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This paper focuses on the robust transmitter–receiver design to improve the detectability of an extended target embedded in signal-dependent interference. Specifically, we allow uncertainties for both the interference and target impulse responses. An iterative algorithm is proposed to sequentially improve the worst-case Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) under the constant modulus constraint. Each iteration involves two max-min problems, which can be efficiently solved by generalized eigenvalue decomposition and the Dinkelbach’s procedure, respectively, to obtain the optimized receive filter vector and unimodular transmit sequence. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed numerically in terms of the optimized SINR. We also highlight the improvements of the worst-case SINR compared to nominal designs without robustness considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]