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• This is the first study to explore the relationship between family socioeconomic status, suicide ideation, effortful control, irritability, and future orientation among adolescents, particularly in the Chinese context. • 25.6% (last week) and 45.4% (worst) of adolescents reported suicide ideation, with a significantly higher rate of suicide ideation among girls than boys (both last week and worst) and higher rates of suicide ideation among older grades (worst). • The external objective environment (e.g., family SES) may not be directly related to the mental health of adolescents (e.g., irritability, suicide ideation) but can indirectly affect the healthy development of adolescents through internal factors (e.g., effortful control). • The results suggest that we should pay attention to the positive effects of effortful control and future orientation on suicide prevention and intervention and suppress the negative effect of irritability on suicide. Traditionally, most researchers believe that low family socioeconomic status (SES) is closely related to high suicide ideation, but this view remains controversial in empirical studies. Meanwhile, less is known about the mechanisms underlying this association. Moreover, previous studies on the relationship between family SES and suicide ideation have mostly focused on adults rather than adolescents and relatively lacked support from Chinese samples. Therefore, this study is based on the integrated motivational–volitional model of suicide behaviour and the context-process-outcomes model, aiming to determine whether and how family SES is associated with adolescents' suicide ideation and to evaluate the chain-mediating effect of effortful control and irritability, as well as the moderating effect of future orientation on this association. Data were extracted from 1058 girls and 855 boys, aged 11 to 19 years (14.86 ± 1.61 years), who completed a self-reported online survey. Descriptive statistics, t -test, chi-square test, bivariate correlations, and regression analysis were performed using IBM SPSS version 25. The conditional process model (CPM) was examined using SPSS PROCESS Macro 4.0. The results showed that there were differences in some demographic factors and the main study variables between adolescents with and without suicide ideation. In addition, the results suggested that family SES was not directly related to suicide ideation in adolescents, but it could indirectly effect suicide ideation through the chain-mediating effect of effortful control and irritability. Furthermore, future orientation moderated the relationship between irritability and suicide ideation. These findings provide evidence for current debates and conflicting conclusions, reveal the effect mechanism of family SES on suicide ideation, and add to empirical support for the prevention and intervention of adolescent suicide ideation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common malignancies in the whole world, with little improvement in the 5-year survival rate due to the occurrence of chemoresistance. With the increasing interests in tumor immune microenvironment, immunogenic cell death (ICD)-induced chemotherapy has shown promising results in enhancing sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and improving the efficiency of tumor immunotherapy. This review summarizes the role of key ICD biomarkers and their underlying molecular mechanisms in HNSCC chemoresistance. The results showed that ICD initiation could significantly improve the survival and prognosis of patients. ICD and its biomarker could also serve as molecular markers for tumor diagnosis and prognosis. Moreover, key components of DAMPs including CALR, HGMB1, and ATP are involved in the regulation of HNSCC chemo-sensitivity, confirming that the key biomarkers of ICD can also be developed into new targets for regulating HNSCC chemoresistance. This review clearly illustrates the theoretical basis for the hypothesis that ICD biomarkers are therapeutic targets involved in HNSCC progression, chemoresistance, and even immune microenvironment regulation. The compilation and investigation may provide new insights into the molecular therapy of HNSCC. [Display omitted] • Immunogenic cell death (ICD) could significantly increase the HNSCC prognosis. • ICD regulates tumor immune response, tumorigenesis and chemo-resistance through damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) secretion. • ICD biomarkers could be used as molecular markers for tumor diagnosis and prognosis. • The key components of DAMPs including CALR, HGMB1, and ATP are closely associated with HNSCC chemo-sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the surface deformation problem caused by pipe jacking construction, a conditional random field (CRF) method based on Co-Kriging theory is used to establish a stochastic simulation method for soil parameters in a finite element model, considering the constraint effect of borehole data and the influence of the correlation of adjacent strata. Combined with the pipe jacking case, the statistical laws of soil parameters and surface deformation laws are analyzed and compared with the unconditional random field (URF) method to verify the reliability and applicability of the proposed method. The research results show that the stochastic simulation method can effectively characterize the spatial variability and autocorrelation of stratigraphic parameters and obtain the surface deformation law and deformation range caused by pipe jacking construction. The parameters generated by the proposed method have a higher correlation and smaller stochastic range. When using the method to analyze engineering problems, the stochastic curves obtained from the analysis are more concentrated, and the discrete range is smaller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, thanks to their unique and attractive properties, such as tunable bandgap, high absorption coefficient, and long charge carrier diffusion length, metal halide perovskites have been recognized as one of the emerging candidates for next-generation optoelectronic devices. Optoelectronic devices based on perovskites have achieved significant breakthroughs in a relatively short period of time. However, their commercialization still faces various challenges, including stability, scalability, and reproducibility. Defects are often the culprits behind these problems, either inside the perovskites or at the device interfaces. Therefore, rational utilization of defect engineering to minimize the effect of defects on device performance and control of carrier behavior is the key to achieve efficient and stable perovskite-based optoelectronic devices (PODs). Given the important contribution to the rapid development of PODs, there is an urgent need to systematically investigate and summarize recent research advances in defect engineering. Therefore, in this review, defect physics in PODs are described in detail, the role and importance of defects in various PODs are highlighted, and various strategies for optimizing PODs are reviewed. Finally, based on the latest progresses and breakthroughs, the challenges facing in the future development of metal halide perovskites and their potential significance in the field of the optoelectronic are prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pulmonary vascular remodeling is the key pathological feature of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) characterized by a pattern of lipid-related insulin resistance(IR), hormonal derangements and metabolic reprogramming. Our previous studies have demonstrated osthole as natural coumarin compound derived from traditional Chinese medicine is a promising agent for the treatment of pulmonary vascular remodeling in PAH.Purpose: The present study sought to delineate lipid metabolic modulatory mechanism of osthole against pulmonary vascular remodeling by employing an interdisciplinary strategy.Methods: Rat model with PAH induced with MCT and PASMCs proliferation model induced with PDGF-BB were established in this study. Serum and lung tissues were used to lipid-related IR, hormone related indexes, pulmonary vascular remodeling analysis. Then, lipid metabolic gene, key enzymes, metabolites and cell proliferation indexes were examined to investigate metabolic regulatory mechanism in vivo and vitro model of PAH.Results: Osthole significantly showed improvement of lipid-related IR and hormone dysregulation in rats with PAH evidenced by elevating testosterone, androgen receptor and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), inhibiting phosphodiesterase-5(PDE-5), modulating lipid-related IR indexes total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C ratio. Additionally, osthole limited key metabolic gene and enzymes to inhibit accumulation of decadienyl-l-carnitine in lipid metabolism, thus to promote oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production through inhibition of miRNA-22-3p, fatty acid translocase (CD36), fatty acid synthase (FAS), phospholipase A2 (PLA2), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), hexokinase 2 (HK2), activation of metabolic switch isocitrate dehydrogenase 3α (IDH3α), NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1). We found for the first time miRNA-22-3p modulated PASMCs proliferation and vascular remodeling by regulating lipid metabolism reprogramming. Those modifications uncovered therapeutic mechanism of osthole against pulmonary vascular remodeling.Conclusion: Our findings revealed the function of miRNA-22-3p in PASMCs and demonstrated a novel mechanism that miRNA-22-3p as a regulator can be targeted by osthole to greatly restore dysregulated lipid metabolism thus to alleviate pulmonary vascular remodeling in PAH, which provides novel insight into the potential therapeutic target for PAH, further highlights the development potential of osthole derived new drug against PAH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of Fe and SiC additions on the densification, microstructure, and ablation properties of ZrB 2 -based ceramics were investigated in this study. The sample powders were conventionally mixed by cemented carbide ball then sintered by spark plasma sintering. The ablation rates and behavior of the ceramics were investigated under an oxyacetylene torch environment at about 3000 °C. A sample with high relative density (96.3%), high flexural strength (415.6 MPa), and low linear ablation rate (−0.4 µm/s) was obtained via SPS at 1600 °C. Adding 4 vol% Fe was more beneficial to the density of ZrB 2 sintered at 1600 °C as compared to ZrB 2 sintered at 1800 °C. The ablation behavior and rates were similar among samples sintered at 1600 °C and 1800 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a series of heteropoly acids, (Cs 2.2 Cu 0.26 V 0.38) x PMo 12 O 40 (x = 1.3, 1.1, 1.0, 0.88), are prepared, characterized and examined as the catalysts for the oxidation of isobutane to MAA. Under the employed reaction condition, Cs 2.23 Cu 0.26 V 0.38 PMo 12 O 40 exhibits an isobutane conversion of 20% and a MAA selectivity of 51% at 335 °C, giving a MAA yield of 0.68 mmol MAA ·h−1·g catalyst −1. Lattice oxygen mobility and acidity of (Cs 2.2 Cu 0.26 V 0.38) x PMo 12 O 40 catalysts play key roles. A fast migration rate and a moderate release rate of lattice oxygen are beneficial to the selective oxidation of isobutane to MAA. Cs 2.2 Cu 0.26 V 0.38 PMo 12 O 40 exhibits strong acid sites facilitating MAA desorption and surface sites strongly binding MAA, causing MAA polymerization which blocks the active sites and decreases the long-term catalytic activity. These results demonstrate that the optimization of lattice oxygen mobility and surface acidity is an effective strategy to fabricate efficient heteropoly acid catalysts for the oxidation of isobutane to MAA. [Display omitted] • (Cs 2.230 Cu 0.255 V 0.382) x PMo 12 O 40 heteropoly acids are studied as catalysts for oxidation of isobutane to MAA. • Cs 2.230 Cu 0.255 V 0.382 PMo 12 O 40 catalyst exhibits MAA selectivity of 50.8% and yield of 0.68 mmol MAA ·h−1·g catalyst −1. • A fast migration rate and a moderate release rate of lattice oxygen are beneficial to selective isobutane oxidation to MAA. • Strong acid sites facilitate MAA desorption while surface sites strongly binding MAA cause MAA polymerization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research presents a comprehensive investigation into the development of advanced asphalt materials fortified with PF/OMMT nanocomposites, emphasizing the synergistic effects of melt blending and nano intercalation. Through meticulous characterization, including SEM, FT-IR, and XRD analyses, the study unveils the microstructural evolution, affirming the formation of highly oriented interlayer structures within the asphalt matrix. The incorporation of OMMT, known for its hydrophobicity, significantly enhances the interfacial interactions between PF and asphalt, thereby bolstering the material's mechanical resilience, specifically its tensile, shear, and high-temperature rutting resistance properties. The presence of PF imparts notable improvements in the asphalt's thermal stability and aging resistance, attributed to its inherent antioxidative properties and the establishment of a robust three-dimensional polymer network with OMMT. These advancements herald a promising avenue for the production of high-performance, durable asphalt with superior anti-aging characteristics, optimized for demanding environmental conditions and heavy-duty applications. • PF/OMMT nanocomposite intercalation materials were developed using melt blending and intercalation techniques. • PF/OMMT improves the thermal stability of asphalt binders, delaying the aging process. • PF/OMMT modified asphalt exhibits superior rheological performance compared to modifications using PF alone. • Balanced content of PF and OMMT is crucial for optimizing the mechanical properties of asphalt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) belong to the superfamily of thiol-dependent peroxidases, and remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other oxidative stress products. The expression and activity of Prxs can be substantially affected by stimuli from the microenvironment, and in turn regulate cytokine secretion in the context of inflammation in both peroxidase-dependent and -independent pathways. Prxs translocate to mitochondria and are hyperoxidized during acute liver damage, and attenuate intracellular ROS accumulation through their peroxidase activity. In particularly, Prx1 modulates the microenvironment in liver injuries by reducing adhesion molecule expression in vascular endothelial cells and inhibiting the inflammatory response and adhesion of macrophages. Prxs have potent prosurvival effects against ROS in ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury, but Prxs released from necrotic cells increase secretion of inflammatory cytokines by macrophages through TLR2 and 4 activation, which promotes cell death. Prxs can be used as biomarkers to evaluate I/R injury and predict graft survival in liver transplantation. Prxs are modulated in various types of chronic hepatitis and hepatosteatosis, and mediate disease progression. Alcohol administration increases oxidization and inactivation of Prxs in mice because of oxidative stress. In conclusion, Prxs are essential mediators and biomarkers in inflammatory liver diseases and I/R injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The mechanical properties and microstructure of CFRCC were investigated. • Incorporating CFs can improve the mechanical properties of coral concrete. • Incorporating CFs will slow down the early-strength development of CFRCC. • The ITZ of CFRCC exhibits excellent bonding performance. • Fiber pull-out and fiber breakage are the two failure patterns of CFs in CFRCC. In this paper, the effect of carbon fibers (CFs) on the mechanical properties and microstructure of carbon fibers reinforced coral concrete (CFRCC) were experimentally investigated. Eighteen CFRCC mixtures were designed considering concrete strength grade (C20, C30, C40) and CFs content (0.0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%) as variables, and a total of 414 specimens were poured. The cube compressive strength, axial compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, elastic modulus, and Poisson's ratio of CFRCC were obtained by test. Moreover, the microstructure of coral aggregates (CAs) and CFRCC was also observed by X-ray diffractometer, digital microscope, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The experimental results show that the addition of CFs can improve the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength. The optimum content of CFs is about 1.5% by weight of the binder. However, the effect of CFs on the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio is not significant. Furthermore, the microstructure investigation reveals that the CAs have a porous structure, and the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) does not be the weak zone in CFRCC. It is also observed from SEM that there are two failure patterns of CFs in CFRCC, namely fiber pull-out and fiber breakage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]