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Background Surgery is rapidly changing in terms of techniques, education, and methods of conducting research. To keep up with this pace, surgeons have recently focused on collaborative research projects. The aim of this review was to investigate practices for collaborations in surgical research. Methods A scoping review was conducted according to the guidelines proposed by Peters et al. Publications on patterns of collaboration in surgical research between January 2000 and December 2020, irrespective of the study design or language of publication, which were indexed in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, were included. A research librarian assisted in choosing the search terms and conducting the search. The very broad nature of the subject necessitated a pragmatic search strategy, with primary focus on reviews about collaboration. A new form of crowd science was used that explored collaborations using social media and online shared documents. Results The search identified 38 studies that covered different aspects of collaboration in surgical research. Global, specialist, trainee-/student-led, and patient-led collaboratives are growing in number and size. Implementation of information technologies in surgical collaboration is still limited. The review identified attempts to include researchers from low- and middle-income countries in these collaborations, but these were at the early stages. Conclusion There are many patterns of collaboration in surgical research. Involvement of low- and middle-income countries will lead to capacity building in these countries, fast recruitment for surgical trials, and more generalizability of trial results. Due to the complex nature of surgical research, implementation of information technologies might improve the quality of research.

Background: Recent studies have indicated the potential detrimental psychological effects of Instagram use (IU) and problematic Instagram use (PIU) such as positive association between PIU and IU with depression, anxiety, and the negative impact on general wellbeing. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between PIU, IU and depression, anxiety, other psychological distresses, and wellbeing. Methods: The following databases were searched systematically, PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science Collection, Pilots, CINAHL, EBSCOhost, and PsycNet for studies before October 21, 2021. Studies that assessed the association between IU and/or PIU with variables of interest were deemed eligible, studies that assessed problematic social media use in general were excluded. Pearson’s r as pooled effect size/correlation between variables of interest was calculated by Hunter-Schmidt random effect model based on extracted data from published reports of included studies. Findings: A total of 1243 hits were recorded, of which 28 studies were included with total number of participants N=10761, mean age = 19.65 and SD = 6.51. The obtained correlation between PIU and depression, anxiety, and wellbeing with 95% CI was found to be r = 0.35, [0.25, 0.44], r = 0.31, [0.22, 0.40], r = - 0.20, [-0.26, -0.13], respectively. Similarly, for IU and depression r = 0.15, [0.09, 0.21], p 0.05. Statistical heterogeneity across studies in majority of pooled analyses was I2 > 50%. Interpretation: The acquired results indicate a significant positive correlation between PIU and IU with depression, anxiety, and other psychological distress(es) and a negative correlation between PIU and general well-being. From a clinical perspective, the simultaneous treatment of PIU alongside other psychological disorders could increase the overall treatment efficiency, potentially accelerating the recovery process. Funding Information: None. Declaration of Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Background: It is controversial whether extensive resection of right-sided colon cancer (RSCC) confer oncological benefits. The aim of this study was to examine short-and long terms outcomes of extended (ERHC) surgical removal of mesocolon compared to conventional approach (CRHC). Method: This was a retrospective population-based study based on a prospectively maintained Danish Colorectal Cancer Group database. Primary outcome measure was local-regional recurrence in patients who underwent curative resection for RSCC and secondary outcome measures was 30-day post-operative complications. Distant metastasis, unplanned intraoperative adverse events (UIAEs), 30-and 90-day post-operative mortality were also investigated. Patients who had palliative or compromised resection, emergency surgery and neo-adjuvant chemo-therapy were excluded. Results: Of the 12,855 patients with RSCC retrieved, 1,151 underwent ERHC. Patients who had ERHC were younger males with a lower ASA scores, operated by colorectal surgeons, using laparoscopic approach and had a significant higher number of harvested lymph nodes.The rate of local-regional recurrence was 1.1% (136/12,855). 1.5% (249/17.174) with no difference between CRHC and ERHC (OR 1.7 CI 95% 0.63-2.18). Post-operative complications were significantly higher in ERHC even after adjusting for age, comorbidity, access to abdomen and other covariates (OR 1.26 CI 95% 1.01-1.58). No significant difference was noticed between CRHC and ERHC in the rates of distant metastasis, UIAEs and mortality. Conclusion: This large population-based registry study showed no difference in local-regional recurrence of RSCC between conventional and extended right hemicolectomy with mesenteric resection and ligation of the middle colic vessels. Extended resection was associated with higher rates of postoperative complications. Funding Statement: None. Declaration of Interests: None Ethics Approval Statement: The data retrieved from DCCG database were fully anonymized so that none of the patient in the dataset could be traced. Data management was conducted according to the national ethical guidelines. Danish Data Protection Agency (Datatilsynet) approval was obtained (RN-2018-94).

Purposes Acute operations (within 48 h) or urgent (within 2–7 days) carry the risk of unfavorable outcome as the patient is not optimized, the operation is performed by trainees and the disease is severe necessitating acute/urgent intervention. However, Crohn's disease (CD) patients who present as acute disease may have more favorable outcome because they did not receive medications, surgery is performed early and the disease is promptly controlled. Aim To investigate whether CD patients presented first time have more favorable outcome compared to those who are known with CD. Method Retrospective multi-center study. Rate of complications, duration of hospitalization and rate of re-admission were used as a measure of postoperative outcome. Univariate and multi-variate analyses were used. Results Sixty-one patients in whom acute CD was first presentation (group 1) did not have more favorable outcome compared to 167 patients known to have CD (group 2) and presented acute. Mean duration of hospitalization was 8.7 days in group 1 compared to 9.4 days in group 2. Complications occurred in 12/61 patients (19.7%) in group 1 compared to 39/167 patients (23.4%) in group 2: odds ratio 1 .113, CI [0.611–2.024]. No difference in intra-abdominal septic complications rate was found between the two groups: odds ratio 0.932, CI [0.369–2.355]. Re-admission was seen in six patients (9.8%) in group 1 vs. 23 (13.8%) in Group 2: odds ratio 1.464, CI [0.566–3.788]. Conclusion Patients undergoing acute surgery for the first CD presentation did not have more favorable outcome compared to those undergoing acute intestinal resection for known CD.