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Seven undescribed polyketides javanicols A−E, 5- epi -citreoviridin and 5- epi -isocitreoviridin, together with five known compounds, were isolated from the endolichenic fungus Eupenicillium javanicum. The structures of these polyketides were determined by means of extensive spectroscopic analyses, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations and gauge-independent atomic orbital (GIAO) NMR shift calculations. These compounds were evaluated for potential anti-inflammatory activity against LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Javanicol E and (+)-terrein displayed moderate inhibitory effects on NO production, with IC 50 values of 17.00 and 13.46 μM, respectively. Seven undescribed polyketides were isolated from Eupenicillium javanicum residing the lichen Parmelia sp. Javanicol E displayed moderate anti-inflammatory activity. Image 1 • Seven undescribed polyketides were isolated from Eupenicillium javanicum. • Structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses and ECD calculations. • Javanicol E displayed moderate anti-inflammatory activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]