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What is lacking from the literature and practice of library print collection assessment is a mathematical function that can integrate variables and quantify the overall measurement of the collection as a final score for the library science practitioners and administrators. The study uses the information entropy to explain a mathematical procedure on how to define variables from the regular circulation statistics. Based on the assessment concepts of circulation statistics and user behavior, the study explores to develop mathematical functions and proposes a Collection-User Suitability index to quantify the suitability measurement of the overall collection and the user intention. The study then considers the extreme conditions to validate the functions and verifies the application of the function via empirical and simulated data. Finally, the authors developed a computing tool and uploaded it to GitHub for free access based on the study's results. It is hoped that library science practitioners and administrators can utilize the mathematical function.

Journal subject categorisation is not only a significant foundation for evaluating journal impact and ranking journals but also has become an increasingly important research focus in academia. As the gatekeepers of scholarly journals, editors play a critical role in directing their journal’s subject orientation. In this study, the category of Information Science and Library Science (IS-LS) is reclassified according to editorship information covering research interests, research experience, professional identity, and affiliated departments. Unlike earlier studies using interlocking editorship data, this study utilises the subject-related information of 232 editors to classify 77 IS-LS journals into five categories: Management Information Systems (MIS, 22 journals), Information Science (IS, 14 journals), Library Science (LS, 28 journals), Scientometrics (SM, 3 journals), and “Others” (10 journals). The study concludes that there are descriptive differences in editorship characteristics for the subfields’ journals, such as a size advantage in the editorial team of the majority of MIS journals compared to LIS journals (our LIS category consists of IS, LS, and SM journals). Our technique of journal subject categorisation is novel, making our research meaningful and helpful for editorial team governance of journals, including, in selecting editors with a variety of research focus backgrounds.

In the discipline of library and information science (LIS), a qualitative analysis of the meaningful use of theory in contemporary scholarly literature is critical to helping scholars expand their repertoire of knowledge about various theories and helping them make informed decisions about how to skillfully integrate theory in their research. This study explored how theory was presented and talked about in seven prominent library science-focused journals from 2009 to 2011. Through a process of analytic induction, categories representing a continuum of theory talk were identified and their relationships examined. Three main types of theory talk in library research are defined, ranging from minimal (theory dropping), moderate (theory conversation), to major (theory generation). The categories and their relationships generate a rich discussion about the intensity and degree to which theory is being discussed and used in a less-examined subset of library and information science research journals. This research contributes both an explanatory structure and substantive discussion regarding theory use in library science to the professional literature.

Real-world multi-objective optimization problems encounter different types of uncertainty that may affect the quality of solutions. One common type is the stochastic noise that contaminates the objective functions. Another type of uncertainty is the different forms of dynamism including changes in the objective functions. Although related work in the literature targets only a single type, in this paper, we study Dynamic Multi-objective Optimization problems (DMOPs) contaminated with stochastic noises by dealing with the two types of uncertainty simultaneously. In such problems, handling uncertainty becomes a critical issue since the evolutionary process should be able to distinguish between changes that come from noise and real environmental changes that resulted from different forms of dynamism. To study both noisy and dynamic environments, we propose a flexible mechanism to incorporate noise into the DMOPs. Two novel techniques called Multi-Sensor Detection Mechanism (MSD) and Welford-Based Detection Mechanism (WBD) are proposed to differentiate between real change points and noise points. The proposed techniques are incorporated into a set of Dynamic Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms (DMOEAs) to analyze their impact. Our empirical study reveals the effectiveness of the proposed techniques for isolating noise from real dynamic changes and diminishing the noise effect on performance.

Este artículo de investigación se encuentra disponible en la siguiente URL: https://www.revistanefrologia.com/es-pdf-S0211699521001570 En este artículo de investigación también participan: Ramón A. García-Trabanino, Miguel Hueso, Pedro Trinidad, Aquiles Jara, Mónica Furlano, Rosana Gelpi, Ana Vila-Santandreu, César A. Restrepo, Maya Sánchez-Baya, Carolt Arana, Marián Goicoechea, Verónica Coll, Julián Segura, Orlando Gutiérrez, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Emilio Sánchez y Alejandro Ferreiro.

Funding Information: W.X. acknowledges the funding from Tandem Forest Values (Project STRONGAD). Prof. Pekka Peljo is thanked for helping with contact angle measurements. Olle Engkvists Stiftelse (Sweden) is acknowledged for funding the nano infrared microscope as well as a postdoc scholarship for K.N. Dr. Leena-Sisko Johansson is thanked for assisting with XPS analyses and data interpretation. Dr. Katja Heise is thanked for helping with GPC measurements. Dr. Zhuojun Meng and Tao Zou (M.Sc.) are thanked for valuable discussions. This work made use of Aalto University Bioeconomy and RawMatters Facilities. We also acknowledge the provision of facilities and technical support by Aalto University at OtaNano - Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto-NMC). The study is a part of FinnCERES Materials Bioeconomy Ecosystem. Funding Information: W.X. acknowledges the funding from Tandem Forest Values (Project STRONGAD). Prof. Pekka Peljo is thanked for helping with contact angle measurements. Olle Engkvists Stiftelse (Sweden)is acknowledged for funding the nano infrared microscope as well as a postdoc scholarship for K.N. Dr. Leena-Sisko Johansson is thanked for assisting with XPS analyses and data interpretation. Dr. Katja Heise is thanked for helping with GPC measurements. Dr. Zhuojun Meng and Tao Zou (M.Sc.) are thanked for valuable discussions. This work made use of Aalto University Bioeconomy and RawMatters Facilities. We also acknowledge the provision of facilities and technical support by Aalto University at OtaNano - Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto-NMC). The study is a part of FinnCERES Materials Bioeconomy Ecosystem. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s) Hypothesis: Solid-state polymer adsorption offers a distinct approach for surface modification. These ultrathin, so-called Guiselin layers can easily be obtained by placing a polymer melt in contact with an interface, followed by a removal of the non-adsorbed layer with a good solvent. While the mechanism of formation has been well established for Guiselin layers, their stability, crucial from the perspective of materials applications, is not. The stability is a trade-off in the entropic penalty between cooperative detachment of the number of segments directly adsorbed on the substrate and consecutively pinned monomers. Experiments: Experimental model systems of Guiselin layers of polystyrene (PS) on silicon wafers with native oxide layer on top were employed. The stability of the adsorbed layers was studied as a function of PS molecular weight and polydispersibility by various microscopic and spectroscopic tools as well as quasi-static contact angle measurements. Findings: Adsorbed layers from low molecular weight PS were disrupted with typical spinodal decomposition patterns whereas high molecular weight (>500 kDa) PS resulted in stable, continuous layers. Moreover, we show that Guiselin layers offer an enticing way to modify a surface, as demonstrated by adsorbed PS that imparts a hydrophobic character to initially hydrophilic silicon wafers.

Lublin in the period of the Lublin Union (1569) is an interdisciplinary research project conducted by the “Grodzka Gate – NN Theatre” Centre in Lublin as a part of the celebration of the 450th anniversary of signing the Union of Lublin Act - one of the most important historical events in 16th-century Europe, during which the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was constituted. This paper aims to present the research process by which an innovative Historical GIS web platform, based on an object-orientated database design, was tested and refined. The portal uses four pillars of spatial-temporal databases (events, people, places, sources) to collect data and develop historical narratives presenting various events in the history of the city and the region. The idea behind the project was to develop an Internet portal that would acknowledge modern users with the historical event of the Union of Lublin from the perspective of the then resident of Lublin. What is known about the 16th-century Lublin? What did the city and its surroundings look like? Who lived in Lublin? Who used to visit it? What architectural elements and traces of cultural heritage have been saved to this day? The reconstruction of the 16th-century urban space was carried out using the retrogression method of 11 early plans and maps of Lublin, verified and supplemented with the latest archaeological findings, accurate architectural research (geo-radar, laser scanning) and an extensive archival query. Thanks to the Historical GIS technology, the research results have been published in the form of a universal platform ( www.teatrnn.pl/unia-lubelska ), with an interactive web-map of 16th-century Lublin (Google Maps API implementation) and modelling urban facilities with 3D technology (SketchUp & Unity). The designed technological solution is scalable, making it possible to search and combine individual records (e.g. person-event-address) as well as entire groups of records on higher hierarchical levels (social groups - sequences of events - multifaceted maps). The portal editing panel is dedicated to humanists (historians, journalists, sociologists, etc.) without specialist knowledge of GIS. The functions integrated with the CMS facilitate mapping the content collected in the database and embedding the narration in an adequate context of the historical space. As a result, editors preparing a thematic article have a searchable set of documents, facts, people and places at their disposal, and their task is to fill the narrative with descriptive content. This is a universal model for building deep maps and spatial narratives.

During standard parasitological dissection of 4 individuals of European pond turtle (E. orbicularis) (Linneaus, 1758) one nematode was found. In a morphological examination the parasite was identified as Spiroxys contortus (Rudolphi, 1819) and confirmed by DNA analysis based on sequencing of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. The partial 18S rDNA gene was deposited to NCBI GenBank with the accession number MN629917. This is the first molecular evidence of S. contortus in E. orbicularis from wild from Poland. The analyzed sample genotype sequence shows 100% similarity to the reference specimen from Argentina., Graphical abstract Image 1, Highlights • The first case of Spiroxys contortus infestation in Emys orbicularis in the wild in Poland. • Molecular analysis of S. contortus - the first data to GenBank. • Analysis of possible sources of S. controtus invasion in E. orbicularis.

The International Symposium on Lipid Science and Health (ISLSH), which was organized annually by Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (OCRI-CAAS) since 2016, has gained a strong reputation and attracted hundreds of delegates from around the world for discussion of lipid research trends and advances every year, to promote research and academic exchanges in the fields of lipid science and health. The 5th International Symposium on lipid Science and Health was successfully held in Wuhan, China, from October 23rd to 25th, 2020, to celebrate the 60th anniversary of OCRI-CAAS. The two-day symposium gathered well-known experts specialized in lipid science to share the current state of lipid research with emphasis on aspects covering: (1) lipid profiling and characterization, (2) lipid preparation and modification, (3) lipid improvement and regulation, and (4) lipid nutrition and health. The symposium was conducted by a combination of on-site and network meeting. More than 250 distinguished delegates from academia and industry participated in the on-site multidisciplinary meeting, and thousands of scholars attended the virtual event. This paper is as a record of the symposium proceedings and a brief summary of the advances and trends in 4 aspects of lipid science and health.

In this work the effect of water temperature (6 +/- 1 degrees C and 22 +/- 1 degrees C) on inactivation of bacteria (104 -106 CFU mL-1; Pseudomonas spp., Aeromonas spp. and Enterobacter spp.) in simulated aquaculture streams (SAS) using UVA based advanced oxidation processes (AOP) (H2O2-assisted UVA; photocatalysis; H2O2-assisted photocatalysis) and solar driven AOPs (H2O2-assisted solar disinfection, SODIS) was studied. Efficiency at 22 degrees C in terms of inactivation rate was higher using H2O2-assisted photocatalysis (H2O2/UVA-TiO2/polysiloxane) > H2O2-assisted UVA disinfection (UVA/H2O2 - 10 mg L-1) > photocatalysis (UVA-TiO2/polysiloxane) > UVA disinfection. At low temperature (6 degrees C) the inactivation rate increased with SODIS/H2O2 > SODIS > H2O2assisted UVA disinfection (UVA/H2O2 - 10 mg L-1) > H2O2-assisted photocatalysis (H2O2/UVA-TiO2/polysiloxane) > photocatalysis (UVA-TiO2/polysiloxane). The main results indicate that the inactivation rates increased when hydrogen peroxide (10 mg L-1) was used during H2O2-assisted UVA disinfection and photocatalysis. In addition, exposure of SAS to hydrogen peroxide for 24 h (in absence of light) at room temperature decreased the subsequent exposure UVA irradiation dose by almost four times. Drastic increase of inactivation rate was observed at low water temperature (6 +/- 1 degrees C) when UVA- and solarbased AOPs were employed compared to 22 +/- 1 degrees C. The treatment with SODIS proved to be more effective in Finland than in Spain. The effect of the low temperature (6 +/- 1 degrees C) was proposed as a critical factor during UVA disinfection (UVA/H2O2 and photocatalysis) that can increase the disinfection rate constant (kmax) by 1.3-5.2 times, leading to a reduction of the treatment costs ( euro m-3) by 1.3-3.3 times. The mechanism of observed enhanced disinfection at low water temperature (6 +/- 1 degrees C) when natural solar light and UVA are employed as irradiation sources for UVA/H2O2 and photocatalytic bacteria inactivation was proposed. No regrowth was observed in case of H2O2-assisted AOPs., This work was supported by a national research project (SUNRAS PROJECT, Project AGL2016-80507-R) funded by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Plan Nacional de I + D + i (2013-2016). The research was also supported by a PIF contract (UCA/REC01VI/2017) funded by Vicerrectorado de Investigacion of Universidad de Cadiz. D. Sc. Juan Jose Rueda-Marquez is grateful for financial support from Academy of Finland within the project '' Combination of Advanced Oxidation Processes and Photobiotreatment for Sustainable Resource Recovery and Wastewater Reuse'' (application number 322339). T. Homola acknowledges financial support by Czech Science Foundation project 19-14770Y and project LM2018097 funded by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic. Document

[EN] The extraction of nanochitin from marine waste has attracted great industrial interest due to its unique properties, namely biodegradability, biocompatibility and as a functional reinforcing agent. Conventional acid hydrolysis isolation of nanochitin requires high temperatures and acid concentration, time and energy. Herein, for the first time, microwave irradiation method was used as an eco-friendly approach to isolate nanochitin from different sources. The isolation conditions were optimized through an experimental Box-Behnken design using surface response methodology. The data showed optimal conditions of 1 M HCl, 10.00 min and 124.75 W to obtain lobster nanocrystals; 1 M HCl, 14.34 min and 50.21 W to obtain shrimp nanocrystals; and 1 M HCl, 29.08 min and 54.08 W to obtain squid pen nanofibres, reducing time and HCl concentration. The obtained isolation yields where of 85.30, 79.92 and 80.59 % for lobster, shrimp and squid, respectively. The morphology of the nanochitins was dependent of the chitin origin, and the lengths of the nanochitins were of 314.74, 386.12 and > 900 nm for lobster, shrimp and squid pen, respectively. The thermal stability of the ensuing nanochitins was maintained after treatment. The results showed that nanochitin could be obtained by using an eco-friendly approach like microwave irradiation. The authors would like to thank the Basque Government (scholarship of young researchers training and project IT1008-16) for supporting financially this research and their gratitude for technical and human support provided by SGIker (UPV/EHU/ERDF, EU). S.C.M.F. is the recipient of an E2S UPPA Research Partnership Chair (MANTA: Marine Materials) supported by the “Investissements d’Avenir” French program managed by ANR (ANR-16-IDEX-0002), the R ́egion Nouvelle-Aquitaine and the Communaut ́e d’Agglom ́eration du Pays Basque, France.

Moringa oleifera Lam. is an important plant with multiple benefits for humans, and has been termed “the miracle plant” by many. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of M. oleifera (MO) in the last two decades with data indexed on the Scopus database. The objective is to evaluate how research outputs on the plant have evolved within the period with a focus on country, institution, journal and author participation. The analysis was limited to the search command - article title “Moringa oleifera”, for original research articles and conference presentations. The search output was 2,345 documents, representing 97% of all time published reports on the subject. A data analysis software – VOSviewer 1.6.15 (Leiden, Netherlands) was used to analyze the data generated from Scopus. So far, 98 countries have contributed to research publications on MO, with India leading the pack. The most productive author is Rosângela Bergamasco of the Universidade Estadual de Maringa in Brazil with 60 published articles on MO. This institution is also the leading contributor to research outputs on the plant. The most cited author – Farooq Anwar is affiliated with the University of Sargodha, Pakistan with 1091 citations distributed over 11 publications on the plant. The South African Journal of Botany continues to lead in terms of the publication number with 64 original articles on MO while the Journal of Ethnopharmacology's published articles had the most citations (1166). VOSviewer analysis established Egypt, Nigeria and India as the countries with the best international link strength. The research areas on the plant are mainly on the pharmacological, food and nutritional uses as well as its applications in water treatment, environmental management and biofuel production.

Numerous studies on cancer, biopharmaceuticals, and clinical trials have necessitated comprehensive and precise analysis of protein O-glycosylation. However, the lack of updated and convenient databases deters the storage and utilization of emerging O-glycoprotein data. To resolve this issue, an O-glycoprotein repository named OGP was established in this work. It was constructed with a collection of O-glycoprotein data from different sources. OGP contains 9354 O-glycosylation sites and 11,633 site-specific O-glycans mapping to 2133 O-glycoproteins, and it is the largest O-glycoprotein repository thus far. Based on the recorded O-glycosites, an O-glycosylation site prediction tool was developed. Moreover, an OGP-backed website is already available (http://www.oglyp.org/). The website comprises four specially designed and user-friendly modules: Statistic Analysis, Database Search, Site Prediction, and Data Submit. The first version of OGP repository and the website allow users to obtain vast O-glycoprotein related information, such as protein accession numbers, glycopeptides, site-specific glycan structures, experimental methods, and potential glycosylation sites. O-glycosylation data mining can be performed efficiently on this website, which can greatly facilitates O-glycosylation studies.

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As herbaria move to digitize their collections, the question remains of how to efficiently digitize collections other than standard herbarium sheets, such as wood slide collections. Beginning in September 2018, the Harvard University Herbaria began a project to image and digitize the wood slides contained in the Bailey-Wetmore Wood Collection. The primary goal of this project was to produce images of the wood tissue that could be used for specimen-level research and to make them available on the internet for remote scholarship. A secondary goal was to establish best practices for digitizing and imaging a microscope slide collection of tissue sections. Due to the size of the wood slide collection (approximately 30,000 slides), a medical histology scanner and virtual microscopy software were used to image these slides. This article outlines the workflow used to create these images and compares the results with digital resources currently available for wood anatomy research. Prior to this project, the very little of the Bailey-Wetmore Wood Collection was cataloged digitally and none of it was imaged, which made access to this unique collection difficult. By imaging and digitizing 6,605 slides in the collection, this project has demonstrated how other institutions can make similar slide collections available to the broader scientific community.

Given that the Asian-South Pacific Association of Sport Psychology has recently passed 30 years since its creation, it would be interesting to examine the pattern of scientific publications of researchers from the Asian and South Pacific region over that period. This bibliometric analysis summarizes and analyses sport and exercise psychology publications from the region from the establishment of the Association in 1989 to the present. We conducted a systematic search of publications authored by researchers from the Asian and South Pacific region in nine sport and exercise psychology journals indexed in the Web of Science from 1989 to 2020. We analysed overall trends, the most prominent authors in terms of number of publications and citations, keywords as a reflection of noteworthy topics, and maps representing co-authorship, country, and institution clusters. Of the total of 1,003 publications, more than half were published after 2012. The most prolific authors with at least 30 publications each were James A. Dimmock, Ben Jackson, and Daniel F. Gucciardi who are all affiliated to Australian universities. Authors of the top 10 most cited publications are affiliated to Australian, New Zealand, and Singapore universities. The universities with the most publications were from Australia (University of Western Australia, University of Queensland, Curtin University, Victoria University, University of Wollongong, and Australian Catholic University), Hong Kong (University of Hong Kong), New Zealand (University of Otago), Singapore (Nanyang Technological University), and Taiwan (National Taiwan Sport University). There is co-authorship between countries in the Asian and South Pacific region as well as outside the region. Most of the collaborations outside the region were with the USA and England.

Joseph Wild is a PhD student in the Materials Science and Engineering program at Columbia University. He obtained his MEng in Mechanical Engineering from Imperial College London in 2020. His research mainly focuses on lithium-ion batteries, with an emphasis on advanced materials, modeling, and degradation diagnostics. Rishav Choudhury is a master’s student in the Materials Science and Engineering program at Columbia University. He obtained his BSE in Materials Science and Engineering from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor in 2020. His research mainly focuses on solid-state batteries with a focus on interfacial stability. Yuan Yang is currently an associate professor of materials science in the department of applied physics and applied mathematics at Columbia University. He received his PhD at Stanford University in 2012. Dr. Yang’s research interests include advanced energy storage and thermal energy management. He has published more than 80 papers with a total citation over 20,000 times and an H-index of 46. Dr. Yang is a Scialog fellow on Advanced Energy Storage and a Web of Science Highly Cited Researcher in 2020. He has won a Young Innovator Award by Nano Research and an Emerging Investigators Award by Journal of Materials Chemistry A.

Carlo A.R. Perini is a post-doctoral researcher at Georgia Institute of Technology, Energy Materials Lab. His studies focus on the development and understanding of interface passivation of 3D metal halide perovskites using vapor deposition routes. He has a PhD in Physics at Politecnico di Milano, in collaboration with the Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), focused on the study of energy efficient, scalable, and environmentally friendly deposition routes for lead halide perovskites. Tiarnan A. S. Doherty is a PhD student in the Cavendish laboratory at the University of Cambridge working on nanoscale structure property relationships in metal-halide perovskites. He received the gold graduate student award at the Fall Materials Research Society meeting. Samuel D. Stranks is a University Lecturer in Energy and Royal Society University Research Fellow at the University of Cambridge. His group's research focuses on the optical and electronic properties of emerging semiconductors for low-cost, transformative electronics applications including light-harvesting (e.g., photovoltaic) and light-emission (e.g., LED) devices. He received the 2018 Henry Moseley Award and Medal from the Institute of Physics, the 2019 Marlow Award from the Royal Society of Chemistry, and is a co-founder of Swift Solar, a startup developing lightweight perovskite PV panels. Juan-Pablo Correa-Baena is an Assistant Professor and Goizueta Junior Faculty Chair in the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology. His group focuses on the understanding and control of electronic dynamics at the nanoscale for low-cost semiconductors, such as halide perovskites. He completed his PhD at the University of Connecticut, followed by a postdoctoral fellowship at EPFL, Switzerland, then a US Department of Energy postdoctoral fellowship at MIT, USA. Robert L. Z. Hoye is a Lecturer (Assistant Professor) at Imperial College London. He leads the Energy Materials and Devices group, which is working on developing defect-tolerant semiconductors and their application in optoelectronic devices. This includes tandem photovoltaics, indoor solar cells, and light-emitting diodes. Robert has received the Young Engineer of the Year Award from the Royal Academy of Engineering, the Sir Henry Royce Medal from the Institution of Engineering and Technology, and the Rising Star Award from the Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology.

Objective Bibliometric analyses are commonly used to measure the productivity of researchers or institutions but rarely used to assess the scientific contribution of national surveys/datasets. We applied bibliometric methods to quantify the contributions of the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) and the National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs (NS-CSHCN) to the body of pediatric health-related research. We also examined dissemination to nonresearch audiences by analyzing media coverage of statistics and research produced from the surveys. Methods We conducted a search of the Web of Science database to identify peer-reviewed articles related to the NSCH and NS-CSHCN published between 2002 and 2019. We summarized information about citation counts, publishing journals, key research areas, and institutions using the surveys. We used the Lexis Advance database Nexis to assess media coverage. Results The publication set included 716 NSCH/NS-CSHCN journal articles published between 2002 and June 2019. These publications have in turn been cited 22,449 times, including in 1614 review articles. Over 180 journals have published NSCH/NS-CSHCN articles, and the most commonly covered research areas are in pediatrics; public, environmental and occupational health; psychology; and health care sciences and services. Over 500 institutions have used NSCH/NS-CSHCN data to publish journal articles, and over 950 news media articles have cited statistics or research produced by the surveys. Conclusions NSCH/NS-CSHCN data are widely used by government, academic, and media institutions. Bibliometric methods provide a systematic approach to quantify and describe the contributions to the scientific literature made possible with these data.

Chelsea Catania is a Postdoctoral Associate in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She received a BS in Materials Science and Engineering from the University of Florida. She was an NSF graduate research fellow and obtained her PhD in Materials Science from the University of California, Santa Barbara. Her research interests are in the modification of biotic-abiotic interfaces for microbial electrochemical technologies and human health. Amruta A. Karbelkar is a Postdoctoral Associate in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She obtained her MS in Chemistry from the Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India. She obtained her PhD in Chemistry from the University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Her research focuses on developing electrochemical platforms to study microbial electron transfer and diagnostics for infectious diseases. Ariel L. Furst is an Assistant Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She obtained her BS in Chemistry from the University of Chicago and her PhD in Chemistry from the California Institute of Technology. She was then an Arnold O. Beckman Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of California, Berkeley. Her lab combines electrochemical methods with biomolecular and materials engineering to address challenges in human health and clean energy.

Catherine Hobaiter, John Walter Akankwasa, Geresomu Muhumuza, Moreen Uwimbabazi and Inza Koné discuss the importance of local specialists in science.

Shilpi Kushwaha received her PhD (2012) from the Maharaja Sayajirao University (MSU), Vadodara, and then worked as a Fulbright-Nehru Postdoctoral Research Fellow (PDF) at Arizona State University and as a Young Scientist (DST-YS) at the National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Pune. She is an assistant professor at the Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) and a scientist at the Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI). Her current research is focused on materials (i.e., small molecules, polymers, self-assemblies, and nanomaterials) for molecular recognition, pollutant scavenging, and recovery. Ketan Patel received his PhD (2013) from MSU and later worked as a PDF at the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and as a DST-YS at CSIR-NCL, Pune. He is currently an assistant professor at AcSIR and a senior scientist at CSIR-CSMCRI. His ongoing research focuses on organic and inorganic polymeric and hybrid materials for catalysis and separation.

The study also receives funding from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (ISCIII, PI15/02019), the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF–A Way to Build Europe) and the European Social Fund (ESF–Investing in Your Future). Dr. Cortes-Canteli was supported by a Miguel Servet type I research contract (ISCIII, CP16/00174 & MS16/00174) and the Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria (ISCIII, PI17/00590 & PI20/00819). Dr. Toribio-Fernandez was supported by the Iniciativa de Empleo Juvenil of the Consejeria de Educacion, Juventud y Deporte de la Comunidad de Madrid (PEJD-2018-POST/BMD-9259). Ms. Tristao-Pereira was supported by a “la Caixa” Foundation fellowship (ID 100010434, LCF/BQ/DI19/11730052). Dr. Gispert is supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MCIN; RYC-2013-13054) and Dr. B. Ibanez by the European Research Council (ERC-2018-CoG 819775-MATRIX). The CNIC is supported by the ISCIII, the MCIN, and the Pro-CNIC Foundation. The BBRC is mainly funded by the “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434) under agreement LCF/PR/GN17/50300004, the EU/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking EPAD under grant agreement 115736, and the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement 115952. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme and the EFPIA. Dr. Molinuevo has served as a consultant for, sat on advisory boards of, or delivered lectures in symposia sponsored by Roche Diagnostics, Genentech, Novartis, Lundbeck, Oryzon, Biogen, Lilly, Janssen, Green Valley, MSD, Eisai, Alector, BioCross, GE Healthcare, and ProMIS Neurosciences. Dr. Gispert has given lectures in symposia sponsored by General Electric, Philips, and Biogen. Dr. Sanchez-Gonzalez is a Philips employee. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.

The legislations on the usage of antibiotics as growth promoters and prophylactic agents have compelled to develop alternative tools to upsurge the animal protection and contain antibiotic usage. Probiotics have emerged as an effective antibiotic substitute in animal farming. The present study explores the probiotic perspective of Paenibacillus polymyxa HK4 interlinking the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. The draft genome of HK4 revealed the presence of ORFs encoding the functions associated with tolerance to gastrointestinal stress and adhesion. The biosynthetic gene clusters encoding non-ribosomally synthesized peptides, polyketides and lanthipeptides such as fusaricidin, tridecaptin, polymyxin, paenilan and paenibacillin were annotated in HK4 genome. The strain harbored the chromosomal gene conferring the resistance to lincosamides. No functional gene encoding virulence or toxins could be identified in the genome of HK4. The genome analysis data was complemented by the in vitro experiments confirming its survival during gastrointestinal transit, antimicrobial potential and antibiotic sensitivity. Nucleotide sequence accession number The draft-genome sequence of Paenibacillus polymyxa HK4 has been deposited as whole-genome shotgun project at GenBank under the accession number PRJNA603023.

This mini-review is dedicated to the summary of results of the EU-funded Project “Golden Mycological Triangle” (acronym GoMyTri), which was carried out in collaboration of three research infrastructures in Germany, the Netherlands and Thailand during the years 2014–2018. The cooperation explored the mycological and microbiological biodiversity of Europe and Southeast Asia with regard to the search for the badly needed new antibiotics and other biologically active secondary metabolites. The project was conducted to foster international collaboration networks, know-how exchange and interdisciplinary training of young scientists. The first two years of the project were mainly dedicated to field work, and several hundreds of fungal cultures have been isolated from material mostly collected in Thailand. These fungal strains were characterized by morphological and molecular phylogenetic methods and several new taxa were discovered. The cultures underwent screening for antimicrobial and nematicidal metabolites and a number of bioactive metabolites have already been found, isolated and characterized. Several large phylogenetic studies have already been published that resulted from the project work. The results were also brought to the attention of the scientific community as well as the general public through various dissemination events. Based on the tremendous success of this project, a follow-up project application including additional partners from Africa and further European countries has recently been filed and approved, and the international, interdisciplinary collaboration will now continue in the new RISE-MSCA-Project (acronym “Mycobiomics”22 https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101008129).

This work was supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China under grant 2019YFB2102600, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grants 61701269, 61832012, 61771289 and 61672321, the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant ZR2017BF012, the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province under Grants 2019JZZY010313 and 2019JZZY020124, the Joint Research Fund for Young Scholars in Qilu University (Shandong Academy of Sciences) under Grant 2017BSHZ005.

Download : Download high-res image (208KB) Download : Download full-size image Sean Overa received a B.S. in chemical engineering from the University of South Carolina and is currently a chemical engineering PhD student in the Jiao group at the University of Delaware. His research is on electrochemical processes and reactor design, with a focus in two-step electrochemical conversion of CO2. Primarily his work has focused on the production, design, and scale-up of zero-gap electrolyzers for conversion of CO2 and CO to multi-carbon products. Download : Download high-res image (160KB) Download : Download full-size image Tony Feric received a B.S. in chemical engineering from the University of Maryland, College Park and is currently a chemical engineering PhD student in the Park group at Columbia University. His research is focused on the design and development of novel nanoparticle organic hybrid materials (NOHMs) for CO2 capture and electrochemical conversion to value-added products. More specifically, he is exploring their dynamics in solution, evaluating their stability under different processing conditions and understanding their unique interactions at the electrode-electrolyte interface. Download : Download high-res image (244KB) Download : Download full-size image Ah-Hyung (Alissa) Park is the Lenfest Professor in applied climate science of Earth and environmental engineering & chemical engineering at Columbia University and is the director of the Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy. Her research focuses on sustainable energy and materials conversion pathways with emphasis on integrated Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). Park has led a number of global and national discussions on CCUS including the Mission Innovation Workshop on CCUS (2017) and the National Petroleum Council CCUS Report (2019). She is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Chemical Society, and Royal Society of Chemistry. Download : Download high-res image (341KB) Download : Download full-size image Feng Jiao received a B.S. in chemistry from Fudan University and a PhD in chemistry from University of St Andrews. After a postdoctoral training at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Dr. Jiao joined the University of Delaware as a faculty member in 2010. He is now the Robert Grasselli Development Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and serves as the director of the Center for Catalytic Science & Technology. The Jiao group focuses primarily on nanostructured materials, electrocatalysis, and carbon dioxide utilization.

This study investigated microstructural changes of the right and left midshaft femur in an archaeological individual afflicted with left-sided hip joint ankylosis to assess whether increased cortical porosity was present as a result of leg disuse.The individual is a middle-aged adult male excavated from the Metal Period (∼2000 BP) Nagsabaran, Luzon Island, Philippines.Following standard examination of femur gross anatomy and differential diagnosis of the hip joint fusion, ∼1 cm thick posterior midshaft femur samples were removed for microstructural examination. Using static histomorphometry, bone multi-cellular unit activity from Haversian canal (vascular pore) density, area, and circularity was reconstructed. Spatial positioning of Haversian canals was mapped using Geographic Information Systems software. Phosphate, carbonate, and carbonate:phosphate ratios were obtained using synchrotron-sourced Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy.The left femur had greater cortical pore density, with smaller and rounder vascular canals, in addition to lower matrix levels of phosphate and carbonate, when compared to the right femur.Our data indicate compromised bone tissue in the left femur, and conform to expected bone functional adaptation paradigms of remodeling responses to pathological and biomechanical changes.The preservation of this individual's hip abnormality created a unique opportunity to evaluate intra-skeletal bone health asymmetry, which may help other researchers evaluate the presence of limb disuse in archaeological samples.A lack of lower limb data limits our interpretations to femur remodeling only.Future research efforts should aim to examine the presence of remodeling changes in all bones of the lower limb.Gamit ang buto ng magkabilang pemur ng isang taong natagpuan sa isang archaeological site na may sakit na ankylosis sa kaliwang balakang, pinag-aralan ang iba't-ibang microstructures galing sa gitnang bahagi o midshaft ng pemur upang malaman kung may makikitang mataas na cortical porosity ang buto dahil hindi ito malimit gamitin.Ang pinag-aaralang buto ay galing sa isang indibidwal na tinatayang middle-age na lalaki na namuhay noong Panahon ng Metal (∼2000 BP) sa Nagsabaran, Cagayan, Republika ng Pilipinas.Matapos ang unang pagkilatis sa femur at ang pagkilala ng sakit sa balakang, kumuha ng ∼1 sentimetro ng buto galing sa midshaft ng pemur upang lalong mapag-aralan ang kanyang microstructure. Gamit ang static histomorphometry, napag-aralan ang mga naiwang bakas ng multi-cellular unit activity ayon sa kapal, laki at pagkakabilog ng Haversian canal (vascular pore). Gumamit din ng Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software upang mapag-aralan ang kaugnayan ng posisyon ng Haversian canal. Panghuli, gumamit din ng synchroton-sourced Fourier transform infrared (sFTIR) microspectroscopy upang makuha ang bilang ng phosphate, carbonate, at carbonate:phosphate ratio.Napag-alaman na ang kaliwang pemur ay mayroong higit na maraming cortical pores, maliit at mabilog na vascular canals, at mababang bilang ng phosphate, carbonate kung ihahambing sa kanang pemur.Ayon sa aming datos, ang kaliwang pemur ay umaayon sa mga katangian ng isang butong may sakit. Sumunod din ito sa inaasahang bone functional adaptation paradigms of remodeling ng buto dahil may sakit at hindi nagamit.Dahil maganda ang pagkakalibing ng buto ng balakang, nagkaroon ng pagkakataong makilatis ang kalusugan ng sinaunang-tao sa pamamagitan ng pag-aaral ng kalusugan ng buto. Dagdag pa, makakatulong din ito upang malaman kung ibang mananaliksik ang pag-aaral ng ibang butong hindi nagagamit mula sa archaeological site.Dahil walang nakuhang ibang buto mula sa binti at paa, ang pemur lang ang naimbestigahan.Kung magkakaroon ng pagkakataon sa susunod, dapat maimbistigahan ang lahat ng buto ng binti (lower limb).

International audience; IntroductionBibliometrics consists in quantitative and qualitative analysis of an individual's or group's communication (volume, visibility), and impacts research funding. There are a number of bibliometric data sources, functioning in different ways and liable to give rise to differing statistics. This point has not been investigated in relation to publication following presentation to a French congress. We therefore conducted a study comparing the main bibliometric instruments, aiming to assess: (1) publication rates following oral presentation to the 2013 and 2014 French Society of Arthroscopy (SFA) Congresses according to the database used, and (2) citation rates for these publications according to database.HypothesisPublication and citation rates differ according to database.Material and method All 199 Abstracts of oral presentations to the 2013 and 2014 SFA Congresses were included. Based on author names and key-words, manual search was conducted in the Medline, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. Publication characteristics (citation rate) were studied using the 3 databases and the French SIGAPS (Système d’Interrogation, de Gestion et d’Analyse des Publications Scientifiques: Scientific Publication Search, Management and Analysis System) website.ResultsPublication rates according to Medline and Google Scholar were the same (48.2%: 96 articles for 199 presentations), but significantly lower on Web of Science (44.7%: 89/199; p = 0.002). Citation rates differed significantly (p < 0.001) between sources, with Google Scholar listing a mean 1.5-3.4-fold more citations per article than the other 2 databases. Citation rates between the 3 databases correlated strongly (r = 0.93).DiscussionThe example presented in this study illustrates the differences in bibliometrics found between different databases. There was a 4% difference (7/199 articles) in publication rates following oral presentation to an SFA Congress, and even greater differences in citation rates per article, with 1.5-3.4-fold more citations according to Google Scholar. Bibliometric studies need to acknowledge the database(s) being used, which should be as many as possible to enhance exhaustiveness.Level of evidenceIV; descriptive epidemiologic study.

Yaoxin Zhang completed his PhD in Materials Science and Engineering at the National University of Singapore (NUS), and he is currently a postdoctoral researcher at NUS. His research interests mainly focus on advanced materials and systems and their applications in the fields of solar desalination, atmospheric water harvesting, carbon energy generation, and environmental sustainability. Dilip Krishna Nandakumar is currently a postdoctoral researcher at NUS in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering and received his PhD at NUS. His research interests focus on developing hygroscopic materials for harnessing ambient humidity as a potential resource for energy conservation, harvesting, and environmental applications. Swee Ching Tan received his PhD from the Electrical Engineering Department at the University of Cambridge. His PhD work was to use photosynthetic proteins as light-absorbing materials for solar cells under the supervision of Prof. Sir Mark Welland. After getting his PhD in 2010, Dr. Tan then moved to the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at MIT to become a postdoctoral associate working on nano-electronics. He is currently an assistant professor at the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at NUS.

An endophytic fungus, Alternaria GFAV15 with antimicrobial potential was isolated from the green unripe fruit of Tinospora cordifolia, a well-known medicinal plant of semi-arid region of Rajasthan, India. The isolated endophytic fungus from green fruit has been identified on the basis of cultural and morphological characters and was characterized by internal transcribed spacer (ITS 1 and ITS 4) sequence analysis. The fungus sequence has been submitted at NCBI with accession number MK212342 with the name Alternaria GFAV15. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) guided bioautography was performed to localize and unlock the antimicrobial bioactive compounds within the isolated fungal extract. Methyl esters (hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid) were identified and recorded by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) as the major compounds in active sub-fraction (RF 0.257). These compounds showed strong antibacterial activity in combination against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram negative).

Recognizing the significant impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic for early-career researchers (ECRs), the Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. organized an online conference ‘Parasitravaganza 2020’ on 30–31 July this year for ECRs to connect, present their research, and participate in career-focused workshops. In this TrendsTalk we invite the organizing committee to discuss some of the highlights of the meeting and some of the challenges and opportunities presented by online conferences.