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Convolutional neural networks are a promising tool for solving the problem of pattern recognition. Most well-known convolutional neural networks implementations require a significant amount of memory to store weights in the process of learning and working. We propose a convolutional neural network architecture in which the neural network is divided into hardware and software parts to increase performance and reduce the cost of implementation resources. We also propose to use the residue number system (RNS) in the hardware part to implement the convolutional layer of the neural network. Software simulations using Matlab 2018b showed that convolutional neural network with a minimum number of layers can be quickly and successfully trained. The hardware implementation of the convolution layer shows that the use of RNS allows to reduce the hardware costs on 7.86%–37.78% compared to the two’s complement implementation. The use of the proposed heterogeneous implementation reduces the average time of image recognition by 41.17%.

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) represent deep learning architectures that are currently used in a wide range of applications, including computer vision, speech recognition, time series analysis in finance, and many others. At the same time, CNNs are very demanding in terms of the hardware and time cost of a computing system, which considerably restricts their practical use, e.g., in embedded systems, real-time systems, and mobile volatile devices. The goal of this paper is to reduce the resources required to build and operate CNNs. To achieve this goal, a CNN architecture based on Residue Number System (RNS) and the new Chinese Remainder Theorem with fractions is proposed. The new architecture gives an efficient solution to the main problem of RNSs associated with restoring the number from its residues, which determines the main contribution to the CNN structure. In accordance with the results of hardware simulation on Kintex7 xc7k70tfbg484-2 FPGA, the use of RNS in the convolutional layer of a neural network reduces hardware cost by 32.6% compared to the traditional approach based on the binary number system. In addition, the use of the proposed hardware-software architecture reduces the average image recognition time by 37.06% compared to the software implementation.

The formation of Si-C-N interfacial coating (IC) on carbon fibers (CF) from polycarbosilane, oligovinylsilazane and rolivsan was studied. The DSC, thermogravimetry, infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, SEM and EDS were used to study curing and pyrolysis of preceramic compositions (PCs) and to control the processing parameters of infiltration process. The thermokinetic calculations were used to choose the optimal time-temperature conditions of curing and pyrolysis of PCs. The curing and pyrolysis under appropriate conditions makes it possible to obtain the uniform ICs, which increase the thermal oxidative stability of CF. The combustion products of CF with ceramic coating are hollow SiO2 structures with nanometer wall thickness

Aha-cueing is defined as problem solving enhancement when subjects are administered expressions of insight. Two experiments were conducted to examine whether auditory Aha-cues can enhance anagram solving. While solving anagrams, the experimental group was exposed to expressions of insight. The control group performed the same task without being exposed to Aha-cues. In both experiments, the presentation of Aha-cues enhanced anagram solving. We present our findings within the context of feeling-as-information theory (Schwarz, 2011). We propose that feeling of insight holds adaptive functions and fosters specific problem solving strategies.

Data are reported for educational attainments as a measure of intelligence, a number of socio-economic variables, and latitude and longitude for 79 provinces of the Russian Federation. The average intelligence of the provinces was significantly positively correlated with urbanization ( r = 0.43), the percentage of ethnic Russians ( r = 0.39), net migration ( r = 0.54) and latitude ( r = 0.35), such that intelligence was higher in the north, and significantly negatively correlated with infant mortality ( r = − 0.43), fertility ( r = − 0.39) and longitude ( r = − 0.36), such that intelligence was higher in the west.

The O-polysaccharide of Providencia alcalifaciens O35 was studied by sugar and methylation analyses along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, including 2D (1)H,(13)C HMBC, and NOESY experiments in D2O and, to detect correlations for NH protons, in a 9:1 H2O/D2O mixture. A unique N-(1-carboxyethyl)alanine (alanopine, Alo) derivative of 4-amino-4,6-dideoxyglucose (Qui4N) was identified as the polysaccharide component. Alanopine was isolated by solvolysis of the polysaccharide with triflic acid followed by acid hydrolysis, and its (2S,4S)-configuration was determined by the specific optical rotation. The following structure of the O-polysaccharide was established (the d configuration of Qui4N was ascribed tentatively): [structure: see text].

The O-polysaccharide was obtained from the lipopolysaccharide of the stem-nodulating nitrogen-fixing bacterium Azorhizobium caulinodans HAMBI 216 and studied by sugar and methylation analyses along with 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. The polysaccharide was found to have a linear pentasaccharide repeating unit containing d -rhamnose and its rarely occurring 2- O -methyl (Rha2 O Me) and 3- C -methyl (Rha3 C Me) derivatives and having the following structure: →3)-α- d -Rha p 2 O Me-(1→2)-β- d -Rha p 3 C Me-(1→3)-α- d -Rha p -(1→2)-β- d -Rha p 3 C Me-(1→3)-α- d -Rha p -(1→

The O-polysaccharide was obtained by acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide of Pragia fontium 97U124 and studied by sugar analysis and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. A new bacillosamine derivative, 2-acetamido-2,4,6-trideoxy-4-( d -glyceroyl)amino- d -glucose ( d -QuiNAc4NAcyl), was identified as a polysaccharide constituent. The following structure of the O-polysaccharide was established: →3)-α- l -Fuc p NAc-(1→3)-α- l -Fuc p NAc-(1→3)-β- d -Qui p NAc4NAcyl-(1→ This structure is closely related to that of the d -QuiNAc4NAc-containing O-polysaccharide of Pseudomonas aurantiaca IMV 31 established earlier (Knirel, Y. A.; Zdorovenko, G. M.; Veremeychenko, S. N.; Lipkind, G. M.; Shashkov, A. S.; Zakharova, I. Y.; Kochetkov, N. K. Bioorg. Khim. 1988 , 14 , 352–358).

The following structure of the O-polysaccharide of Pragia fontium 27480 was elucidated by sugar analysis, including determination of the absolute configurations of the monosaccharides, and Smith degradation along with 1D and 2D (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy: →4)-β-d-ManpNAc3NAcA-(1→2)-α-l-Rhap-(1→3)-β-l-Rhap-(1→4)-α-d-GlcpNAc-(1→ where ManNAc3NAcA stands for 2,3-diacetamido-2,3-dideoxymannuronic acid.

The O-polysaccharide of Pragia fontium 97U116 was obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide and studied by sugar analysis along with 1D and 2D (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. The following structure of the pentasaccharide-repeating unit was established: -->2)-alpha-d-Galf-(1-->3)-alpha-l-Rhap2Ac(I)-(1-->4)-alpha-d-GlcpNAc(I)-(1-->2)-alpha-l-Rhap(II)-(1-->3)-beta-d-GlcpNAc(II)-(1-->

A new approach to overcoming the degradation of peptides by digestive enzymes and their targeting to the blood via the digestive apparatus was developed. It is shown that after oral administration of diluted insulin solutions to healthy animals and animals with experimental diabetes, insulin passes very rapidly through the stomach, does not undergo proteolytic degradation and its absorption is sufficient to produce the hypo- glycemic effect. This approach gives a chance of creating a novel strategy for diabetes treatment.

Sorbents for the removal of proteolytic enzymes from biological fluids were synthesized by immobilization of proteinase inhibitor, ovomucoid from duck egg white, in polymeric hydrogel matrix. The immobilization of the protein inhibitor modified by acryloyl chloride occurs during copolymerization of the unsaturated derivative of inhibitor with hydrophilic monomer and crosslinking agent. It was shown that the sorbent obtained possesses a high affinity for proteinases and is haemocompatible. The use of the haemosorbent for eliminating excess activated proteinase from blood is proposed.

A serine proteinase inhibitor (ovomucoid) has been isolated from duck egg white. The duck ovomucoid effectively inhibited HLE, PPE, chymotrypsin, and HCG in a 1:1 molar ratio, and trypsin in a 1:2 molar ratio. Inhibition of human plasmin and porcine pancreatic kallikrein was not observed. The ovomucoid shows equilibrium dissociation constants of 0.002; 2.4; 2.2; 6.1; and 18.0 nM for HLE, PPE, chymotrypsin, trypsin, and HCG, respectively. The molecule of inhibitor can simultaneously bind two trypsin molecules and one molecule of elastase (or chymotrypsin).

Analysis was carried out of the results of complex therapy in 32 patients with acute destructive pancreatitis for which haemosorbtion on Ovosorb, a biospecific antiproteinase haemosorbent containing an immobilized ovomucoid, was used. The clinical efficiency of haemosorbtion was displayed as a decrease in gravity of endogenous intoxication and related functional and metabolic disturbances, as well as in a reduction of lethality from 24.7% to 6.2%.

An immobilized double-headed inhibitor from Phaseolus vulgaris L. selectively binds the trypsin-like enzyme produced by Streptomyces griseus . Binding takes place at pH 8.0, and at pH 2.0 the protease can be quantitatively released from the complex. Purified by affinity chromatography, the trypsin-like enzyme is homogeneous according to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation data. Physico-chemical and enzymic properties of the enzyme are identical to those exhibited by the enzyme purified by ion-exchange chromatography. Chymoelastases from Str. griseus as well as the subtilisin-like enzyme do not interact with an immobilized inhibitor. In solution, the inhibitor from P. vulgaris gives a stable ternary complex with bovine trypsin and chymotrypsin, whereas with an immobilized inhibitor the trypsin, if present, tends to displace chymotrypsin in an chymotrypsin inhibitor complex. This evidence suggests that immobilization results in considerable changes in inhibitor properties.

The interaction of cyclopentadienyl and arene derivatives of carbonyl complexes of Group V, VI and VII transition metals with AlCl 3 in benzene and CH 2 Cl 2 solutions has been studied by IR spectroscopy. The formation of adducts involving the metal atom or the carbonyl oxygen atom was observed. The reaction path depends on the structure of the complex and on the nature of the solvent. In benzene the adduct formation at the CO ligand is more favourable than in CH 2 Cl 2 solution. Introduction of a phosphine ligand in the place of the CO group or introduction of donor substituents into the π-ring increases the basicity of the central metal atom and makes adduct formation at the metal more probable. The basicity of the metal atom in complexes with the same ligands increases with increases of atomic number in the group. CpRe(CO) 2 Br 2 forms adducts with AlCl 3 at the bromine atoms ( 1 1 and sol1 2 ). For Fe(CO) 4 PPh 3 and Fe(CO) 3 (PPh 3 ) 2 complex formation takes place at the iron atom.

The purpose of present investigation was to study the thyrotropic activity of the hypophysis (TSH synthesis and secretion) in rats of different age. The experiments involved male rats of the four age groups: 1.5–2, 8–10, 18–24, 28–32 months. Being relatively low in immature rats, the thyrotropic activity of the hypophysis increased significantly at adulthood and then gradually decreased with aging. The decreased TSH synthesis and secretion in old animals appeared to be linked with the increased T4-deiodinating capacity of the hypophyseal tissue.