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Lipotoxicity and unresolved oxidative stress are key drivers of metabolic inflammation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). cAMP-response element binding protein H(CREBH) is a liver-specific transcription factor and regulates the glucose and lipid metabolism of NASH. However, its role in mitochondrial oxidative stress and its association with sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a master regulator of deacetylation for mitochondrial proteins, remains elusive. In this study, AML-12 cells were treated with palmitic acid to imitate the pathological changes of NASH in vitro and 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a high-fat (HF) diet or a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet to build the widely accepted in vivo model of NASH. We found that lipid overload induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and stimulated the expression of CREBH and SIRT3. CREBH overexpression alleviated the mitochondrial oxidative stress. Moreover, CREBH promoted SIRT3 expression, which regulated the deacetylation of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and inhibited NOD-Like Receptor Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (Nlrp3) inflammasome activation whereas suppression of SIRT3 damaged the protecting ability of CREBH in mitochondrial oxidative stress. CREBH knockout mice were highly susceptible to HF and MCD diet-induced NASH with more severe oxidative stress. Collectively, our results firstly provided the support that CREBH could serve as a protective factor in the progression of NASH by regulating the acetylation of MnSOD and the activation of Nlrp3 inflammasome through SIRT3. These results suggest that CREBH might be a valuable therapeutic candidate for NASH. [Display omitted] • Lipid overload induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and stimulated the expression of CREBH and SIRT3. • CREBH overexpression promoted SIRT3 expression, regulating MnSOD acetylation and inhibiting Nlrp3 inflammasome activation. • Suppression of SIRT3 damaged the protecting ability of CREBH against mitochondrial oxidative stress in hepatocytes. • This study identifies a novel mechanism of CREBH in the development of NASH, providing a valuable therapeutic candidate for NASH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a typical two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), MoSe 2 has attracted lots of interest due to its electronic and optical properties in recent years. The controllable synthesis of 2D MoSe 2 and its heterostructure is of considerable importance for achieving diverse applications. Herein, we realized the controlled growth of MoSe 2 by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) method through using NaCl as the promoter. Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy have been used to investigate the optical properties of MoSe 2 domains with different layers. The dependence of structures on synthetic parameter is systematically investigated by tuning the growth conditions. On this basis, the monolayer MoSe 2 was constructed on CVD-grown hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) by an all-CVD approach. Detailed characterizations indicate that MoSe 2 deposited on h-BN exhibits improved optical properties as compared to those on SiO 2 /Si. Our results could enrich the understanding for growth of TMDCs, advocating further investigation of their intrinsic properties and a variety of device applications. • 2D MoSe 2 crystals with different layers are constructed using ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD). • The dependence of microstructures on synthetic parameter by tuning the growth temperature and gas flow rate is established. • Monolayer MoSe 2 domains are successfully synthesized on h-BN by an all CVD method with the assisted of NaCl. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The remarkable architecture of nanoparticles with anisotropy or hierarchically multicavity mesoporous structure is critical for multifunctional application. However, it is still a great challenge to simultaneously tailor their composition, external morphology and interior structure. Herein, an emulsion-induced interfacial self-assembly strategy has been developed for the first time to fabricate mesoporous carbon@mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MC@MSs) with manipulatable morphology from hollow rambutan-like nanospheres to hollow bowl-like MC@MSs (HBMC@MSs) with different concave degree and surface roughness. Impressively, the cavity number and location of MC@MSs can be modulated, i.e. , the evolution of internal structure can be transformed from hollow to multicavity and flower-like by varying the solution polarity of primary emulsion, which is a great breakthrough. A novel swelling-double penetration mechanism is proposed to shed light on the growth kinetics of multimorphology nanoparticles. Moreover, the multifunctional platforms ingeniously overcome three disadvantages: (1) the agglomeration during high-temperature annealing process; (2) low biocompatibility caused by high hydrophobicity; (3) poor affinity with hydrophobic drug molecules. Noticeably, the cellular uptake property of HBMC@MSs with red blood cell biomimetic morphology is more favorable than that of spherical nanoparticles. This strategy endows new understanding of fabricating well-defined MC@MSs and rationally designing the nanomedicine carrier for efficient delivery. Figure Schematic illustration of MC@MSs with different morphologies. The emulsion-induced interfacial self-assembly strategy has been developed for the first time to fabricate mesoporous carbon @mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MC@MSs) with diverse morphologies. Impressively, this approach allows the external morphology and interior architecture to be tailored by adjusting the reaction parameters: the number and location of cavities in multicavity MC@MSs (MMC@MSs) can be modulated by varying the solvent polarity in primary emulsion and adjusting the degree of depression of hollow bowl-like MC@MSs (HBMC@MSs) through changing the ratio of ethanol/water (E/W), and the surface roughness of HBMC@MSs can be changed via modulate the amount of CTAB. Moreover, the swelling-double penetration growth kinetic mechanism of multimorphology MC@MSs has been reported to elucidate structural evolution process. The developed versatile synthetic strategy endows new understanding of fabricating MC@MSs with well-defined structure. [Display omitted] • MC@MSs with multimorphology are first fabricated by emulsion-induced strategy. • The number and location of cavities can be modulated, which is a breakthrough. • Swelling-double penetration mechanism is first proposed for formation of MC@MSs. • MC@MSs show superior performance in drug loading and pH-responsive release. • MC@MSs overcome agglomeration, low biocompatibility and poor affinity with drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a novel recrystallization-melting method was used to prepare Eu2+ and Dy3+ co-doped Sr 2 MgSi 2 O 7 translucency long afterglow glass-ceramics with complete crystal development. The synthesis mechanism is discussed by analyzing the detection results of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, phosphorescence spectra, and afterglow attenuation curves. The effect of different firing temperatures and crystallization time on the crystalline phase content, crystal size, and luminescence properties of the Sr 2 MgSi 2 O 7 :Eu2+, Dy3+ glass-ceramics samples were examined. The results show that, as compared with the traditional melt crystallization method or the two-step method, the recrystallization–melting method is able to form some Sr 2 MgSi 2 O 7 :Eu2+, Dy3+ crystals first under a temperature that is lower than that of the glass transition. With increasing firing temperature and crystallization time, crystal growth and recrystallization reached an equilibrium state, accompanied by the generation of liquid glassy phases. It is found that the afterglow properties are proportional to the crystalline phase content and crystal size, with the latter having a more significant effect. Under the condition of firing at 1050 °C for 10 h, tetragonal Sr 2 MgSi 2 O 7 crystals with a maximum size of 20 μm were successfully synthesized for the first time. These crystals exhibited high integrity and optimal afterglow performance, with a duration close to 2 h. The recrystallization-melting method suits industrial production on large scales, and the firing temperature is evidently lowered, which effectively reduces the energy consumption of the synthesis process and significantly improves the long afterglow performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to the shallow understanding of the formation mechanism of ordered mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (OMCNs), there are still many obstacles to the synthesis of OMCNs with controllable morphology by a simple and efficient method. Herein, we first propose a universal mechanism for OMCNs formation, that is, the composite micelle units self-assembly mechanism. Under the guidance of this mechanism, the inexpensive F127 was selected as the soft template, resorcinol and hexamethylenetetramine were used as the carbon source, and a series of dispersions were synthesized for the first time under acidic condition by the one-step aqueous solution method. Interestingly, OMCNs could be transformed from spherical to rhombic dodecahedron by adjusting the amount of F127. Moreover, the particle size of the obtained polymer nanoparticles (PNs) exhibited a linear relationship with the amount of F127 in a wide range (W F127 = 0.25 g–0.70 g), and the linear equation is y = − 1523.6 x + 1055.8 (R2 = 0.99), which can realize the customized synthesis of PNs. As a demonstration of their versatility, a simple and novel method was developed to prepare magnetic Fe-OMCNs by iron doping of PNs by oxidation reaction of iron. These findings have pioneering implications for promoting the development of OMCNs. Figure Schematic illustration of OMCNs with different morphologies and the magnetic Fe-doped OMCNs (Fe-OMCNs).For the first time, dispersed and uniform ordered mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (OMCNs) were prepared by one-step aqueous solution method under strong acidic conditions. Interestingly, the transition from spherical OMCNs to high quality rhombic dodecahedral OMCNs can be achieved only by adjusting the concentration of F127. In this process, the variation of morphology and particle size of PNs was triggered by the changing amount of RF resin bound to MUCs. In addition, we adopted a facile original strategy to functionalize PNs with iron by adding the iron wire into the PNs during drying, thus successfully achieving strongly magnetic Fe-doped OMCNs (Fe-OMCNNs). What's more, these methods have opened up new avenues for functionalization and morphology control of OMCNs. Image 1 • Highly uniform and dispersed OMCNs was first synthesized under acidic conditions by a one-step aqueous solution method. • A universal mechanism for the formation of OMCNs is proposed, that is, the self-assembly mechanism of MCUs. • Adjusting the amount of F127 can transform the PNs from granatohedron to sphere and vary their particle size linearly. • The amount of carbon source bound to MCUs was the main reason driving the morphological transformation of OMCNs. • A simple and unprecedented method was employed to synthesize magnetic Fe-OMCNs by directly inserting iron wire into PNs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has recently become a promising and popular material due to its wide applications, such as deep ultraviolet optoelectronic devices, novel nonvolatile memory technology, room temperature quantum emitter, and dielectric in devices based on two-dimensional (2D) materials. However, realizing uniform h-BN thin films thicker than monolayer remains a major challenge, which is important in both fundamental and practical studies. In this work, we report the selective growth of large-area bilayer h-BN using a two-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach. Through constructing a confined space in the Cu foils/sapphire stack, controlled synthesis of bilayer h-BN is achieved. Systematic characterization verified the formation of bilayer h-BN and the mechanism of CVD growth is also studied. We find that the in situ annealing between the two steps could efficiently facilitate the selective growth, and the local oxidation and reduction process could create preferred nucleation sites for uniform bilayer h-BN. Our results could enrich the understanding of the synthesis mechanism and lay the foundation for controllable synthesis of high-quality h-BN. • Large-area bilayer h-BN is grown on Cu foil substrate using a two-step low pressure chemical vapor deposition method. • Through constructing the confined space by sandwiching Cu foil with sapphire, controlled growth of bilayer h-BN is achieved. • Sapphire induced oxygen-etching effect in the in situ annealing process facilitated the layer selective growth of the h-BN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A BiFeO 3 epitaxial film composed of two tetragonal phases was deposited on SrTiO 3 substrates by using oxygen-deficient La 0.3 Sr 0.7 MnO 3−δ as the buffer. One of these phases is a high-temperature form of the highly elongated monoclinic type-C BiFeO 3 , and the other belongs to the strain-distorted version of the rhombohedral phase. The piezoelectric constant d 33 of the mixed-phase structure was determined to be ~210 pm/V, much larger than that of the pure rhombohedral BiFeO 3 . Electric-field-induced strain up to 4% was observed, suggesting a strong electromechanical coupling of the film. These results enrich the knowledge on the strain-driven morphotropic phase boundary of BiFeO 3 , and thereby provide a possible way for future lead-free piezoelectric applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we investigate the pointwise convergence problem for the Korteweg–de Vries–Benjamin–Ono equation u t + γ H (∂ x 2 u) − β ∂ x 3 u = 0 , (x , t) ∈ R × R , u (x , 0) = f (x) ∈ H s (R) , where γ β > 0. We prove that the solution u (x , t) = U t f (x) converges pointwisely to the initial data f (x) for a.e. x ∈ R when f ∈ H s (R) with s ≥ 1 4 , and that the Hausdorff dimension of the divergence set of points of the solution is α U (s) = 1 − 2 s when 1 4 ≤ s ≤ 1 2 . We also obtain the stochastic continuity for the initial data with much less regularity, i.e. for a large class of the initial data in L 2 (R) , via the randomization technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To our knowledge, how to construct the global small solutions to the 3D MHD system with only one damping term is still an open problem. Motivated by Chen et al. [1] , we give a positive answer in T 3 when the initial magnetic field is close to a background magnetic field satisfying the Diophantine condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We prove the stability of the magnetic Bénard system with partial dissipation on perturbations near a background magnetic field in T 2. Neglecting the effect of the temperature, the stability result provides a significant example for the stabilizing effects of the magnetic field on electrically conducting fluids. In addition, we obtain an explicit large-time decay rate of the solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mesoporous carbon materials with asymmetrical architecture, small particle size (<100 nm) and large pore size, are highly desired but few reports have been covered to fabricate these materials. Here, we developed a facile and novel strategy to synthesize the unique raspberry-shaped N-doped mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (NMCNs) via a dual soft-templated congenerous assembly strategy in one pot for the first time. In this synthesis, the mesoporous carbon nanoparticles can be transformed from raspberry-like to spherical via regulating the amount of F127. The oleic acid, hydrolyzed by sodium oleate (SO) under acidic condition, can serve as porogen to create the hierarchical mesopores for the as-derived samples. Significantly, the raspberry-shaped N-doped mesoporous polymer nanoparticles (NMPNs) treated with saturated sodium chloride solution can avoid the over cross-linking and the collapse of mesostructure during carbonization, which can provide a paradigm for protecting the polymer nanoparticles synthesized in the emulsion system. Especially, the as-synthesized raspberry-shaped NMCNs with asymmetrical architecture, small particle size (86 nm) and large pore size (6.8 nm), possess extremely low cytotoxicity, can be ingested by living cells and work well in drug adsorption/release as a drug carrier, which endow them with a promising prospect in the biomedical field. Schematic illustration of the raspberry-shaped NMCNs and the transformation of morphology and mesostructure via adjusting the synthetical parameters. Herein, a dual soft-templated congenerous assembly method in one-pot aqueous solution was developed to synthesize the unique raspberry-shaped N-doped mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (NMCNs) with hierarchical mesopores and small particle size (about 86 nm) for the first time. In this synthesis, the growth pattern of polymer nanoparticle can be transformed from island nucleation growth mode into co-assembly progress, leading to the raspberry-shaped NMCNs being converted to spherical NMCNs. Interestingly, the sodium oleate (SO) can be hydrolyzed into oleic acid under the highly acidic condition to conduct as porogen and play a significant role in controlling the cavity size of the raspberry-shaped NMCNs by varying the amount of it. Notably, the effect of HCl on the balance of island growth mode between oleic acid emulsion droplet and F127/oleic acid/APF composite micelles is nonnegligible, because the carbon nanoparticle can be continuously tuned from raspberry-shaped NMCNs to spherical NMCNs, and finally to solid carbon nanospheres with HCl increasing. Furthermore, the as-synthesized NMCNs-4 show benign bioavailability and can enhance the release rate and bioavailability of insoluble drugs as a drug carrier, due to the extraordinary raspberry-shaped morphology. Image 1 • Rs-NMCNs was first synthesized via dual soft-template congenerous assembly. • The Rs-NMPNs was protected by the treatment with the saturated NaCl solution. • The morphological transformation of NMCNs was achieved by tuning F127 amount. • Rs-NMCNs possessed benign biocompatibility and can be uptaken by living cells. • Rs-NMCNs showed more excellent performance than S-NMCNs in drug release. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Composite LuAG&CASN-PiGs have been successfully synthesized. • LuAG&CASN-PiG showed a high IQE of 87 % and EQE of 61 %. • A high quality white light (Ra＝95) in LD based on the PiG was achieved. • The LDs based on the PiG realized high laser saturation threshold (＞2.7 W mm−2). • The converted LDs with heat sink exhibited a superior LE of 216.79 lm W−1. The aim of this study is to investigate a thermally robust white color converter for high-power solid-state lighting, especially laser lighting. Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce3+/CaAlSiN 3 :Eu2+ phosphor-in-glass samples (LuAG&CASN-PiGs) were synthesized via a low temperature co-sintering technique. The prepared LuAG&CASN-PiGs exhibited remarkably high internal quantum efficiency of 87 %. Tunable warm white light-emitting diodes (wLED) were acquired by tailoring the sample thicknesses and phosphor contents. The optimized sample showed a high luminous flux of 183.68 lm under a blue laser diodes (LDs). In addition, the chromaticity of white LDs based on the LuAG&CASN-PiGs shifted from cool to warm white by changing the sample thicknesses. High quality white light in wLDs was achieved (Ra＝95). More importantly, the constructed LuAG&CASN-PiG converted LDs with a heat sink exhibited the luminous efficiency of 216.79 lm W−1. The results revealed that the prepared LuAG&CASN-PiG had great potential for application in solid-state laser light sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The homeostasis of mitochondrial functional state is intimately in relation with SIRT3 (sirtuin3). SIRT3, the deacetylase mainly anchored in mitochondria, acts as a modulator of metabolic regulation via manipulating the activity and function of downstream targets at post-translational modification levels. The features of energy sensing and ADP-ribose transference of SIRT3 have also been reported. Recently, accumulating SIRT3-focusing evidences have suggested its complicated role in a series of adverse events such as metabolic disorders, aging-related diseases, coupled with tumors, in which SIRT3 regulates the progress of corresponding biochemical reactions by targeting key mediators. By systematically summarizing the downstream deacetylated proteins of the SIRT3 axis, this review aims to give a comprehensive introduction to the main metabolic pathways and diseases of the molecules involved in acetylation modification, which is expected to provide a direction for further exploration of the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of the above diseases. • SIRT3 deacetylated proteins and lysine sites. • The mechanisms that SIRT3 in nutrient metabolism, ROS, respiratory chain, and autophagy. • The role of SIRT3 in aging-related diseases and cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since being synthesized, CsPbX 3 (X = Cl, Br or I) quantum dots (QDs) have gained increased interest due to their superior performances in photovoltaic applications. Herein, Sm3+-doped CsPbBr 3 nanocrystallines (NCs) were successfully prepared in zinc borosilicate sodium (ZnO–B 2 O 3 –SiO 2 –Na 2 CO 3 , ZBSN) glass, and the as-prepared glass exhibited a strong red emission, which was attributed to the effects of the energy level transitions in Sm3+. Importantly, white light-emitting diodes (W-LEDs) were prepared by combining the glass with a blue InGaN chip, eliminating the need for a red phosphor to provide the red light, and white light was generated with a high colour rendering index (CRI: 82.6), a low correlated colour temperature (CCT: 4455 K) and colour coordinates in the white light region (0.3547, 0.3234). The glasses show excellent stability at 85 °C and 85% RH. Therefore, the Sm3+-doped CsPbBr 3 NCs glass can be used as a colour converter for application in lighting engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The STAT6 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 6) protein facilitates T-helper cell 2 (Th2) mediated responses that control IgE-mediated atopic diseases such as asthma. We have identified compounds that bind to STAT6 and inhibit STAT6 tyrosine phosphorylation induced by IL-4. In the bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B, compound ( R )-84 inhibits the secretion of eotaxin-3, a chemokine eliciting eosinophil infiltration. ( R )-84 appears to prevent STAT6 from assuming the active dimer configuration by directly binding the protein and inhibiting tyrosine phosphorylation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]