe, L., additional, Mazzei, B., additional, Maiuri, G., additional, Costaggiu, D., additional, Damato, R., additional, Formilan, M., additional, Patrizia, G., additional, Gallucci, M., additional, Paragona, M., additional, Bini, P., additional, Modica, D., additional, Abati, C., additional, Clerici, M., additional, Barbera, I., additional, NigroImperiale, F., additional, Manni, A., additional, Votino, C., additional, Castiglioni, C., additional, Di, M., additional, Degl'Innocenti, M., additional, Moscatelli, G., additional, Guerini, S., additional, Casini, C., additional, Dini, D., additional, D'Imporzano, E., additional, DeNotariis, S., additional, Bonometti, F., additional, Paolillo, C., additional, Riccardi, A., additional, Tiozzo, A., additional, DiBari, M., additional, Vanni, S., additional, Scarpa, A., additional, Zara, D., additional, Ranieri, P., additional, Alessandro, M., additional, Di, F., additional, Pezzoni, D., additional, Platto, C., additional, D'Ambrosio, V., additional, Ivaldi, C., additional, Milia, P., additional, DeSalvo, F., additional, Solaro, C., additional, Strazzacappa, M., additional, Cazzadori, M., additional, Confente, S., additional, Grasso, M., additional, Troisi, E., additional, Guerini, V., additional, Bernardini, B., additional, Corsini, C., additional, Boffelli, S., additional, Filippi, A., additional, Delpin, K., additional, Faraci, B., additional, Bertoletti, E., additional, Vannucci, M., additional, Tesi, F., additional, Crippa, P., additional, Malighetti, A., additional, Bettini, D., additional, Maltese, F., additional, Abruzzese, G., additional, Cosimo, D., additional, Azzini, M., additional, Colombo, M., additional, Procino, G., additional, Fascendini, S., additional, Barocco, F., additional, Del, P., additional, Mazzone, A., additional, Riva, E., additional, Dell'Acqua, D., additional, Cottino, M., additional, Vezzadini, G., additional, Avanzi, S., additional, Brambilla, C., additional, Orini, S., additional, Sgrilli, F., additional, Mello, A., additional, Lombardi, L., additional, Muti, E., additional, Dijk, B., additional, Fenu, S., additional, Pes, C., additional, Gareri, P., additional, Passamonte, M., additional, Rigo, R., additional, Locusta, L., additional, Caser, L., additional, Rosso, G., additional, Cesarini, S., additional, Cozzi, R., additional, Santini, C., additional, Carbone, P., additional, Cazzaniga, I., additional, Lovati, R., additional, Cantoni, A., additional, Ranzani, P., additional, Barra, D., additional, Pompilio, G., additional, Dimori, S., additional, Cernesi, S., additional, Riccò, C., additional, Piazzolla, F., additional, Capittini, E., additional, Rota, C., additional, Gottardi, F., additional, Merla, L., additional, Barelli, A., additional, Millul, A., additional, De, G., additional, Morrone, G., additional, Bigolari, M., additional, Macchi, M., additional, Zambon, F., additional, Pizzorni, C., additional, DiCasaleto, G., additional, Menculini, G., additional, Marcacci, M., additional, Catanese, G., additional, Sprini, D., additional, DiCasalet, T., additional, Bocci, M., additional, Borga, S., additional, Caironi, P., additional, Cat, C., additional, Cingolani, E., additional, Avalli, L., additional, Greco, G., additional, Citerio, G., additional, Gandini, L., additional, Cornara, G., additional, Lerda, R., additional, Brazzi, L., additional, Simeone, F., additional, Caciorgna, M., additional, Alampi, D., additional, Francesconi, S., additional, Beck, E., additional, Antonini, B., additional, Vettoretto, K., additional, Meggiolaro, M., additional, Garofalo, E., additional, Notaro, S., additional, Varutti, R., additional, Bassi, F., additional, Mistraletti, G., additional, Marino, A., additional, Rona, R., additional, Rondelli, E., additional, Riva, I., additional, Scapigliati, A., additional, Cortegiani, A., additional, Vitale, F., additional, Pistidda, L., additional, D'Andrea, R., additional, Querci, L., additional, Gnesin, P., additional, Todeschini, M., additional, Lugano, M., additional, Castelli, G., additional, Ortolani, M., additional, Cotoia, A., additional, Maggiore, S., additional, DiTizio, L., additional, Graziani, R., additional, Testa, I., additional, Ferretti, E., additional, Castioni, C., additional, Lombardi, F., additional, Caserta, R., additional, Pasqua, M., additional, Simoncini, S., additional, Baccarini, F., additional, Rispoli, M., additional, Grossi, F., additional, Cancelliere, L., additional, Carnelli, M., additional, Puccini, F., additional, Biancofiore, G., additional, Siniscalchi, A., additional, Laici, C., additional, Mossello, E., additional, Torrini, M., additional, Pasetti, G., additional, Palmese, S., additional, Oggioni, R., additional, Mangani, V., additional, Pini, S., additional, Martelli, M., additional, Rigo, E., additional, Zuccalà, F., additional, Cherri, A., additional, Spina, R., additional, Calamai, I., additional, Petrucci, N., additional, Caicedo, A., additional, Ferri, F., additional, Gritti, P., additional, Brienza, N., additional, Fonnesu, R., additional, Dessena, M., additional, Fullin, G., additional, and Saggioro, D., additional

Published
2021
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38. Lung volumes, respiratory mechanics and dynamic strain during general anaesthesia

Author

Liliana Sollazzi, Pierpaolo Ciocchetti, Roberta Barelli, Filippo Bongiovanni, Bruno Romanò, Domenico Luca Grieco, Antonio Maria Dell'Anna, Valter Perilli, Gian Marco Anzellotti, Davide Eleuteri, Massimo Antonelli, Flavia Torrini, and Andrea Russo

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Supine position, Functional Residual Capacity, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate, Respiratory physiology, Anesthesia, General, Positive-Pressure Respiration, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Functional residual capacity, 030202 anesthesiology, Internal medicine, Settore MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIA, Abdomen, Supine Position, Tidal Volume, medicine, Humans, Lung volumes, functional residual capacity, positive end-expiratory pressure, respiratory mechanics, Aged, Female, Lung Compliance, Middle Aged, Pulmonary Alveoli, Respiratory Mechanics, Respiratory Muscles, Lung Volume Measurements, Respiratory system, Tidal volume, Positive end-expiratory pressure, business.industry, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, respiratory system, respiratory tract diseases, Editorial, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Breathing, Cardiology, business
Abstract

Background Driving pressure (ΔP) represents tidal volume normalised to respiratory system compliance (CRS) and is a novel parameter to target ventilator settings. We conducted a study to determine whether CRS and ΔP reflect aerated lung volume and dynamic strain during general anaesthesia. Methods Twenty non-obese patients undergoing open abdominal surgery received three PEEP levels (2, 7, or 12 cm H2O) in random order with constant tidal volume ventilation. Respiratory mechanics, lung volumes, and alveolar recruitment were measured to assess end-expiratory aerated volume, which was compared with the patient's individual predicted functional residual capacity in supine position (FRCp). Results CRS was linearly related to aerated volume and ΔP to dynamic strain at PEEP of 2 cm H2O (intraoperative FRC) (r=0.72 and r=0.73, both P Conclusions During general anaesthesia, respiratory system compliance and driving pressure reflect aerated lung volume and dynamic strain, respectively, only if aerated volume does not exceed functional residual capacity in supine position, which is a frequent event when PEEP is used in this setting.

Published
2018
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39. On the feasibility of on-farm biogas-to-electricity conversion: To what extent is solid oxide fuel cells durability a threat to break even the initial investment?

Author

Gianni Bidini, Linda Barelli, and Arianna Baldinelli

Subjects
Break-even (economics), 020209 energy, Direct feeding, Biogas, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Mature technology, 02 engineering and technology, Degradation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Capital cost, SOFC, Biogas, SOFC, Degradation, Direct feeding, Techno-economic feasibility, Payback time, Techno-economic feasibility, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Subsidy, Environmental economics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Investment (macroeconomics), Fuel Technology, Payback time, Profitability index, Business, Electricity, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Despite their promising features, adverse economic feasibility still hamper SOFCs wide implementation and this effect is emphasized as long as the system size is reduced. According to previous investigations, the biogas pre-treatment section represents a burden for the economic viability. Aiming at reducing the extent of installation costs in SOFC-based configurations, biogas partial upgrading through CO2 gas-separation membranes is put forth as innovative solution against reforming. This innovative system concept is expected to make SOFCs more cost-effective, yet resulting feeding gas might cause a quicker SOFC performance decay. Besides solving this trade-off, the economic viability results strongly sensitive to subsidiary electricity prices in force according to the regulatory framework. This paper presents a comparative economic assessment regarding biogas-to-electricity conversion via Solid Oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and mature technologies as internal combustion engines (ICEs). Results highlighted that, the innovative SOFC system is far more viable than reforming-based one, exhibiting a reasonable payback time, with an adequate subsidized electricity sale price (4 and 5 years for small/medium and large-size plants respectively when subsidy is 0.28 €/kWh), up to 1%1000h degradation rate. On the other hand, whilst considering a SOFC degradation rate of 0.03%1000h, the reforming-based system appears feasible only on large-size plants, yet recovering the initial capital expenditure in 9 years. Moreover, once the break-even point is reached, the gain in the net revenue produced by the innovative system is amplified in the event of small-size installation. This allows the possibility to undertake the risk of higher degradation rates (up to 2%1000h) without jeopardizing the economic profitability. Therefore, in the present regulatory framework and under current capital costs projections, the innovative SOFC system appears as much profitable as ICE mature technology. Such effort in the design of the fuel pre-treatment unit can lever SOFC broad spreading into the market of small biogas producers.

Published
2018
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40. Residential micro-grid load management through artificial neural networks

Author

A. Ottaviano, Linda Barelli, F. Bonucci, and Gianni Bidini

Subjects
Computer science, 020209 energy, Scheduling (production processes), Battery, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Energy storage, Load management, Energy independence, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Load management, Residential micro-grid, Battery, ANN, Artificial neural network, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Photovoltaic system, Residential micro-grid, Grid, Reliability engineering, Computer data storage, ANN, business
Abstract

This paper presents an innovative load management tool for a micro-grid composed by a photovoltaic (PV) system and an energy storage device installed at a residential user. The objective is to develop a suitable residential load management to maximize the PV plant exploitation through the storage system in order to achieve a greater energy independence of the micro-grid (MG) from the electric grid. For this purpose a MG dynamic model was developed in Matlab Simulink environment useful to analyse and optimize the MG energy performance. On the modelling results, through artificial neural networks (ANN) technique, a hierarchy load management that takes into account of the load demand, battery state of charge and weather forecast was defined. Specifically the aim of the ANN model here proposed is to predict the scheduling of programmable loads considering the weather conditions relative to the current day and the previous one, beyond that on the weather forecast for the day after. The obtained results, considering the relatively small dataset, are to be considered strongly encouraging. Greater performance is expected in the case the data set is enlarged.

Published
2018
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41. Air variation in SOE: Stack experimental study

Author

Gianni Bidini, Giovanni Cinti, and Linda Barelli

Subjects
Energy storage, Materials science, Nuclear engineering, Airflow, Oxide, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Oxygen, SOE, Hydrogen production, Air variation, Energy storage, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, 0502 economics and business, 050207 economics, Polarization (electrochemistry), Clark electrode, Electrolysis, SOE, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, 05 social sciences, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Fuel Technology, chemistry, Hydrogen production, Air variation, Limiting oxygen concentration, 0210 nano-technology, Voltage
Abstract

Solid oxide electrolyzer are the electrolysis technology that can achieve higher efficiency and power densities. This study aims to analyze the role of air when used as a sweep gas in the oxygen electrode of a SOE. Based on experimental activity on a SOE stack, both polarization and constant utilization tests were performed changing the air flow rate in the stack. Due to air reduction, oxygen concentration of off gasses was increased from 25% up to 50%. All experimental results indicated that, reducing air flow down to 9% of nominal value, the effect on performances is negligible and variation of voltage is maintained below 2%. Thermoneutral condition was achieved at 500 mA cm−2. Advantages of air reduction in SOE operation stand in both capital and operation costs. System design is simplified, ancillary consumptions are reduced and, in view of oxygen as a by-product, high oxygen concentrated off gases are produced with lower energy request for possible O2 separation.

Published
2018
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43. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Executive summary

Author

Perkins, Gavin D., primary, Gräsner, Jan-Thorsen, additional, Semeraro, Federico, additional, Olasveengen, Theresa, additional, Soar, Jasmeet, additional, Lott, Carsten, additional, Van de Voorde, Patrick, additional, Madar, John, additional, Zideman, David, additional, Mentzelopoulos, Spyridon, additional, Bossaert, Leo, additional, Greif, Robert, additional, Monsieurs, Koen, additional, Svavarsdóttir, Hildigunnur, additional, Nolan, Jerry P., additional, Ainsworth, S., additional, Akin, S., additional, Alfonzo, A., additional, Andres, J., additional, Attard Montalto, S., additional, Barelli, A., additional, Baubin, M., additional, Behringer, W., additional, Bein, B., additional, Biarent, D., additional, Bingham, R., additional, Blom, M., additional, Boccuzzi, A., additional, Borra, V., additional, Bossaert, L., additional, Böttiger, B.W., additional, Breckwoldt, J., additional, Brissaud, O., additional, Burkart, R., additional, Cariou, A., additional, Carli, P., additional, Carmona, F., additional, Cassan, P., additional, Castren, M., additional, Christophides, T., additional, Cimpoesu, C.D., additional, Clarens, C., additional, Conaghan, P., additional, Couper, K., additional, Cronberg, T., additional, De Buck, E., additional, de Lucas, N., additional, De Roovere, A., additional, Deakin, C.D., additional, Delchef, J., additional, Dirks, B., additional, Djakow, J., additional, Djarv, T., additional, Druwe, P., additional, Eldin, G., additional, Ersdal, H., additional, Friberg, H., additional, Genbrugge, C., additional, Georgiou, M., additional, Goemans, E., additional, Gonzalez-Salvado, V., additional, Gradisek, P., additional, Graesner, J.T., additional, Greif, R., additional, Handley, A.J., additional, Hassager, C., additional, Haywood, K., additional, Heltne, J.K., additional, Hendrickx, D., additional, Herlitz, J., additional, Hinkelbein, J., additional, Hoffmann, F., additional, Hunyadi Anticevic, S., additional, Johannesdottir, G.B., additional, Khalifa, G., additional, Klaassen, B., additional, Koppl, J., additional, Kreimeier, U., additional, Kuzovlev, A., additional, Lauritsen, T., additional, Lilja, G., additional, Lippert, F., additional, Lockey, A., additional, Lott, C., additional, Lulic, I., additional, Maas, M., additional, Maconochie, I., additional, Madar, J., additional, Martinez-Mejias, A., additional, Masterson, S., additional, Mentzelopoulos, S.D., additional, Meyran, D., additional, Monsieurs, K.G., additional, Morley, C., additional, Moulaert, V.R.M., additional, Mpotos, N., additional, Nikolaou, N., additional, Nolan, J.P., additional, Olasveengen, T.M., additional, Oliver, E., additional, Paal, P., additional, Pellis, T., additional, Perkins, G.D., additional, Pflanzl-Knizacek, L., additional, Pitches, K., additional, Poole, K., additional, Raffay, V., additional, Renier, W., additional, Ristagno, G., additional, Roehr, C.C., additional, Rosell-Ortiz, F., additional, Rudiger, M., additional, Safri, A., additional, Sanchez Santos, L., additional, Sandroni, C., additional, Sari, F., additional, Scapigliati, A., additional, Schilder, S., additional, Schlieber, J., additional, Schnaubelt, S., additional, Semeraro, F., additional, Shammet, S., additional, Singletary, E.M., additional, Skare, C., additional, Skrifvars, M.B., additional, Smyth, M., additional, Soar, J., additional, Svavarsdottir, H., additional, Szczapa, T., additional, Taccone, F., additional, Tageldin Mustafa, M., additional, Te Pas, A., additional, Thies, K.C., additional, Tjelmeland, I.B.M., additional, Trevisanuto, D., additional, Truhlar, A., additional, Trummer, G., additional, Turner, N.M., additional, Urlesberger, B., additional, Vaahersalo, J., additional, Van de Voorde, P., additional, Van Grootven, H., additional, Wilkinson, D., additional, Wnent, J., additional, Wyllie, J.P., additional, Yeung, J., additional, and Zideman, D.A., additional

Published
2021
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46. Corrigendum to 'European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Executive summary' [Resuscitation (2021) 1–60]

Author

C. Lott, Maaret Castren, H. Friberg, Gamal Eldin Abbas Khalifa, C. Genbrugge, Salma Shammet, Daniele Trevisanuto, D. Meyran, N. De Lucas, R. Greif, J. T. Gräsner, Sebastian Schnaubelt, Lucas Pflanzl-Knizacek, L. Sanchez Santos, G. Eldin, Keith Couper, Colin J Morley, John Madar, A. Barelli, B. Klaassen, B. Bein, Abel Martinez-Mejias, J. Koppl, Karl-Christian Thies, Spyridon Mentzelopoulos, Sean Ainsworth, Torsten Lauritsen, Hildigunnur Svavarsdóttir, Kirstie L. Haywood, Jana Djakow, Dominique Biarent, A.B. te Pas, Violeta González-Salvado, H. Svavarsdottir, P. Van de Voorde, Artem Kuzovlev, Johan Herlitz, Nikolaos I. Nikolaou, C. Hassager, Mario Rüdiger, Ingvild Tjelmeland, D. A. Zideman, Robert Bingham, J. Delchef, S. Hunyadi Anticevic, Federico Semeraro, Bernd W. Böttiger, P. Druwe, J. Schlieber, A. de Roovere, Michael Smyth, I. Lulic, S. Attard Montalto, A. Truhlar, Jasmeet Soar, G. Trummer, Anthony J. Handley, Florian Hoffmann, Fernando Rosell-Ortiz, Koenraad G. Monsieurs, Christiane Skåre, Dominic Wilkinson, Jan Wnent, David Zideman, Jochen Hinkelbein, T. M. Olasveengen, K. Pitches, V. R. M. Moulaert, T. Christophides, P. Gradisek, W. Behringer, Jerry P. Nolan, D. Hendrickx, Patrick Van de Voorde, Joyce Yeung, R. Burkart, Hege Langli Ersdal, C. D. Cimpoesu, E. M. Singletary, Tommaso Pellis, Marios Georgiou, E. Goemans, Charles Christoph Roehr, C. Clarens, A. Safri, J. Vaahersalo, Pierre Carli, M. Baubin, H. van Grootven, O. Brissaud, Peter Paal, Francesc Carmona, Kurtis Poole, A. Alfonzo, Tobias Cronberg, Siobhán Masterson, Carsten Lott, Ian Maconochie, Jan Breckwoldt, U. Kreimeier, M. Maas, Claudio Sandroni, Groa Bjork Johannesdottir, Andy Lockey, Giuseppe Ristagno, Leo Bossaert, Andrea Scapigliati, Gavin D. Perkins, Violetta Raffay, Janusz Andres, Jan-Thortsen Gräsner, L. Bossaert, J. Madar, Gisela Lilja, N. M. Turner, J. K. Heltne, N. Mpotos, E. De Buck, J. P. Nolan, M. Tageldin Mustafa, S. Schilder, Patricia Conaghan, Freddy Lippert, Therese Djärv, A. Cariou, V. Borra, M. Blom, J. Soar, Koen Monsieurs, Spyros D. Mentzelopoulos, Markus B. Skrifvars, Charles D. Deakin, F. Taccone, G. D. Perkins, Berndt Urlesberger, Robert Greif, A. Boccuzzi, Jonathan Wyllie, W. Renier, Theresa M. Olasveengen, Ferenc Sari, P. Cassan, Tomasz Szczapa, B. Dirks, E. Oliver, and S. Akin

Subjects
Resuscitation, Executive summary, business.industry, Published Erratum, Emergency Medicine, medicine, MEDLINE, Medical emergency, Emergency Nursing, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.disease, business
Published
2021
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47. Green hydrogen & electricity production via geothermal-driven multi-generation system: Thermodynamic modeling and optimization

Author

Arianna Baldinelli, Ehsanolah Assareh, Seyed Mojtaba Alirahmi, Linda Barelli, Mostafa Delpisheh, and Nader Nadaki Pourghassab

Subjects
Organic Rankine cycle, Exergy, business.industry, Absorption refrigeration, General Chemical Engineering, Geothermal energy, Organic Chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Fuel Technology, Electricity generation, PEM electrolyzer, Exergy efficiency, Environmental science, Electric power, Process engineering, business, Geothermal gradient, Polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis, Hydrogen
Abstract

Concerning limited sources of fossil fuels, humankind should ensue new avenues to meet its energy demands. Towards this, geothermal energy is acknowledged as a promising, reliable, safe, and clean means for this aim. In the present study, a multi-generation system driven by geothermal energy, which produces electrical power, hydrogen, oxygen, and cooling, is proposed, appraised from thermodynamic and economic standpoints. Due to today's importance of hydrogen production, pure hydrogen production is one of the primary purposes of the system here described and analyzed. The subsystems include an organic Rankine cycle (ORC), a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzer, and a lithium/bromide absorption refrigeration cycle. The model is implemented in the Engineering Equation Solver software and a multi-objective optimization is performed with NSGA-II. The results indicate that the parameters mostly affecting system performance include geothermal fluid mass flow rate, geothermal fluid temperature, ORC turbines inlet temperature, and evaporator pinch-point. The highest exergy destruction is pertinent to evaporators and the PEM electrolyzer, respectively. Moreover, the results reveal that the higher the geothermal well temperature, the higher the output parameters of the system. Also, a case study was carried out to implement the proposed system in Sabalan geothermal wells; the results indicate that the system can support the energy need of 160 families during one year by producing 4,696 MWh of electrical power. Lastly, the multi-objective optimization lead to a optimal scenario with 37.85 % exergy efficiency and 15.09 USD/h system cost rate.

Published
2022
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48. ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE COMORBIDADES, SÍNDROME RESPIRATÓRIA AGUDA GRAVE (SRAG) E ÓBITO EM CRIANÇAS COM DIAGNÓSTICO DE COVID-19 DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

Author

Gilberto da Luz Barbosa, Daniela Bertol Graeff, Eduarda Alves de Oliveira, Cristiane Barelli, Débora Miotto Lorenzetti, Luiza Souza, Natália de Oliveira Godoy, and Julcemar Bruno Zilli

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Infectious Diseases, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Introdução/Objetivos: As infecções respiratórias são responsáveis pela maior parte das internações hospitalares de crianças de 1 a 4 anos no Brasil. Diante da eclosão da pandemia causada pelo vírus da síndrome respiratória aguda grave coronavírus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), é importante conhecer o impacto dessa doença nas crianças. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a ocorrência de Covid-19 em crianças de 0 a 9 anos de idade do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, bem como sua associação com comorbidades e os desfechos de Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG) e óbito. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, realizado no período de março de 2020 até abril de 2021, com dados oriundos da base de domínio público do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram incluídas crianças de 0 a 9 anos de idades infectada por Covid-19 e consideradas as seguintes variáveis: sintomas, comorbidades e desfechos de SRAG e óbito. A análise dos resultados foi com parâmetros de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: No Rio Grande do Sul, durante o período estudado, 35.131 crianças tiveram o diagnóstico de Covid-19 confirmado, sendo que as comorbidades (pelo menos uma) estavam presentes em 1.323 (3,8%) dos casos, menos frequente que na população adulta. Quanto a frequência das comorbidades, 358 (2,7%) tinham uma comorbidade, 37 (0,3%) duas comorbidades e seis (0,02%) crianças tinham de três a quatro comorbidades associadas. As doenças respiratórias crônicas foram relatadas em 830 (56,2%) casos confirmados, as doenças cardíacas em 181 (12,3%) e a alteração na imunidade em 129 (8,7%) dos casos. Ao comparar os desfechos graves de SRAG entre as crianças com e sem comorbidades, encontrou-se respectivamente 197 (14,9%) versus 253 (0,7%) casos de SRAG com razão de prevalência: RP = 1,17 (IC 95%: 1,14-1,93) e 11 (0,8%) versus 6 (0,02%) casos de óbito com RP = 1,01 (IC95%: 1,00-1,02). Os dados disponíveis na literatura sobre a gravidade da COVID-19 em crianças com comorbidades são escassos, limitando a identificação de condições de maior risco de complicações e mortalidade. Conclusão: No Rio Grande do Sul, as crianças raramente experimentaram as formas graves da Covid-19, porém, quando infectadas e portadoras de comorbidades, tem pior prognóstico quanto aos desfechos de SRAG e óbito. Essa análise reitera a necessidade da vigilância permanente do cuidado integral às crianças, melhorando indicadores de morbidade e diminuindo a mortalidade infantil.

Published
2022
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49. Large Auctions

Author

Barelli, Paulo, primary, Govindan, Srihari, additional, and Wilson, Robert B., additional

Published
2021
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