Search

With the improvement of organic synthesis technology and the development of fluorescent probe, more and more fluorescent probes with excellent performance and versatility are required, so as to better realize their application value. High sensitivity, high selectivity, targetable and fast response NIR fluorescence probes are still needed for hydrogen sulfide precise detection. In this study, phenol containing 2, 4-dinitro group was selected as a strong electrophilic group to promote the nucleophilic substitution reaction. After the nucleophilic addition reaction between probe and hydrogen sulfide with delicate structure, strong nucleophile, 2, 4-dinitrophenol departure quickly and the NIR fluorophore was released, which showed fluorescence emission at 741 nm, and the probe detection limit for hydrogen sulfide was calculated as 96 nM. Interestingly, because of the positive charge in the hemiocyanine, the probe can locate efficiently in the mitochondria. This fluorescent probe with excellent performance was used to detect the endogenous levels of hydrogen sulfide in vivo. This work provides guidance for the design of multifunctional and high-performance fluorescent probes. Image 1 • A multifunctional and high efficient hydrogen sulfide NIR fluorescent probe was developed. • Strong electrophilic group was selected to promote the nucleophilic substitution reaction. • The probe demonstrated excellent performance in the detection hydrogen sulfide in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A conjugate-lengthened cyanine NIR fluorescent probe was firstly obtained. • The probe displayed good selectivity and high sensitivity towards H2S with a detection limit 20 nM. • The probe can efficiently realize mitochondria-targeted H2S in vivo. As an important biological messenger and effector molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) not only is involved in maintaining the physiological function in cardiovascular, immune and nervous systems but also controls the activity of mitochondrial atpase and antioxidant stress in living cells. Herein, a new PET-based mitochondria-targeted NIR probe Mito-N 3 with good selectivity and high sensitivity for H 2 S was presented in this work. The free probe has no fluorescence, however, once reacts with H 2 S, Mito-N 3 goes through an analyte-prompted immolation, resulting in the releasing of the fluorophore (Mito−OH) and the concomitant restoring of remarkable fluorescence in the NIR emission at 736 nm. The detection limit was calculated as low as 20 nM. Most importantly, fluorescence imaging experiments showed that the probe can monitor the intracellular H 2 S level in mitochondria of MCF-7 cells, the probe Mito-N 3 also had the potential application in sensing and tracking H 2 S in living nude mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spiroplasma eriocheiris (S. eriocheiris) infection has caused heavy economic losses in Macrobrachium nipponense (M. nipponense) aquaculture industry. However, the interplay between immune responses of M. nipponense and S. eriocheiris infection has not yet been fully elucidated. Herein, full-length transcriptome profiling of M. nipponense hemocytes was performed with or without S. eriocheiris challenge. In total, 20,441 high quality unigenes were obtained, among which 733 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found, including 309 up-regulated and 424 down-regulated genes. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis of DEGs identified 4 hub immune-related genes, including MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (MNK1), C-type lectin 4 (CTL4), gamma-interferon-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (GILT), and anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF). Tissue distribution and expression analysis of the key immune-associated genes demonstrated that they were widely expressed in 6 tissues, especially in gills, and were up-regulated by S. eriocheiris challenge. M. nipponense challenged by S. eriocheiris exhibited a significant reduction of bacterial clearance ability when the hub genes were silenced via RNA interference. Overall, our results indicated that the 4 hub immune-related genes play a vital role in anti- S. eriocheiris infection, thus providing insights into the immune defensive response mechanisms of M. nipponense against S. eriocheiris infection. • We identified 4 core genes in M. nipponense against S. eriocheiris infection. • The 4 core genes are mainly distributed in the gill of M. nipponense. • The 4 core genes are able to clear S. eriocheiris in M. nipponense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]