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Cognitive impairment is one of the main complications of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) might serve as a marker for the risk of cognitive decline in patients with CSVD. We investigated the association of IGF-1 with the development of cognitive impairment in patients with CSVD. We included 216 patients with CVSD (mean age, 67.57 ± 8.53 years; 31.9% female). We compared 117 (54.2%) patients who developed cognitive impairment with 99 (45.8%) patients without cognitive impairment. Patients who developed cognitive impairment had significantly lower levels of IGF-I (p < 0 .001), suggesting that altered IGF-1 signaling may be a risk factor for cognitive decline in patients with CSVD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we have developed a new activation method to convert the hydrothermal carbon of cellulose by means of potassium citrate and urea into a carbon material with well-developed micropores and a high N content, which is capable of separating and enriching CH 4. [Display omitted] • C 6 H 5 K 3 O 7 was first used to prepare ultra-microporous carbon materials. • The mechanism of activated carbon prepared by C 6 H 5 K 3 O 7 and CH 4 N 2 O was proposed. • The micropore and nitrogen content are determined by the feed ratio. • Materials with higher micropores and N% have the maximum CH 4 adsorption capacity. • Study on the thermodynamics of methane adsorption. N-doped microporous carbons have attracted much attention for micromolecule gas separation and accumulation owning to their superior adsorption potential and surface polarizability. However, to prepare N-doped microporous carbon usually acquire excess corrosive KOH as activator, which limits its application in industry. Here, we propose a non-corrosion method for the manufacture of narrow N-doped microporous carbons using potassium citrate acts as activating agent, and urea acts as both a nitrogen doping agent and coactivator without any solvent. The BET surface area, micropore volume, pore size distribution and N content can be easily adjusted by changing the potassium citrate/urea ratio and activating temperature. The influence of porous structure and N content on CH 4 uptake and separation was investigated, and ultra-micropore volume (<1nm) plays a dominate role in CH 4 selectivity adsorption. ACK 2 N 1 had the largest CH 4 adsorption capacity of 3.00 mmol/g and CH 4 /N 2 selectivity of 7.11 at 273.15 K and 100 KPa due to its largest ultra-micropore volume and N content. The adsorption breakthrough, regeneration experiments and adsorption thermodynamics showed that the prepared well-developed N-doped microporous carbons have very good potential for CH 4 separation and enrichment from low coal bed methane. Furthermore, the pore formation mechanism of the well microporous carbon materials is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]