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Purpose The aim of this study was to describe the relation between occlusal features and enzyme replacement therapy in patients with mucopolysaccharidoses. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample consisted of 20 patients with mucopolysaccharidoses, 10 of whom were undergoing treatment at a hospital in northeast Brazil. Occlusal features were evaluated by clinical examination and panoramic radiography. A structured questionnaire was administered to evaluate the dental care of each patient. Pearson χ2, Fisher exact, and Mann-Whitney tests were used for data analysis, with a level of significance of 5%. Results Marked overjet (75%) and anterior open bite (70%) were the most frequent occlusal alterations, and 15% had Class III disorders. Radiography visualized the presence of impacted teeth (75%) and prolonged retention of deciduous teeth (65%). Patients with enzyme replacement therapy had a lower average maximum protrusion (P = .033). A total of 75% of mothers said they had not been advised to take their children to the dentist and 10% of children had never been to the dentist. Conclusion Patients with mucopolysaccharidoses exhibited notable occlusal alterations, especially marked overjet and anterior open bite. Enzyme replacement therapy seems to influence the maximum protrusion of patients.

Objectives To investigate the radiographic findings of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) on panoramic radiographs in a series of 16 patients. Study Design This retrospective cross-sectional study included panoramic radiographs of 16 patients with cytogenetically diagnosed MPS. Two blinded, previously calibrated observers evaluate the presence or absence of the following features: type of dentition; stage of dental age in comparison with chronologic age; delayed exfoliation of deciduous teeth; supernumerary teeth; teeth impaction; enlarged, cyst-like dental crypt; hypercementosis; taurodontism; generalized enamel hypoplasia; enlargement of the bone marrow spaces; thinning of cortical bone; unusual morphology of condyles; and flattening of the condylar head. Results The final sample was composed of 8 MPS IV, 7 MPS VI, and 1 MPS I cases. All patients presented unusual morphology of condyles. Cyst-like dental crypt (75%), taurodontism, and teeth impaction (68.75% each) were also overall common findings. Generalized enamel hypoplasia was exclusively identified in patients with MPS IV (75% of those patients). Conclusions Radiographic features of oral and maxillofacial manifestations in patients with MPS frequently encountered by dentists may help recognize the disorder. However, because of sample size limitations, it was not possible to infer any statistical relationship between the radiographic features and the types of MPS.

Objective The aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of oral cancer in patients admitted to a referral oncology hospital. Study Design Cross-sectional and descriptive study, in which 166 patients diagnosed with cancer were examined. Results Of the admitted patients, there was a prevalence of males (64.5%) with an average age of 51.7 years and nonwhite color (59%). Among the various types of cancer, acute leukemia (34.9%) was the most prevalent, followed by lymphomas (16.9%), pharynx and larynx (7.8%), mouth (6%), lung (6%), and head and neck cancer (6%). Chemotherapy was the most prescribed (58.4%) therapeutic approach, followed by its association with radiotherapy (18.7%), and only radiotherapy (9.6%). Radiotherapy was the most used treatment for oral cancer. Conclusions In the evaluated sample, oral cancer was the fourth most prevalent type, predominating for the sixth decade of life, in a ratio of 4 males to 1 female. Radiotherapy was the most-used treatment. Financial support: PIBIC.

A 70-year-old female patient was referred to the stomatology clinic for evaluation of an injury on her tongue. On medical history, it was found she was a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, using antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, and antihistamine agents along with insulin, eye drops, and sedatives. She was also being seen by an endocrinologist. She is allergic to many medications (acetylsalicylic acid and its derivatives, dipyrone, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). On oral examination, the patient had a dry oral mucosa with little lubrication and mild candidosis of the tongue, treated by ketoconazole. The clinical diagnosis was Sjogren syndrome. Anti-SSA and anti-SSB were found to be positive. A rheumatoid factor (RF) test was within the normal limits, as was the hemogram. The patient has not yet consented to lip biopsy due to decompensated diabetes (glycated hemoglobin 7.6% and fasting glycemia 115 mg/dL). The patient was referred to the doctor for diabetes control and is under proper follow-up care.

Purpose Studies addressing the changes in craniofacial morphology of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) are important for a better understanding of the progression of this disease. The present objective was to identify major cephalometric abnormalities in these patients. Materials and Methods This was a cross-sectional case-and-control study. The sample was composed of 2 types of study subjects (patients with MPS and normal subjects). The outcome variables were numerous cephalometric elements that measure facial height, dental positioning, facial growth pattern, and mandibular and maxillary positioning. The Student t test was used to compare the mean angular and linear measurements of the case and control groups and the level of significance was set at a P value less than .05. The Bonferroni method was used for adjustment of the P value ( P Results The control group consisted of randomly selected subjects matched to the patients with MPS for the demographic variables of gender and age. Seventeen patients with MPS were evaluated (64.7% female). The mean age of the sample was 13.29 years. One patient had MPS I, 8 had MPS IV, and 8 had MPS VI. The results showed important differences between groups in angular measurements (angle formed by the line between the sella and nasion [SN] and the plane of the gonion and gnathion, angle formed by the intersection of the gnathion point and the SN line, angle formed by the intersection of the long axis of the lower incisor with the line between the nasion and the B point, angle formed by the intersection of the long axes of the upper and lower incisors, and angle formed by the Frankfort horizontal plane with the mandibular plane) and linear measurements (condyle to A point, condyle to gnathion, pro-nasal ( Pn) point to the line between the pogonion and upper incisor, and the nearest point of the anterior half of the soft palate to the posterior pharyngeal wall). The angle formed by the SN line with the plane between the gonion and the gnathion and the distance from the condyle to the A point showed meaningful differences after Bonferroni adjustment. Conclusion Patients with MPS present a tendency toward vertical growth that results in a dolichocephalic facial pattern. In addition, a smaller nasopharyngeal space was observed, a factor that might be responsible for the mouth breathing observed in these patients.