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Adverse events have a profound impact on surgeons. This impact extends to physical and mental health, psychological wellbeing, and professional performance. Surgeons are ill prepared for these consequences of adverse events and are under-supported when they inevitably occur. Here we review the data on how adverse events affect surgeons. We explore the efforts made to date to both prepare surgeons before and support them after such events and we make recommendations regarding how this should and could be done better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Composite materials are increasingly being used in sports and exercise equipment due to their favorable strength-to-weight ratios, tailored stiffness, fatigue resistance, and vibration damping. These properties provide new opportunities to enhance the functionality, flexibility, support, and strength capabilities of equipment used for fitness, training, and rehabilitation. This review examines recent advances and innovations in the application of composite materials for exercise, with a focus on how composites can provide benefits in terms of flexibility, joint support, strength training, and overall exercise performance. Composite materials offer lower weight, higher strength, and tailored stiffness that can improve performance in racquet sports, golf, footwear, and strength training equipment. They also provide flexible joint support through braces, casts, padding, and prosthetics. Successful implementation of composites in exercise equipment requires careful design analysis, material selection, and manufacturing methods. Future research directions include design optimization, multifunctional composites, improved manufacturing, and durability studies. Composites have the potential to revolutionize how we train, recover, and rehabilitate through optimized exercise equipment and assistive technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Student nurses often do not receive adequate preparation, support, and debriefing related to witnessing or experiencing critical events in the clinical setting. The purpose of this analysis was to describe the experiences of student nurses who have witnessed critical events in the clinical setting, the support and preparation they received, and staff and faculty actions they perceived as facilitating or hindering their processing of the event. This is a sub-analysis of a Straussian Grounded Theory qualitative study. Staff and faculty actions that helped and hindered the processing of the critical event were identified at four time points: pre-event, during the critical event, immediately post-event, and in the days and weeks following. Students exposed to critical events during their clinical rotations can experience psychological trauma. If unresolved, this can result in new nurses entering the profession already in distress. Preparation and support for witnessing critical patient events should start at the beginning of nursing school. During critical patient events, students need faculty or staff to be actively present to explain the event and support the student throughout the event. Immediate debrief and follow-up is recommended and should continue weeks or months after the event. • Nurses are exposed to critical events more frequently than any other health profession, and students often witness these same events. • Exposure to critical events in the clinical setting can be traumatizing for those who witness them. • Clinical instructors, nursing staff, and other faculty should consider providing psychological support to these students. • Schools of nursing have a responsibility to prepare students for critical events and following up with students after events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cette étude porte sur les ateliers et chantiers d'insertion (ACI) et examine dans quelle mesure ceux-ci permettent le développement de ressources psychologiques favorables au réemploi. Cette étude a deux objectifs. Le premier est de tester l'impact des ACI sur des variables clés dans le retour/maintien dans l'emploi (auto-efficacité, détresse psychologique, besoins psychologiques, etc.). Le deuxième objectif est de vérifier quelle forme d'accompagnement (soutien à l'autonomie vs contrôle) est la plus adaptée auprès des salariés d'ACI. Cent neuf salariés issus d'ACI de Côte-d'Or ont été interrogés à propos du style d'accompagnement qu'ils perçoivent au sein de leur ACI, ainsi qu'à propos de la présence de ressources psychologiques favorables au réemploi/maintien dans l'emploi. Il était attendu que (1) les salariés déclarent davantage de ressources psychologiques au moment où ils passent cette enquête, comparé à avant leur passage en ACI et (2) que la perception d'un accompagnement faisant la promotion de l'autonomie soit associée à ces mêmes ressources psychologiques. Les résultats que nous avons obtenus vont clairement dans le sens de ces deux hypothèses. Ils laissent donc penser que les ACI ont un impact psychosocial positif dans le fait de disposer les salariés au retour/maintien dans l'emploi. D'autre part, ils permettent de comprendre qu'un style faisant la promotion de l'autonomie est efficace pour aider au développement de ces ressources. Favoriser l'autonomie a donc des répercussions positives dans le contexte des ACI. Ce dernier point a fait l'objet d'un ensemble de recommandations à l'usage des professionnels sur le terrain. This study examines the impact of Ateliers et Chantiers d'Insertion (ACI) on the development of psychological resources that support reemployment. The study has two objectives: first, to test the effect of ACI on key variables related to return to/maintenance in employment, such as self-efficacy, psychological distress, and basic need satisfaction; and second, to determine which form of support, autonomy support or control, is best suited for ACI employees. The study surveyed 109 employees from different ACIs in Côte-d'Or to assess their perceptions of support style and the presence of psychological resources that support reemployment/maintenance in employment. It was expected that (1) the employees would declare more psychological resources at the time they took this survey, compared to before passing into the ACI, and (2) that the perception of support that promotes autonomy would be associated with these same psychological resources. The results show that employees reported greater psychological resources at the time of the survey compared to before joining ACI, and that a perception of support that promotes autonomy is associated with these same resources. These findings suggest that ACIs have a positive impact in helping employees return to or remain in employment, and that autonomy support is effective in developing these resources. The study provides recommendations for professionals in the field on how to promote autonomy in ACIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research indicates disparities in the care of bereaved parents and siblings following a stillbirth in the family. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effects of interventions aimed at reducing psychological distress among parents or siblings in high-income countries after experiencing a stillbirth. The databases CINAHL, Medline, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched in August 2022. Four intervention studies from the United States (US), the United Kingdom (UK), Finland, and Australia, met the inclusion criteria. The interventions comprised a perinatal grief support team; a perinatal counselling service; a grief support program ; and a support package including contacts with peer supporters and health care staff. No studies of interventions for siblings were found. The results could not be synthesised due to disparities in interventions and outcome measures. The risk of bias was assessed as high in all four studies and the certainty for all outcomes was rated as very low. More controlled trials with rigorous methods are needed to evaluate the effect of bereavement support interventions in parents and siblings after stillbirth. Future studies should include a core outcome set to make them more comparable. Most of the studies in this review were assessed to have an overall high risk of bias, mainly due to problems with missing outcome data; thus, future studies could specifically target this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Midwives all over the world have had to adapt to the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The issue of how they managed to support birthing women, despite the use of PPE, has been insufficiently studied. Midwives support birthing women in one of their most life-changing situations. Having COVID-19 at the time of childbirth makes birthing women even more vulnerable. PPE has been shown to impact the ability of providing support to birthing women. To describe midwives' strategies for supporting birthing women while working in full PPE A qualitative study based on focus group discussons with Swedish midwives. Data were analysed by inductive content analysis. To support birthing women while in full PPE, the midwives adapted existing working methods, increased collaboration with colleagues, unveiled, adapted to the requirements for contagion prevention, addressed women's concern for the midwife and maintained focus on the birth while remaining mindful of the risk of contagion. Midwives adopted strategies in order to uphold provision of support to the birthing women, as well as to address contextual factors related to PPE that hinder provision of support. The respective effects of different PPE types and models on the birth experience should be explored. Explicit strategies for supporting birthing women while working in full PPE must be created and discussed among midwives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perinatal death results in long-lasting intense grief for bereaved mothers with a potential to negatively impact on their short- and long-term outcomes and quality of life if inadequately supported in coping with and managing their experience. This study aimed at exploring the lived experience of women, of care and support following perinatal death in South-Western, Nigeria. A qualitative methodology using Heideggerian phenomenology was used. Fourteen women who had experienced perinatal death in South-Western Nigeria within the last (5) five years were interviewed, and Van Manen's approach to hermeneutic phenomenology was used in data analysis. Four main themes were identified: "they did not tell me the baby died", "response of health care professionals after the baby died", "moving on from hospital", and "support from family". The physical health status of mothers determined how they were informed of perinatal death. Health care professionals were distant, rude, nonempathetic and did not offer emotional support, in some cases. Mothers were given opportunity to see and hold their babies. There was no routine follow-up support in the community, besides a postnatal check-up appointment offered to all mothers regardless of their birth outcome. Family provided emotional support for mothers on discharge. This study was the first to explore the lived experience of women of the care and support following perinatal death in South-Western, Nigeria. There is a need for healthcare systems to review bereavement care and support provisions for women who experience perinatal death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Poland, as in other high-income countries, the rate of caesarean sections (CS) is alarmingly high. Promoting vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC) is one of the ways that may help to decrease CS rate. Despite the recommendations by the Polish Association of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians that one previous CS should not be an indication for a subsequent one and VBAC should be promoted, the rate of VBAC in Poland remains low. Research shows that in countries with high VBAC rates women felt supported by healthcare personnel to have VBAC. This study aims to explore the elements of Polish maternity services that contribute to or hinder women's chances of having a VBAC. The study used qualitative methods of research based on semi-structured interviews. We interviewed 22 women. Each woman was interviewed twice, once during pregnancy and then between 6 and 12 weeks after she had given birth. Women who planned vaginal birth after one previous CS engaged in various strategies such as seeking supportive personnel, opting for fee-for-service dedicated midwifery care or traveled long distances to give birth in facilities supporting VBAC. Polish maternity services do not support women on the way to vaginal birth after surgery. Access to VBAC in Poland is highly unequal and dependent on women's social and financial resources such as access to private care, place of residence, or social relationships. Efforts should be made to make access to VBAC more universal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published data on outcomes among adolescents newly initiating antiretroviral treatment in the Latin American context are sparse. We estimated the frequency of sustained retention with viral load suppression (i.e., successful transition) and identified predictors of successful transition into adult care among youth (aged 14–21 years) with recently acquired HIV in Lima, Peru. A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 184 adolescents and young adults who initiated antiretroviral therapy in an adult public sector HIV clinic between June 2014 and June 2019. Sustained retention (no loss-to-follow-up or death) with viral suppression was calculated for the first 12 and 24 months following treatment initiation. We conducted regression analyses to assess factors associated with successful transition to adult HIV care, including gender, age, occupation, nationality, pregnancy, same-sex sexual behavior, presence of treatment supporter, number of living parents, and social risk factors that may adversely influence health (e.g., lack of social support, economic deprivation). Patients were predominantly male (n = 167, 90.8%). Median age was 19 years (interquartile range: 18–21). Frequency of sustained retention with viral load suppression was 42.4% (78/184) and 35.3% (30/85) at 12 and 24 months following treatment initiation. In multivariable analyses, working and/or studying was inversely associated with successful transition into adult care at 12 months; number of known living parents (relative risk: 2.20; 95% confidence interval: 1.12, 4.34) and absence of social risk factors (relative risk: 1.68; 95% confidence interval: 0.91, 3.11) were positively associated with successful transition at 24 months. Sustained retention in HIV care was uncommon. Parental support and interventions targeting social risk factors may contribute to successful transition into adult HIV care in this group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Professional Supervision has been described across multiple professional groups, however to date, minimal research has been conducted exploring the use of professional supervision within the United Kingdom (UK) sonographer workforce. An online self-administered survey was conducted to explore UK sonographers views on the use of professional supervision in practice. The survey was open to sonographers, consultant or clinical specialist sonographers, ultrasound managers and professional body officers. Multiple choice questions were utilised to obtain quantitative data on the provision of support mechanisms, with free text questions allowing qualitative data to be elicited further to explore thoughts of participants. A total of 112 participants completed the survey in full and response rates varied across the subgroups. Varying support mechanisms were in place for sonographers. However only 55.4 % of sonographers felt supported in the clinical workplace. Thematic analysis of qualitative data highlighted that workload pressures, staffing and retention of sonographers, were key concerns that professional supervision could improve. It was highlighted that time to undertake professional supervision could be challenging, however if training for professional supervision was in place then this could provide improved quality of care and staff support. Participants highlighted the challenges faced by UK sonographers and the positive impact that professional supervision could have on retention and staff support. There are limited support mechanisms in place for UK sonographers and this is impacting on how participants felt they were being supported in the workplace. Stage 2 of this research project will explore sonographers' views in more detail. The approach to support mechanisms for sonographers should be considered to support improvement of professional wellbeing and retention of the sonographic workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies increasingly recognize the presence and impact of difficult individuals within personal networks. However, current research sheds little light on the turnover, retention, and change in quality of such difficult ties. The current study addresses this gap by focusing on two distinct forms of network change. We examine how role relationships, support exchange, relational homophily, and personal characteristics are associated with these processes. Data are drawn from three waves of the University of California Social Network Study (UCNets), a project containing comprehensive longitudinal data on ego networks among two adult cohorts. Findings indicate that over time, 34% of difficult ties re-appear in people's networks as sources of aggravation; 26% of difficult ties are removed from the network; and 40% can no longer be verified as problematic network members. Most ties no longer deemed difficult are identified as providing one or more supportive functions. Multinomial multilevel models reveal that exchanging support tends to anchor difficult ties in the network. Kinship, meanwhile, plays a large role in whether difficult ties remain or get dropped. Personal characteristics such as gender, income, and relocation also play a role in these processes. Overall, we conclude that the turnover dynamics of difficult ties are similar to other ties, and the apparent change from negative to positive suggests that many ties hold ambivalent properties that make shedding such ties less common than may be expected. • Focus on difficult tie change in personal networks. • Network change among difficult ties often follow similar patterns governing positive ties. • Multinomial multilevel logistic regression of difficult tie change among personal networks. • Exchanging support tends to anchor difficult ties in the network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identifying family environment factors related to food insecurity and maternal mental health could inform additional support for mothers who experience food insecurity. This study seeks to examine the mechanistic roles of co-parenting support and parenting stress on the food insecurity-maternal mental health relationship. Data from the Future of Families and Child Well-being Study, which recruited mothers post-delivery from 75 urban hospitals, was utilized. Analysis includes 1808 mothers followed for 15 years. Food insecurity was assessed at year 5, co-parenting support and parenting stress at year 9, and maternal depression and anxiety at year 15. Structural equation models evaluated the role of food insecurity on maternal depression (model 1) and anxiety (model 2) through co-parenting support and parenting stress simultaneously, adjusting for socio-demographics. Co-parenting support did not mediate the relationships of food insecurity and maternal depression and anxiety, controlling for parenting stress. Controlling for co-parenting support, parenting stress did not mediate the food insecurity-maternal depression relationship, but partially mediated the food insecurity-maternal anxiety relationship (specific indirect: B = 0.026, CI:0.01, 0.05; specific direct: B = 0.131, CI:-0.04, 0.32). There was a significant period of time (10 years) between assessment of food insecurity and assessment of maternal mental health. Self-reported data on sensitive topics may be susceptible to bias. With observational research, it is possible that unobserved confounding variables impact the findings. Cumulative support in the form of - parenting, economic (e.g., utilities), and food - may help reduce parenting stress and anxiety among mothers who experience food insecurity. • Parenting stress partially mediated food insecurity-maternal anxiety relationship. • Co-parenting support did not mediate food insecurity-maternal anxiety relationship. • Co-parenting support did not mediate food insecurity-maternal depression relationship. • Parenting stress did not mediate the food insecurity-maternal depression relationship. • Support via - parenting, economic, food - may reduce parenting stress and anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients and informal caregivers in palliative care can reciprocate in supporting one another. However, how reciprocal support among patients and informal caregivers in palliative care impacts on their decision making for care is not well understood. To identify how reciprocal support among patients with advanced illness and their informal caregivers in specialist palliative care impacts on their decision making for care. Between July 2021 and May 2022, 30 qualitative interviews were conducted with 14 patient and caregiver dyads, seven nondyad caregiver participants and one nondyad patient participant (total n = 36), recruited from a large regional specialist palliative care service. Data were analyzed using Corbin and Strauss grounded theory method. Reciprocal support among patients and informal caregivers was underpinned by obligation and choice. Caregivers who felt obliged to care had difficulty communicating with the patient about the patient's preferences for care and their own wishes for patient care. Patients who felt obliged to accept support from their caregiver tended to minimize caregiver participation in decision making which made caregivers feel disempowered in discussions about patient care. Caregivers tended to be more involved in decision making when caregivers assumed caregiving duties by choice and when the patient did not feel restricted by their reliance on their caregiver. Open communication between patients and caregivers made patients more trusting of their caregiver. Patient and caregiver dyadic interventions in specialist palliative care involving decision making need to account for how obligation and choice manifest and function between the patient and caregiver. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paediatric critical care units (PCCU) provide care to the most critically ill or injured children. Children are admitted to PCCU with a wide variety of illnesses, injuries and following a range of surgical procedures. High staff-to-patient ratios are required both because of the potentially rapid evolution of critical illness in children, as well as the complexity of the supportive therapies offered. Definitive evidence for specific paediatric therapies is often limited with extrapolation taken from adult experience, but there are increasing international collaborative efforts that have produced consensus treatment guidelines that serve to promote the use of best practice therapies. This article reviews therapies and techniques that define care in the PCCU and in particular outline principles of management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), septic shock and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Neonatal and cardiac intensive care medicine topics are outside the scope of this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthcare worker burnout is a growing epidemic associated with multiple negative outcomes. Compounding the routine stresses of clinical practice, involvement in adverse events can be emotionally devastating. Healthcare organizations have an obligation to mitigate burnout and promote engagement and resiliency. Many institutions have launched wellness initiatives, but the value of these programs is unclear. Here, we describe the implementation of a peer-to-peer support program at our quaternary pediatric medical center. This proactive program is unique in its referral process and scope and has demonstrated efficacy in mitigating the emotional impact of adverse effects. In total, our institution has trained 125 peer supporters. Since initiation, there have been a total of 2187 referrals made to the program. Data collected in 2022 from these referrals showed a 60.3% (n = 1220) response rate to the offer of support. A survey was sent to frontline clinicians from divisions with trained supporters. Of 963 respondents, 71.8% (n = 691) agreed that this program was a valuable resource, and 81.3% (n = 783) recommended peer support to be offered to those involved in adverse and stressful events. Our experience supports that the implementation of a proactive, peer-to- peer support program is both feasible and valuable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The support for controversial policies in the area of transport often increases after real-world implementation. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the literature surrounding the implementation of controversial policies in transport, particularly in the context of road pricing. We then discuss various theories and mechanisms that contribute to an increase in support for such policies after real-world implementation. One significant factor is a change in attitude towards a policy. However, there are also other important factors, for example the utility experienced by people is not necessarily the same as the expected utility. In addition, people may be loss-averse relative to their reference point (often: their current situation). The disadvantages of a policy considered for implementation may be clearer than the advantages. Other factors discussed are the effect of the expected distribution of gains and losses, their magnitude, and perceptions of the processes being fair and competent. We then examine the implications of increased support after implementation, important lessons being that policymakers can anticipate growing support after implementation and that communication is key in the process of deciding on a controversial policy. In this regard, we propose that having a champion, or visionary, can be particularly effective in getting controversial policies accepted. Finally, we suggest avenues for future research. • Controversial transport policies: support often increases after implementation. • Attitude changes are an important explanation. • Champions can be helpful for the implementation of controversial policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer diagnosis can cause considerable stress among patients and their families. Both may experience clinical depression and severe anxiety. Therefore, this study investigated the association between the occurrence of cancer patients in the family and the depression among family members. Data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006–2020) were used. A total of 6251 participants who completed the short-form Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10-D) questionnaire were included. General estimating equations were used to assess the temporal effects of changes on depression in the presence of cancer patients in the family. Having cancer patients in the family was associated with a high risk of depression among both men and women (men, Odds Ratio (OR):1.78, 95 % Confidence Intervals (CI) 1.13–2.79; women, OR:1.53, 95 % CI 1.06–2.22). Depressive symptoms were particularly high in women, especially when cancer symptoms were more severe than previous surveys (OR: 2.48, 95 % CI 1.18–5.20). First, non-responders were excluded but this could be affected by underestimation bias. Second, depression was defined as the CESD-10-D score, and the biological risk factors of depression could not be identified because of survey-based database. Third, due to the retrospective design study, confirming the causal relationship clearly is difficult. Finally, residual scheming effects of unmeasured variables could not be eliminated. Our findings support efforts to diagnose and manage depression in the families of cancer patients. Accordingly, healthcare services and supportive interventions to reduce the psychological factors of cancer patients' families are needed. • Cancer diagnosis causes not only patients but also their families to experience depression and anxiety. • Especially, if the status of cancer patients is worse than before, the risk of depression increases in female family members. • Family members play an important role in helping patients manage cancer treatment. • Families with cancer patients have to need mental health care for each member of the family members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Miscarriage and recurrent miscarriage affect a significant proportion of every population with research consistently showing it results in profound and often prolonged psychological impacts. Despite the serious psychological impacts, support for miscarriage remains grossly inadequate. There are many ways to ameliorate the impact of these losses, which are not difficult, expensive, or time consuming. At a basic level, people want and need acknowledgment and validation of their grief and loss and greater information provision at the time of loss. A clear discrepancy also exists between the bereavement care offered by health care providers and the care wanted and needed by those affected, that must be addressed as a matter of urgency. At a health care system level, the collection of national miscarriage data must begin, to allow for a true understanding of the socioeconomic cost of miscarriage and the burden of early pregnancy loss on individuals, families, and our social systems. Furthermore, to direct research funding appropriately, establishing national research funding priorities for miscarriage support, as they have in the United Kingdom, is vital in assisting researchers and other key stakeholders to effectively target research in areas that are likely to have the greatest public health benefit. Consumers, health practitioners, and policymakers could achieve a lot for many with just a little commitment to change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decision rules belong to known forms of knowledge representation. Among popular measures of their quality length and support can be distinguished. Shorter rules are easier to understand and interpret. Support allows to present patterns hidden in the data. Nowadays, data mining tasks are oriented toward extracting knowledge from data in both distributed and centralized forms. Learning decision rules from a decision tree is a relatively simple task. However, the challenge arises when decision rules are induced from a set of decision trees. Moreover, in the case of distributed data, the decision trees may be constructed independently on different sources, and merging them into a unified set requires resolving conflicts and inconsistencies. In this paper, decision rules are constructed from distributed data based on decision trees induced using the randomly chosen attributes as the splitting criterion. The aim of the study is to compare the quality of two algorithms for constructing rules which are true for a maximum number of trees. The comparison was made based on three factors: the number of trees for which the rule is true, their length and support. Based on performed experiments it was possible to see that the number of true rules for the maximum number of decision trees from the set is greater for algorithm A than for heuristics H. This algorithm allows the induction of shorter rules with greater support compared to heuristic H. However, it should be also noted that the rules induced by heuristic H are often true for a larger number of trees than the rules constructed by algorithm A. Thus, both algorithms can be applied to distributed data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal-air batteries are the most promising next-generation energy conversion and storage devices due to their high theoretical energy densities. However, their practical energy densities and voltages are limited by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions due to the multi-step electron transfer and the triple-phase mass transfer. To address this issue, a number of research efforts have been devoted to materials science and interface chemistry, in which graphene-based electrocatalysts have attracted much attention due to their tunable catalytic properties, high electrical conductivities, and large surface areas. In this review, we reveal the principles of oxygen electrocatalytic reactions and the requirements for efficient oxygen electrocatalysts with regards to the structural feature, intrinsic activity, and electrical conductivity. Afterwards, the morphological design of the electrode is clearly elucidated, followed by the ample discussion on the main research progresses and challenges of graphene-based materials as either electrocatalysts with intrinsic active sites or supports for other traditional metal or metal oxide catalysts. Furthermore, we outline the research directions for developing highly-efficient and low-cost graphene-based electrocatalysts. [Display omitted] • A comprehensive review on graphene-based electrocatalysts for metal-air batteries. • Principles and requirements for oxygen electrocatalytic reactions are revealed. • Structural design of graphene toward efficient electrocatalysis is elucidated. • The respective roles of graphene as catalyst and support are amply discussed. • Challenges and perspectives for graphene-based electrocatalysts are outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En janvier 2021, le ministère des Armées a initié un programme de réhabilitation baptisé ATHOS pour compléter les capacités institutionnelles d'accompagnement de ses soldats atteints de troubles psychiques post-traumatiques liés au service et notamment aux opérations de guerre. Au terme de dix-huit mois d'existence, ce dispositif compte trois maisons à vocation régionale qui accueillent, sous la forme d'établissements de jour avec capacité d'hébergement, des soldats suivis par les services psychiatriques du service de santé des Armées. Les résultats obtenus pendant la phase pilote du programme ont conduit à la planification de deux nouvelles ouvertures de maison ATHOS. À titre d'exemple, la « maison ATHOS de Bordeaux » située dans le village de Cambes accueille désormais 104 blessés pour un objectif initial fixé à 90. Le modèle est en cours d'évolution pour s'adapter à la demande singulière des soldats blessés. In January 2021, the Ministry of the Armed Forces initiated a rehabilitation program called ATHOS. This program complements the institutional capacities of support for its soldiers suffering from post-traumatic mental disorders related to their service and in particular to military operations. After its initial 18 months, this program has three regional residences, that host soldiers being treated by the psychiatric services of the Armed Forces health service. The facilities provide outpatient care with the possibility of housing., The results obtained during the pilot phase of this program resulted in plans to open two new ATHOS residences. As an example, the "Maison ATHOS" of Bordeaux, which is located in the village of Cambes, now hosts 104 wounded soldiers whereas the initial target quota was set at 90. The model is currently evolving to accommodate the specific needs of injured soldiers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La psychiatrie militaire est une spécialité née avec la Grande Guerre. Tout au long de son histoire, le soutien médico-psychologique en opération s'apparente à un bricolage dans la définition qu'en donne Lévi-Strauss et cela jusque dans les années 1990. Néanmoins, les cinq principes de Salmon structurent et permettent d'établir une continuité entre les improvisations, les innovations et la systématisation en doctrine qui émaillent son histoire centenaire. Centralité, proximité, immédiateté, simplicité et expectative sont autant de concepts suffisamment souples pour improviser en situation opérationnelle. Mais ils sont aussi des fils conducteurs qui guident la pratique des psychiatres militaires. Cette communication est aussi l'occasion de rendre un hommage aux psychiatres militaires français et étranger qui, depuis un siècle, ont assisté les militaires souffrant de blessures psychiques. Military psychiatry is a specialty born during the Great War. Throughout its history, medical-psychological support in military operations has resembled DIY in the sense of the definition given by Lévi-Strauss up until the 1990s. Nevertheless, Salmon's five principles provide structure and continuity between the improvisations, the innovations, and the systematization in doctrine which have marked its century-long history. Centrality, proximity, immediacy, simplicity, and expectation are all concepts flexible enough to allow for improvisation in an operational situation. But they are also common threads that guide the practice of military psychiatrists. This article is also an opportunity to pay tribute to the French and foreign military psychiatrists who, for a century, have assisted soldiers suffering from psychological injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many practices have implemented support services to assist radiologists with noninterpretive tasks; however, little research has been performed to assess the overall effect of these services. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a team of imaging service navigators (ISNs) incorporated into a practice on (1) number of communications, (2) time saved by radiologists, and (3) radiologist satisfaction with the service. The numbers and types of reports dictated by radiologists were captured for 6-month periods before and after ISN implementation. Communication rates before and after implementation were then calculated. The amount of perceived time savings using the ISN team and satisfaction with the service were assessed through pre- and postimplementation surveys of participating radiologists. Mean and median time savings and satisfaction rates were calculated. The overall communication rate increased from 2.196% before ISNs to 3.278% after ISNs (49% increase; 95% confidence interval, 47%-52%). Communication rates increased among all communication subtypes (critical, urgent, routine, and actionable), with the highest increases in urgent (94%) and actionable (75%) findings. Before implementation, radiologists reported spending 39 min on average per day on communications tasks, with only 33% of radiologists indicating that the communication process was efficient. After implementation, radiologists reported mean time savings of 28 min (95% confidence interval, 19.9-35.1), and 82% of radiologists indicated a positive or highly positive view of the ISN service. After ISN implementation, communication rates increased and radiologists reported spending less time performing communications. Most radiologists were satisfied with the service. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LIVIA est une intervention psychologique par Internet en dix modules sur une durée de trois mois pour personnes présentant une souffrance psychique après la perte de leur partenaire par décès, séparation ou divorce. Traduite d'un programme allemand dont l'efficacité a été démontrée par une étude randomisée contrôlée, la version française de LIVIA a été proposée en Suisse romande, en version non guidée, dans le cadre d'une étude d'implémentation pilote visant à en vérifier l'accueil. Sur 148 personnes inscrites suite à une présentation du programme dans des journaux ou à la radio, 24 ont participé intégralement à l'essai clinique et ont fourni les mesures de prétest et posttest sur leurs symptômes de deuil, d'anxiété et de dépression, leurs modes d'adaptation à la perte, leur support social, leur sentiment de solitude ainsi que leur bien-être. Elles ont pu également exprimer leur degré de satisfaction vis-à-vis du programme et formuler des commentaires à son sujet. La médiane de participation au programme est de six modules : dix personnes ont réalisé neuf à dix modules, cinq ont accompli moins de la moitié des séances prévues. Des bénéfices significatifs ont été observés sur les symptômes de deuil et sur les stratégies d'évitement. Aucune autre amélioration n'a été relevée sur la symptomatologie dépressive, anxieuse, sur le bien-être, la satisfaction existentielle ou encore la solitude. La satisfaction vis-à-vis de l'intervention est globalement bonne. Néanmoins, quelques points négatifs ont pu être relevés : les textes explicatifs ont été jugés complexes et les exercices de confrontation plutôt pénibles, surtout en l'absence de soutien d'une personne ressource. Ceux-ci ont pu favoriser la diminution de l'engagement dans le programme. LIVIA, dans sa version française non guidée, permet de réduire la symptomatologie du deuil et les stratégies d'évitement suite à un décès ou une séparation. Le programme mérite cependant des améliorations pour satisfaire un public plus large et améliorer son adhésion à la démarche. The loss of a partner, either by death or separation, is one of the most stressful life events. It predicts negative physical and psychological health consequences. Although most people are able to cope with it, however about ten percent show difficulties overcoming this painful event. Internet psychological interventions are increasingly present. They are as effective as traditional psychotherapies for a wide range of disorders, including complicated grief. They can improve the access to treatment, particularly where availability of therapists is low. Without such access the mental health of people with serious bereavement or separation difficulties, who for various reasons cannot benefit from a mental health professional, may deteriorate. Early access to an online intervention can thus be a useful and alternative way to diminish the risk of psychopathological trajectory for them. The goal is to evaluate the implementation of LIVIA, an unguided Internet-based intervention for French-speaking people struggling to cope with the loss of their partner through bereavement, divorce or separation. Brodbeck and colleagues have demonstrated its efficacy in the German guided version. In this non-randomized clinical trial, 24 participants were included. They completed the French version of LIVIA, which contains ten modules including a psychoeducational section and exercises based on cognitive-behavioral techniques. The evolution of psychopathological symptoms such as grief, anxiety, and depression, as well as well-being were evaluated. Other parameters were measured: avoidance strategies, social support, loneliness and satisfaction regarding the program. The median of program participation is six modules: ten people completed nine to ten modules, five completed less than half of the planned sessions. Clinical benefits were observed on grief symptoms and avoidance strategies. No other improvement was noted on depressive symptomatology, anxiety, well-being, life satisfaction or loneliness. The overall satisfaction with the intervention was good. Nevertheless, some negative points were noted: the explicative texts were considered to be complex and the confrontation exercises rather difficult, especially without the support of a resource person. These points could lead to a decrease in commitment to the program. LIVIA, in its unguided French version, helps reduce grief symptoms and avoidance strategies following a death or separation. However, the program needs to be improved in order to satisfy a broader public and improve its adherence to the intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was aimed at investigating the effects of family support and psychoeducation program based on Calgary Family Intervention Model on coping, psychological distress and psychological resilience levels of families of chronic psychiatric patients. The sample of this quasi-experimental study consisted of the caregivers of chronic psychiatric patients who were admitted to the adult psychiatry inpatient and outpatient unit of a university hospital and the caregivers of chronic psychiatric patients registered with the Schizophrenia Solidarity Association. Nonparametric analysis was used in the analysis of the data. It was found that there was a significant decrease between the mean distress scores the caregivers participating in the Calgary Family Intervention-Based Family Support and Psychoeducation Program obtained from the measurements before, right after, and 3 and 6 months after the intervention (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the coping scores and psychological resilience scores the caregivers obtained from the measurements before, right after, and 3 and 6 months after the intervention (p > 0.05). It was concluded that the family support and psychoeducation program based on the Calgary Family Intervention Model applied to family members giving care to individuals with chronic mental illnesses had positive effects on the general health status of the caregivers. • It is important to apply model-based interventions in empowering families. • Family-based interventions are very important in reducing the burden of chronic mental illnesses on the family. • CFIM is an important model in improving family functionality and providing changes in psychiatric nursing practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study deals with the features of using the potential of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) for the development of the space industry in Russia. The task of increasing the adaptive properties of the Russian space industry, its ability to internal change and greater openness, is particularly crucial in the context of new challenges. This study emphasizes the special importance of private investment for the Russian space industry development and commercialization of space activities in connection with its enormous economic potential. Large scientific enterprises prevail in the Russian market, they have complex innovation management system and are often oriented towards large projects. Due to this reason, the number of innovations in these structures is not as great as in small and medium-sized enterprises. We analyzed the activities of small and medium-sized innovative enterprises in Russia and concluded that these enterprises are almost not involved in the space industry. However, the possibilities of innovative SMEs in the space industry are great, since such enterprises can create projects in the field of communications, data transmission, digital solutions for data processing, the creation of on-board systems, technical solutions for the "Moon Village" creation and others. We consider the barriers that prevent such enterprises from entering the space industry, for example, such as the need for licensing, the high cost and long-term return of startups, etc. One of the main problems for small and medium-sized innovative enterprises in the space industry in Russia is the lack of material and resource support for the creation and implementation of their innovative projects. This study included conducting research of different possibilities of the resource support tools for innovative SMEs in the space industry, which are divided into three mechanisms: direct public support, non-government funding, incentive programs for investors and small innovative enterprises. The study of the experiences of various countries in attracting private companies to the space industry provided a basis for formulating a set of proposals for improving the use of resource support tools for small and medium-sized innovative enterprises for the development of the space industry in Russia. • Large enterprises are prevailing in the Russian space market. Less than 0,05% of all Russian SMEs are space oriented. • There are many innovative ideas among Russian SMEs, but also the strong barriers to enter the Russian space industry. • The number of infrastructure and financing instruments is limited. The main driver is Skolkovo Innovation Center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This narrative synthesis of evidence identifies and explores issues that impact upon the expansion or effectiveness of Reporting Radiographers working in all diagnostic modalities within the United Kingdom (UK). The publication focuses on accessibility to training for prospective Reporting Radiographers as well as clinical support within and beyond training. Fifteen studies informed the themes of this article, they were published between 2014 and 2021. Reporting Radiographers often found it difficult find support during training and once qualified, this was usually due to the availability and workload of supervising staff. Although resistance and obstruction were experienced by many. Concerns relating to pay, promotion and interest were expressed by some respondents whilst access to courses and finance were highlighted as areas of variance across the UK. Inadequate support of Reporting Radiographers is impairing expansion of the specialism, whilst impacting capability and morale. This increases risk of patient harm, delays to care and inefficiency, it also threatens the sustainability of services. Negative interactions between Reporting Radiographers and Radiologists or managers is disappointing considering development of the specialism; evidence of Reporting Radiographer effectiveness and current collaboration between Royal College of Radiologists and Society of Radiographers. Issues raised in relation to pay/promotion and litigation could be clarified with ease, this should be considered when guidance is updated. Access to finance and courses is a major barrier in some regions of the UK. Scope exists for further exploration of training. England has used grants to facilitate uptake, these may prove to be an important tool in other countries. Drivers to increase recruitment should be implemented alongside measures to facilitate accessibility to training and improvements to support infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A successful transition from the NICU to home is fundamental for the long-term health and well-being of preterm infants. Post-NICU discharge, parents may experience a lack of support and resources during the transition to home. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify post-NICU discharge interventions that may reduce parental stress and provide support to families with preterm infants. Systematic searches of databases, i.e., PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria were data-based articles: 1) published in English between 2011 and 2021, 2) published in peer-reviewed journals, (3) focused on families with preterm infants, and (4) focused on interventions to reduce parental stress and provide support to families with preterm infants post-NICU discharge. 26 articles were included and synthesized. We identified the following face-to-face and remote communication interventions: in-person home visits, phone/video calls, text messages, periodic email questionnaires, mobile/website apps, and online social networking sites. Families may highly benefit from a comprehensive family-focused post-NICU discharge follow-up intervention that includes face-to-face and remote communication and support. Post-NICU discharge interventions are imperative to provide education related to infant care and health, increase parental confidence and competency, increase parent-infant relationship, promote emotional and social support, reduce unplanned hospital visits, parental stress, and maternal post-partum depression. • Families of preterm infants are often confronted with uncertainties and stressors. • Parents experience a lack of support and resources during the transition to home. • A successful transition to home is critical for optimal infant health outcomes. • Face-to-face and remote communication may be implemented post-discharge. • Families may benefit from family-focused post-NICU discharge interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The French Transplant Health Authority (Agence de la Biomédecine) has broadened its organ- and tissue-donation criteria to include pediatric patients whose death is defined by circulatory criteria and after the planned withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies (WLST) (Maastricht category III). A panel of pediatric experts convened to translate data in the international literature into recommendations for organ and tissue donation in this patient subgroup. The panel estimated that, among children aged 5 years or over with severe irreversible neurological injury (due to primary neurological injury or post-anoxic brain injury) and no progression to brain death, the number of potential donors, although small, deserves attention. The experts emphasized the importance of adhering strictly to the collegial procedure for deciding to withdraw life support. Once this decision is made, the available data should be used to evaluate whether the patient might be a potential donor, before suggesting organ donation to the parents. This suggestion should be reserved for parents who have unequivocally manifested their acceptance of WLST. The discussion with the parents should include both the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) team under the responsibility of a senior physician and the hospital organ- and tissue-procurement team. All recommendations about family care during the end of life of a child in the PICU must be followed. The course and potential challenges of organ donation in Maastricht-III pediatric patients must be anticipated. The panel of experts recommended strict compliance with French recommendations (by the Groupe Francophone de Réanimation et Urgences Pédiatriques) about WLST and providing deep and continuous sedation until circulatory arrest. The experts identified the PICU as the best place to implement life-support discontinuation and emphasized the importance of returning the body to the PICU after organ donation. French law prohibits the transfer of these patients from one hospital to another. A description of the expert-panel recommendations regarding the organization and techniques appropriate for children who die after controlled circulatory arrest (Maastricht III) is published simultaneously in the current issue of this journal.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiencing online sexual harassment (OSH) poses significant threats to individuals' well-being, necessitating effective intervention. Addressing OSH requires collaboration across policy, education, and technology, where technology can play a role in supporting victims. This paper conducted a scoping review to identify technological tools for supporting OSH victims, uncovering five tools documented in scientific literature. These tools were designed to help OSH victims get support, collect evidence, raise awareness, or develop coping skills. Components of these tools include emotional support, multimedia content, informational support, labelling, reporting, victim stories, and evidence collection. Four tools went through process evaluation using qualitative or mixed-method approaches. Results collectively showed that users appreciate emotional support, informational support, multimedia content, and labelling components, but are dissatisfied with the evidence collection component. One study assessed tool effects using a quasi-experimental with a two-group design, showing significant effects on changing users' knowledge, attitude, and coping behaviors. These findings inform user preferences, a crucial factor for supportive effects. However, four of the five studies lack effects evaluation. Future research should prioritize evaluating the effects of technological tools supporting victims of OSH. This is essential because implementing an ineffective tool can incur considerable costs and pose challenges in removal or modification. • This paper conducted a scoping review to identify technological tools for supporting OSH victims. • These tools were designed to help victims get support, collect evidence, raise awareness, or develop coping skills. • Users like components such as emotional and informational support, multimedia content, and labelling but dislike evidence collection component. • These findings inform user preferences, a crucial factor for supportive effects. • Future research should prioritize evaluating the effects of technological tools supporting victims of OSH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Users who engaged with an employer-provided digital menopause health application reported a significant associated decrease in the severity of their menopause symptoms over time. • The frequency of application engagement was associated with the subsequent reduction in menopausal symptom severity. • As menopausal symptom severity decreased, a significant concurrent reduction in work impairment was observed, suggesting a beneficial impact of symptom management on work productivity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the change in menopause symptoms and work impairment among a cohort of UK working women who utilised an employer-provided digital menopause health application offering education and personalised support. We adopted a retrospective, single-arm, longitudinal approach by analysing data from 11,870 users of the Peppy Health menopause application. Users reported their menopause symptoms and work impairment on day 0 and after 90 and 180 days of application use. Menopause symptoms were measured by the Menopause Rating Scale, while work impairment was measured by a single question. A significant decrease in the severity of menopause symptoms was observed in users across menopause stages, except for premenopausal users who saw lower severity and no change over time. Improvement in menopause symptoms was positively associated with the degree of application engagement. Work impairment also significantly reduced over time for menopausal users, and a significant association was observed between a reduction in menopause symptoms and a decline in work impairment. Our findings show that engaging with a digital menopause application is associated with an improvement in menopause symptoms, which lends initial support for the use of personalised digital solutions to help working women through the menopause transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The activation energy of ethylene polymerization is minimum when the d charge of the Ti cation is moderate. • The activation energy of ethylene polymerization is minimum when the d band center of the Ti cation is moderate. • The surface effect of the support is that MgCl 2 with different surfaces regulates the activity of the catalyst by adjusting the d band center of the active center of the catalyst. Ziegler-Natta catalyst is a widely used olefin polymerization catalyst in petrochemical industries. However, the role of each catalyst component is not clear due to the complexity of composition and structure. MgCl 2 is a suitable support for Ziegler-Natta catalyst because its crystal structure is similar to that of TiCl 3 , and the surface effect of MgCl 2 in Ziegler-Natta catalyst system was explored in ethylene polymerization at the orbital scale. A series of the stable surface-supported catalysts with unsaturated coordination Mg2+ were used to simulate the mechanism of ethylene polymerization by the periodic density functional theory. This study found that MgCl 2 with different surfaces regulates the activity of the catalyst by adjusting the d band centre of the catalyst active centre. This concept can be used to explain the surface effect of support in general catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using facility dogs during police investigative interviews is a recent practice in Canada. While the common use of this intervention is decidedly an indicator of sympathy capital, its utility in this context is relatively unknown and no study has specifically evaluated the effect of using facility dogs on children's collaboration during investigative interviews. This study compares police investigative interviews conducted in the presence of a service dog (n = 46) to those without (n = 45) to examine the effects of the presence of and interactions with a dog on children's reluctance. The interviews were done with children aged 3 to 15 years and were coded for children's reluctance, their physical interactions with and comments about the dog, as well as for investigator's verbal support. No significant group differences were found in terms of children's overall reluctance (p = 0.700), though the children accompanied by a dog showed significantly more digression (p = 0.008). Among the children who were accompanied by a dog, those who interacted with the dog more frequently (p = 0.035) and who made more comments about the dog (p < 0.001) showed more signs of reluctance, even after accounting for child age and investigator support. No association was observed between children's reluctance and the total duration of dog-child physical interactions (p = 0.097). This study contributes to an enhanced understanding of the usefulness of facility dogs and the factors that influence children's reluctance during investigative interviews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of the support on catalytic activity and stability of supported 2Cr-Fe bimetallic catalysts for the CO 2 -assisted dehydrogenation (DH) of n -octane has been investigated. Four MgO modified supports viz; MgO-CeO 2 (MgCe), MgO-ZrO 2 (MgZr), MgO-CeO 2 -ZrO 2 (MgCeZr) and MgO-SiO 2 (MgSi) were synthesized by the sol-gel combustion technique. The supported catalysts were in turn prepared by vacuum impregnation and thereafter tested for the CO 2- assisted DH of n -octane. The catalysts were characterized by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N 2 -physisorption, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron dispersive x-ray (EDX), temperature programmed desorption of CO 2 (CO 2 -TPD), temperature programmed reduction and oxidation (H 2 -TPR and CO 2 -TPO), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. Raman results showed that the CrO x is stabilized as mono- and/or polynuclear Cr(VI) species over the 2Cr-Fe/MgCe catalyst, which are reduced to lower oxidation state species during the DH reaction. The 2Cr-Fe/MgZr, 2Cr-Fe/MgCeZr and 2Cr-Fe/MgSi catalysts stabilized the CrO x as polymerized species, forming the more active Cr-O-Fe polymer units on the catalysts' surface. XRD, TEM and EDX results showed that the ZrO 2 -containing supports have smaller particles and stabilized the active metal oxides in a more dispersed amorphous state. The CO 2 -TPO of the pre-reduced catalysts and EPR of the used catalysts indicated that the 2Cr-Fe/MgCeZr undergoes significant re-oxidation by CO 2 during the catalytic process. The 2Cr-Fe/MgCe was the least active, while the 2Cr-Fe/MgZr catalyst showed the best performance and stability over three regeneration cycles. Selectivity to C8 products (octenes and aromatics) was found to strongly depend on the surface basicity of the catalysts. Deactivation of the catalysts was found to follow first order kinetics and coke deposition was identified as the major cause. [Display omitted] • Support influence in CO 2 assisted dehydrogenation of n -octane over 2Cr-Fe studied. • Best performance and stability obtained over the 2Cr-Fe/MgZr catalyst. • 2Cr-Fe/MgZr catalyst retained its activity over three regeneration cycles in air. • CO 2 performed oxidative (ODH) role in catalysts containing ZrO 2 in the support. • CO 2 performed a non-oxidative (DH + RWGS) over the rest of the catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the increasing number of women studying built environment and engineering courses, the participation of professional women in construction remains low in Australia. Interviews with early career professional women in construction showed a misalignment between career aspiration and career reality because of gender bias, discrimination and harassment, procedural bias, and a demanding work environment based on a male work model. Due to structural and cultural career constraints, many women had already given up thinking they could achieve their goals and were considering an alternative career path. Practical implications highlight that organisations can support the retention and success of early career professional women by fundamentally re-shaping workplace culture and work practices. This change is essential so that early career women are certain that a long-term career in construction is viable and that they will be able to combine work and family commitments if they choose to do so without a career penalty. • Misalignment between career aspiration and reality for young professional women • Structural and cultural career constraints exist for women in construction. • Women have already given up on achieving their career goals in construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Understanding the complexity of women's perceived health problems and well-being in the period around childbirth as well as risk factors for maternal emergency department visits is critical. • It is noteworthy that 16 % of mothers seek emergency care in the first weeks after birth, and that perceived support from the midwifery clinic does not differ significantly between those who seek care and those who do not. • This study has practical implications for midwifery practice and policy. There is a need for tailored postnatal support strategies so that midwives potentially are able to mitigate emergency department visits. This study aimed to investigate new mothers' self-rated and perceived health problems and complications; their reasons for, and the frequency of, emergency department visits; how emergency department visits were associated with sociodemographic and obstetric factors; and new mothers' experiences of received support from the midwifery clinic. A cross-sectional survey. The study was conducted at 35 of 64 midwifery clinics in Stockholm, Sweden. The study population consisted of 580 new mothers. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used. New mothers experience a range of different health problems and complications during the first four weeks after giving birth. Sixteen percent sought emergency care. The odds of seeking emergency care increased for women with higher age and poorer self-rated health. Sixty-three percent of the new mothers received support from a midwife in primary care within the first four weeks after childbirth. Mothers who did not receive the support they wanted, expressed a wish for earlier contact and better accessibility. It is notable that 16 % of new mothers seek emergency care in the first weeks after childbirth. This study has practical implications for midwifery practice and policy. There is a need for tailored postnatal support strategies so that midwives potentially are able to mitigate emergency department visits. Further studies should look at whether the high number of emergency visits among new mothers varies throughout Sweden, and whether this may be a result of reduced time of hospital stay after childbirth or other factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an increasingly strained maternity care system with a shortage of midwives and great demands for service, pregnant women in their early labour are at risk of receiving insufficient support. Women make calls and visit the labour ward on multiple occasions before being admitted. A video call with a labour ward midwife during early labour is an unknown practice but could support pregnant women and their partners during this uncertain period. The study aimed to describe women's experiences of remote video calls with a labour ward midwife during early labour. A qualitative study comprising nine semi-structured interviews followed by an inductive thematic analysis was conducted. The results revealed that video calls prepared women and their partners by means of practical support. They received an assessment of early labour and the interaction with labour ward midwives prepared them for the impending birth. The participants reported feeling secure and strengthened by being met at their current stage of labour. Furthermore, they found the service accessible, easy to use and emphasised the need for increased availability and continuity. This study highlights the positive impact of video calls in early labour when conducted by competent labour ward midwives. The perceived accessibility and ease of use e-health system underscore a demand for extended availability. These findings indicate the potential benefits of integrating video calls in labour care to enhance support, security, accessibility and overall satisfaction for pregnant women and their partners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The effect of support in Fe-based catalyst on OCCs gasification was studied. • Fe/amorphous Al 2 O 3 shows best H 2 selectivity (51.46%) due to good Fe dispersity. • Fe/TiO 2 shows best H 2 yield (25.10 mmol/g) due to Fe 2 TiO 5 solid-melt component. • Fe/amorphous Al 2 O 3 shows good activity and stability on H 2 production. Catalytic gasification of old corrugated containers with Fe-based catalysts is a promising way to produce renewable H 2 along with the utilization of solid waste. In this study, the effect of support type and crystal form of support in Fe-based catalysts on the catalytic gasification of old corrugated containers was systematically investigated. The results show that, the introduction of Fe/γ-Al 2 O 3 , Fe/TiO 2 , Fe/SiO 2 , and Fe/ZSM5-30 promote H 2 production. Among them, Fe/TiO 2 has the highest catalytic activity on H 2 yield (25.10 mmol/g) related to the formation of Fe 2 TiO 5 solid-melt material. Fe/γ-Al 2 O 3 shows the best H 2 selectivity (46.34 %) and good H 2 yield (24.19 mmol/g) due to good dispersity of Fe. Further, the order of catalytic effect on H 2 selectivity is Fe/amorphous Al 2 O 3 (51.46 %) > Fe/α-Al 2 O 3 (46.98 %) > Fe/γ-Al 2 O 3 (46.34 %). With the increase in cycle index, Fe/amorphous Al 2 O 3 shows the best catalytic effect on H 2 yield (25.56 mmol/g) after 11 indexes due to the formation of Al 2 FeO 4. Fe/γ-Al 2 O 3 shows the best stability on H 2 selectivity (∼43 %) after 11 indexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Support is important for all parents but critical for those experiencing complex trauma. The The Healing the Past by Nurturing the Future project uses participatory action research to co-design effective perinatal support for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander parents. This research aims to identify and refine culturally appropriate support strategies for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander parents experiencing complex trauma. We presented our synthesised eight parent support goals and 60 strategies, collated from Elder and parent focus groups, previous participatory workshops, and evidence reviews, for discussion at a stakeholder workshop. Stakeholder perspectives were captured using a three-point agreement activity and, self- and scribe-recorded comments. Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal researchers analysised the qualitative data, to identify core factors which might facilitate or help enact the parenting related goals. Overall, stakeholders (n = 37) strongly endorsed all eight goals. Workshop attendees (57% Aboriginal) represented multiple stakeholder roles including Elder, parent and service provider. Four core factors were identified as crucial for supporting parents to heal from complex trauma: Culture (cultural traditions, practices and strengths), Relationality (family, individual, community and services), Safety (frameworks, choice and control) and Timing (the right time socio-emotionally and stage of parenting). Context-specific support tailored to the Culture, Relationality, Safety, and Timing needs of parents is essential. These four factors are important elements to help enact or facilitate parenting support strategies. Further work is now required to develop practical resources for parents, and to implement and evaluate these strategies in perinatal care to address cumulative and compounding cycles of intergenerational trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the urgent need to decarbonise the world's energy system, clean hydrogen is emerging as a potential technological solution. As with any new technology, understanding the public's response to hydrogen is critical to its success. Most studies examining public attitudes towards hydrogen have focused on refuelling stations and transport options. As a first of its kind, using a national survey (N = 2785) we evaluate the Australian public's response towards hydrogen for domestic and export use. In Australia, acceptance of hydrogen in domestic applications was influenced by its relative cost, ability to reduce air pollution and associated health benefits. Further, support for a hydrogen export industry was influenced by levels of trust in the government to manage the associated risks and the industry's commitment to climate protection. The paper concludes that effective, nuanced communication and engagement along with supporting financial policies will be critical in facilitating societal acceptance of hydrogen in Australia. [Display omitted] • An Australian national survey investigating subjective support for hydrogen. • Technology Acceptance Framework variables strongly influence hydrogen support. • The influence of TAF variables is observed in domestic use and hydrogen export. • One third of participants support a hydrogen plant being built near them. • Behavioural factors did not have a significant influence on hydrogen support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The study aimed to explore and describe patients' experiences of the transplantation process and the support they had received during the waiting time.Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 patients currently waiting for kidney transplantation from deceased donors (n = 7) or recently having received kidney transplantation (n = 7). Interviews were transcribed, anonymized and analysed inductively using thematic analysis.Results: Two themes and seven sub-themes were identified. The first theme, "Swaying between hope and despair" describes patients' perceptions of waiting for transplantation as a struggle, their expectations for life after the upcoming transplantation and experienced disappointments. The second theme, "Making your way through the waiting time", describes support, strategies and behaviours used to manage the waiting time.Conclusion: Patients described life while waiting for kidney transplantation as challenging, involving unexpected events, not understanding the transplantation process and having unrealistic expectations on life after transplantation. They also described support, strategies and behaviours used, some of which led to unwanted consequences.Practice Implications: Patients waiting for kidney transplantation from deceased donors need continuous and easily available education, practical and emotional support to manage the waiting time. Transplantation specific education is also needed to facilitate preparation for transplantation and adjustment to life after transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Increasing numbers of youths are facing a relative's cancer. In this context, some are required to provide significant support and are called young carers (YCs). However, little is known about how these youth are viewed and supported by health professionals. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of oncology healthcare professionals regarding YCs.Methods: Thirty-one oncology professionals working in France (adult and pediatric departments and homecare services) participated in semi-structured interviews.Results: The results indicated that almost all professionals had already met a YC and could identify several situations in their professional context. Their knowledge of YCs appeared to influence their attitudes and practices. They perceived this situation in a rather superficial way when their discourse and ideas were explored in-depth. They mentioned some ideas for improving support for YCs, but also many barriers.Conclusion: The results highlight a moderate level of awareness. Thus, it is necessary to enhance providers' awareness and knowledge of YCs.Practice Implications: Awareness campaigns and training programs need to be developed for oncology healthcare professionals to help them better identify, understand, and support YCs and their families. This type of action would positively impact patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catalysts based on gold nanoclusters supported by different materials have been used for the selective semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene to styrene. The most active species were formed by catalyst thermal activation in a reductive atmosphere. It is shown that the activity and selectivity of these catalysts is mainly controlled by the interaction of the gold nanoclusters with the support, as demonstrated by using materials with high surface area and different acidity/basicity, i.e. MgO, Al 2 O 3 and Mg/Al hydrotalcite. There is an important influence of the acid/base properties of the support on the selectivity. Higher activity is obtained for gold supported on basic materials (MgO and hydrotalcite) and the best results are obtained with the Au catalyst supported on the MgAl hydrotalcite exhibiting high activity and the best selectivity to the alkene. This was explained by the intermediate basicity of the support that favors the heterolytic cleavage of H 2 while avoiding the overreduction of the alkynes to alkanes. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present a new method to get the value of claims and relations of an argumentation graph. By the method, the values of claims and relations are determined by the average of the solutions of the differential equation derived from the argumentation graph. We show that the overhead of obtaining multiple solutions can be reduced by parallel execution and the values obtained by the method agree with our intuition. We can get a confidence interval of each value and a rough grouping of claims and relations by the method. We show the results for toy graphs, large artificial graphs, and a natural language argumentation graph. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Previous studies have compared the functional roles of the individual lower-limb muscles when healthy young and older adults walk at their self-selected speeds. No age-group differences were observed in ankle muscle forces and ankle muscle contributions to support and progression. However, older adults displayed higher gluteus maximus (hip extensor) muscle forces and greater contributions to support during early stance. There are no data that describe the functions of the individual lower-limb muscles in healthy older adults for walking at speeds other than the self-selected speed.Research Question: How does walking speed affect the functional roles of the individual lower-limb muscles in healthy older adults?Methods: Three-dimensional gait data were recorded for 10 healthy young and 10 healthy older adults walking at slow, normal, and fast speeds (0.7 m/s, 1.4 m/s, and 1.7 m/s, respectively). Both groups walked at the same speed at each condition. The experimental data were combined with a full-body musculoskeletal model to calculate and compare muscle forces and muscle contributions to the vertical, fore-aft, and mediolateral ground reaction forces (support, progression, and balance, respectively) in both groups.Results: Lower-limb muscle function was similar in young and older adults when both groups walked at the same speed at each condition. The same five muscles - gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, vasti, gastrocnemius, and soleus - contributed most significantly to support, progression, and balance in both groups at all speeds. However, gluteus maximus generated greater support and braking forces during early stance and gastrocnemius contributed less to forward propulsion during late stance at all speeds in the older group.Significance: These results provide further insight into the functional roles of the individual lower-limb muscles of older adults during walking and could inform the design of exercise programs aimed at improving support and balance in those at risk of falling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Australia, the provision of maternity care during the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly altered to limit transmission of the virus. Many hospitals limited face-to-face appointments to only the pregnant woman and restricted the number of support people present during labour, birth, and postnatal visits to one person. How these restrictions were experienced by partners and support persons of childbearing women are unknown. To explore the experiences of partners and support persons of women receiving maternity care during the COVID-19 pandemic. A two-phased qualitative study including an online survey and interviews. Analysis was undertaken using content analysis. Partners and support persons experienced a sense of 'missing out' from the pregnancy and maternity care experience because of changes in the provision of care during the pandemic. They reported feelings of isolation, psychological distress, and reduced bonding time with babies. Conflicting information and processes within and across maternity services contributed to feelings of uncertainty and a perceived reduction in the quality of care. Partners and support persons were negatively impacted by restrictions on maternity wards, however they also perceived these to be of benefit to women. Many partners and support persons were negatively impacted by restrictions in maternity services during the pandemic; strategies to ensure their active involvement in maternity care are needed. This study offers insights from the unique perspective of partners and support people of women receiving maternity care during the pandemic. Policies and processes that exclude partners and support persons need to be reconsidered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of the support on the poisoning by phosphorus of cobalt-based catalysts for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was investigated. Four different supports were used in this study, γ-alumina, titania and two silica gels with different pore sizes and surface areas. The deactivation varies in intensity depending on the type of support. The trend follows the strength of the metal-support interactions, γ-alumina being the least affected, while SiO 2 (2 samples with different pore structures) was most affected. These results suggest that in the first case, P interacts mainly with the support while with less interacting supports, P will interact more with the cobalt particles. The addition of different loadings of P was done after the preparation of the catalysts simulating the possible behaviour of a Biomass to Liquids process. The P loading resulted in a decrease in site-time yield and a higher hydrogenation activity leading to a reduced production of value products. Conventional characterization of the catalysts showed two different deactivation mechanisms, including site blocking and electronic effects. The addition of phosphorus decreased the metallic dispersion and reducibility of the catalysts, inhibited the hydrogen desorption and reduced the CO adsorption. Phosphorus species might be altering the catalyst surface, yielding a higher H 2 /CO ratio adsorbed on the catalyst through the modification of the bonding strength between the cobalt and CO, and preventing the desorption of H 2. • Phosphorus causes varying degrees of deactivation depending on the support. • Phosphorus deposition results in decreased chain growth and light olefin content. • Phosphorus hinders CO adsorption in cobalt, by weakening the bond. • Phosphorus inhibits H 2 desorption, contributing to an increased H/CO ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate a theory-based website to support people with dementia and their families in the advance care planning (ACP) process. We conducted an eight-week evaluation study with a convergent parallel mixed-methods design involving people with mild to moderate dementia and their family caregivers who used the website at their convenience. Interviews were conducted at baseline and after 8 weeks to evaluate usability, acceptability, feasibility, experiences, and effects on ACP knowledge, attitudes, perceived barriers to engaging in ACP, self-efficacy and skills to engage in ACP. We included 52 participants (21 people with dementia and 31 family caregivers). In the interviews, all participants considered the website useful and valued the ACP content. Morever, participants reported that family caregivers mostly used the website alone or with the person with dementia. Participants' ACP knowledge, self-efficacy, and skills improved after 8 weeks compared the beginning of the study. The website may be an ideal introduction for those wanting to start ACP, providing user-friendly content and features for initiating and exploring ACP. ACP in dementia requires a tailored approach. Extra support is crucial for website adoption, emphasising the role of family caregivers while respecting individuals' autonomy. • The website can support people with dementia and their families in initiating and exploring advance care planning from the comfort of one's home. • People with dementia and family caregivers found the website valuable, expressing positive perceptions of its content and usefulness. • The website effectively contributed to enhancing understanding and preparedness for advance care planning. • Family caregivers played a crucial role in adopting the website, initiating its use, and emphasising their pivotal role [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of "trauma-informed care" as a paradigm in public health and human services has evolved over the past 30 years. Can trauma-informed practices be used as a leadership tool to help address staff/colleagues as they grapple with the concerns associated with a complex health care landscape? Trauma-informed care shifts the focus from "What's wrong with you?" to "What happened to you?" This powerful approach to addressing stress might help set the stage for caring and meaningful interactions among staff and colleagues before exchanges become fraught with blame and unproductive or toxic impacts on team-based relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]