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Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:53:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Background: Low back pain (LBP) is highly prevalent in children and adolescents, while psychosocial, anthropometric, developmental, and lifestyle factors have been associated. However, the evidence is inconsistent from a biological point of view, so identifying predictors of LBP in the 6–12 years children through physical examination should be appropriate. Aims: To estimate the prevalence of LBP and associated factors in schoolchildren in a Brazilian population. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Three schools in Botucatu, Brazil. Participants/Subjects: 377 students from 6-12 years. Methods: Data collection consisted of questions regarding personal history, socioeconomic and anthropometric information, kinesiologic evaluation with anthropometry, lumbar biophotogrammetry, and backpack weight and use. Descriptive analyses were performed, and simple and multiple logistic regression models were used for risk factors. Results: The prevalence of LBP was 27.32% (confidence interval [CI] 95% = 23.07-32.03). The mean age was 8.85 years (± 1.83) in the group with LBP and 8 years (± 1.76) in the group without LBP (p = .006). Variables such as backpack weight (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45, CI 95% = 1.018-2.064) and exceeding 3 hours per day in front of the television (OR = 7.97, CI 95% = 1.957-32.515) increased the chance of LBP in these students. Conclusion: LBP is prevalent in younger schoolchildren, and the factors associated with this outcome can be effectively addressed through the promotion of health measures. LBP in schoolchildren is a musculoskeletal discomfort that negatively affects the quality of life of these individuals and persists in adulthood. Graduate Program in Collective/Public Health Botucatu Faculty of Medicine Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP Goiano Federal Institute Department of Sociology Social Work and Public Health Faculty of Labour Sciences University of Huelva Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme Universidad Espíritu Santo Graduate Program in Collective/Public Health Botucatu Faculty of Medicine Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos Ha poucos dados na literatura que caracterizam o padrao de uso de analgesicos na America Latina e no Brasil. Tambem se sabe pouco sobre o subtratamento da dor e sua influencia no habito de automedicacao analgesica. O objetivo desta pesquisa e definir o padrao de uso de analgesicos entre os portadores de dor cronica (DC) e a sua potencial associacao a automedicacao analgesica. Metodo Estudo observacional transversal com amostra de populacao urbana. A dor cronica foi definida como aquela presente por pelo menos 90 dias. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comite de Etica em Pesquisa institucional. Resultados Foram incluidos 416 individuos; 45,7% (n = 190) portadores de dor cronica, sendo os do sexo feminino (72,3%; p = 0,04) os mais acometidos. A automedicacao analgesica e praticada por 78,4% dos portadores de dor cronica. O tratamento analgesico vigente mais frequente e composto pelos anti‐inflamatorios nao esteroides (AINES), dipirona e paracetamol. Os opioides fracos sao pouco usados e apenas 2,6% dos individuos com dor cronica fazem uso desses analgesicos. Nenhum dos individuos estava em uso de opioides potentes. Conclusoes A pratica de automedicacao analgesica e frequente entre os portadores de dor cronica, o que pode ser consequencia da pouca prescricao de analgesicos mais potentes, como os opioides. Pode‐se tambem dizer que, pelos dados apresentados, nao ocorre uma crise de uso recreativo de opioides na populacao estudada.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-04T12:36:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-06-01 We present a hospital-based case-control study, which aimed to address the question: are self-reports of musculoskeletal symptoms associated with the occurrence of work-related accidents? The study was conducted among workers aged 17-59 years and residing in Botucatu, Brazil. Cases were workers who had had work-related accidents that required hospitalization, while controls included non-work-related accidents. Altogether, 80 cases and 125 controls were included. Self-reports of musculoskeletal symptoms were assessed by the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Associations between self-reports of musculoskeletal symptoms and work-related accidents were analyzed with logistic regression models. Our results show that self-reports of musculoskeletal symptoms in the upper limbs and in the vertebral column are associated with the occurrence of work-related accidents. Thus, this case-control study suggests (1) that musculoskeletal symptoms in the upper limbs and in the vertebral column are associated with increased odds of work-related accidents; and (2) that the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire may be used as a complementary screening tool for identifying workers at risk for work-related accidents. Sao Paulo State Univ, Publ Hlth Grade Program, Botucatu Med Sch, Prof Mario Rubens Guimaraes Montenegro Ave, BR-18618687 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Huelva, Dept Nursing, Tres Marzo Ave, Huelva 21071, Spain Univ Espiritu Santo, Samborondon Ave, Guayaquil 092301, Guayas, Ecuador Univ Huelva, Dept Sociol Social Work & Publ Hlth, Fuerzas Armadas Ave, Huelva 21071, Spain Sao Paulo State Univ, Publ Hlth Grade Program, Botucatu Med Sch, Prof Mario Rubens Guimaraes Montenegro Ave, BR-18618687 Sao Paulo, Brazil

The Brazilian Cerrado is considered to be the most species-rich savannah region in the world, covering ~2 million km2. Uncontrolled late season fires promote deforestation, produce greenhouse gases (~25% of Brazil's land-use related CO2 emissions between 2003 and 2005) and are a major threat to the conservation of biodiversity in protected areas. Governmental institutions therefore implemented early dry season (EDS) prescribed burnings as part of integrated fire management (IFM) in protected areas of the Cerrado, with the aim to reduce the area and severity of late dry season (LDS) fires. The planning and implementation of EDS prescribed burning is supported by satellite-based geo-information on fuel conditions, derived from Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 data. The Mixture Tuned Matched Filtering algorithm was used to analyse the data, and the relationship between the resulting matched fractions (dry vegetation, green vegetation and soil) and in situ surface fuel samples was assessed. The linear regression of in situ data versus matched filter scores (MF scores) of dry vegetation showed an r2 of 0.81 (RMSE = 0.15) and in situ data versus MF scores of soil showed an r2 of 0.65 (RMSE = 0.38). To predict quantitative fuel load, a multiple linear regression analysis was carried out with MF scores of NPV and soil as predictors (adjusted r2 = 0.86; p

Resumo Justificativa e objetivo Independentemente do progresso do tratamento no periodo perioperatorio, o declinio cognitivo no pos‐operatorio (DCPO) e inequivocamente aceito como uma complicacao importante e frequente da cirurgia em pacientes mais velhos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a incidencia de DCPO e sua influencia na qualidade de vida tres meses apos a cirurgia. Metodos Estudo prospectivo observacional conduzido em Sala de Recuperacao Pos‐Anestesia (SRPA) com pacientes de idade superior a 45 anos, apos cirurgia eletiva de grande porte. A funcao cognitiva foi avaliada com o teste de Avaliacao Cognitiva de Montreal (MOCA) e a qualidade de vida (QV) com o Questionario sobre Qualidade de Vida (SF‐36). As avaliacoes foram feitas no pre‐operatorio (T0) e tres meses apos a cirurgia (T3). Resultados Foram avaliados 41 pacientes. A incidencia de DCPO tres meses apos a cirurgia foi de 24%. Em T3, os escores MOCA foram menores nos pacientes com DCPO (mediana 20 vs. 25, p = 0,009). Ao comparar as medianas dos escores para cada um dos dominios do SF‐36, nao observamos diferencas entre os pacientes com e sem DCPO. Ao comparar cada um dos dominios do SF‐36 obtidos antes e apos tres meses de cirurgia, os pacientes com DCPO apresentaram resultados semelhantes para cada uma das oito areas do SF‐36, enquanto pacientes sem DCPO apresentaram resultados melhores em seis dominios. Em T3, os pacientes com DCPO apresentaram niveis mais elevados de dependencia nas atividades cotidianas. Conclusao Tres meses apos a cirurgia, os pacientes sem DCPO apresentaram melhoria significativa dos escores MOCA. Os pacientes com DCPO nao apresentaram aumento dos escores SF‐36, mas os pacientes sem DCPO apresentaram melhora em quase todos os dominios do SF‐36. Os pacientes com DCPO apresentaram taxas mais elevadas de dependencia na realizacao de atividades cotidianas apos a cirurgia.

Summary Background and objectives The relative density of a local anesthetic in relation to that of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at 37° C is one of the most important physical properties that affect the level of analgesia obtained after the subarachnoid administration of the drug. The objective of this study was to determine the density of local anesthetic solutions, with and without glucose, and the combination of the local anesthetic with adjuvants at 20° C, 25° C, and 37° C. Methods The density (g.mL−1) was determined by using a DMA 450 densimeter with a sensitivity of ± 0.00001 g.mL−1. The densities, and variations, according to the temperature were obtained for all local anesthetics and their combination with opioids at 20°C, 25°C, and 37°C. The solution is hyperbaric if its density exceeds 1.00099, hypobaric when its density is lower than 1.00019, and isobaric when its density is greater than 1.00019 and lower than 1.00099. Results The densities of both local anesthetics and adjuvants decrease with the increase in temperature. At 37° C, all glucose-containing solutions are hyperbaric. In the absence of glucose, all solutions are hypobaric. At 37°C, morphine, fentanyl, sufentanil, and clonidine are hypobaric. Conclusions The densities of local anesthetics and adjuvants decrease with the increase in temperature and increase when glucose is added. The knowledge of the relative density helps select the most adequate local anesthetic to be administered in the subarachnoid space.

( n BuCp) 2 ZrCl 2 was grafted on a series of modified silica and evaluated in ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization and their performance was compared with the homogenous system and with that resulting from its immobilization on bare silica. Silica was modified by polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS), Me 3 SiCl, Ph 3 SiOH, SnCl 4 , isodrin and aldrin. ( n BuCp) 2 ZrCl 2 grafted on PMHS-modified silica afforded the catalyst with the highest activity. Comonomer incorporation, melting point and polydispersity was shown to be dependent on the catalyst nature. Bimodality was observed in the case of ethylene homopolymerization employing PMHS-silica-based catalysts.