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One hitherto unknown protoilludane-type sesquiterpene, 8 β -hydroxyepicoterpene D (1), along with two novel prenylated aromatic compounds, namely coriolopsisins A and B (2 – 3), were isolated from the ethanol extract of Coriolopsis trogii fruit body. Their structures were determined through extensive spectroscopic data analysis and comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data. Compounds 2 and 3 are rare examples in which the isopentenyl group is attached to the side chain of the aromatic ring rather than directly to the aromatic ring, containing succinimide and alkynyl segments, respectively. Plausible biosynthetic pathways of compounds 2 and 3 are proposed and unique aromatic prenyltransferases may exist. [Display omitted] • One protoilludane-type sesquiterpene and two prenylated aromatic compounds were isolated from Coriolopsis trogii. • 8 β -Hydroxyepicoterpene D (1) was a novel a split-ring protoilludane-type sesquiterpenoid. • Coriolopsisins A and B (2 and 3) were rare examples containing succinimide and alkynyl segments, respectively. • The structures were established via extensive analyses of the spectroscopic data and ECD data. • Plausible biosynthetic pathways of coriolopsisins A and B (2 and 3) are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The permeation of petroleum pollutants severely disrupts the soil ecology and poses a threat to human health. Although research on the Fenton oxidation technology for the remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil is relatively mature, in-depth exploration is still lacking against the backdrop of high-quality development strategies. This study obtained a knowledge map through visualization and co-occurrence analysis of keywords, revealing the temporal and spatial distribution, knowledge structure, and hot research trends, providing a new perspective for understanding the dynamics of the research field. This article compares liquid- and solid-phase iron-catalyzed Fenton oxidation technologies and finds that the solid-phase technology performs better in efficiently removing pollutants, reducing treatment time, lowering costs, and being more environmentally friendly, thereby highlighting its potential as a high-quality development strategy. Additionally, we delve into the key factors affecting the effectiveness of Fenton oxidation, such as the dosage of H 2 O 2 , pH, temperature, catalyst selection, and soil organic matter content, providing a scientific basis for the optimization of the technology. Finally, this study predicts the application prospects of the Fenton system in soil remediation and proposes forward-looking development directions, aiming to guide future research and practice, thereby promoting the innovation and application of Fenton oxidation technology in environmental remediation. [Display omitted] • The research hotspots of SCI papers were identified by knowledge mapping. • Solid-phase iron and liquid-phase iron-catalyzed Fenton technologies were reviewed. • The solid-phase iron catalyzed Fenton system was of high-quality. • The factors and their causes affecting the Fenton oxidation was studied. • The future research and technology innovation directions were proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Membrane aerated biofilm has optimal thickness for simultaneous C, N, P removal. • Air scouring aided by CFD was used to detach outer biofilm for thickness control. • Biofilm yield stress was matched with air scouring induced shear stress on biofilm. • Periodic air scouring enhanced nitrogen removal and reduced biofilm thickness. • Intermittent aeration and air scouring in one cycle simultaneously removed C, N, P. Membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) is challenged by biofilm thickness control and phosphorus removal. Air scouring aided by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was employed to detach outer biofilm in sequencing batch MABR treating low C/N wastewater. Biofilm with 177–285 µm thickness in cycle 5–15 achieved over 85 % chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removals at loading rate of 13.2 gCOD/m2/d and 2.64 gNH 4 +-N/m2/d. Biofilm rheology measurements in cycle 10–25 showed yield stress against detachment of 2.8–7.4 Pa, which were equal to CFD calculated shear stresses under air scouring flowrate of 3–9 L/min. Air scouring reduced effluent NH 4 +-N by 10 % and biofilm thickness by 78 µm. Intermittent aeration (4h off, 19.5h on) and air scouring (3 L/min, 30 s before settling) in one cycle achieved COD removal over 90 %, TIN and PO 4 3−-P removals over 80 %, showing great potential for simultaneous carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fruits and leaves of Sea buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) have been proved their important medicinal and nutritional values. In this study, a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprinting method based on the distribution and relative amount of seven flavonoids was established for the food quality evaluation of Sea buckthorn leaves. The chromatographic peaks were identified using UHPLC-UV-ESI-QTOF-MS. The chemometrics procedure was applied to identify more useful chemical markers for improving the quality control standard. The results indicated that the HPLC fingerprint combining similarity evaluation and quantification analysis can be successfully used to assess the quality of Sea buckthorn leaves. Chemometrics analysis shown that the quality has a certain extent differences in recovery regions and harvest time, the best harvest time was May and June which the leaves in growing period. The factors influencing its quality were also suggested based on HCA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of 6,7-disubstituted-4-phenoxyquinoline derivatives bearing the 2-oxo-4-chloro-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxamide moiety were synthesized, and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against 5 cancer cell lines (H460, HT-29, MKN-45, A549, and U87MG). Most compounds showed moderate to excellent potency, and compared to foretinib, the most promising analog 42 (c-Met/Flt-3 IC 50 = 1.21/2.15 nM) showed a 6.1-fold increase in activity against H460 cell line in vitro. The enzymatic assays (c-Met, VEGFR-2, Flt-3, PDGFR-β, c-Kit, and EGFR) of compound 42 were evaluated in vitro. Docking analysis showed that compound 42 could form three hydrogen bonds with c-Met. Structure–activity relationship studies indicated that a more water-soluble cyclic tertiary amine and electron-withdrawing groups at 4-position of the phenyl ring contribute to the antitumour activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In continuing our efforts to identify small molecules able to inhibit c-Met kinase, three series of novel 6,7-disubstituted-4-phenoxyquinoline derivatives ( 23a – w , 26a – d and 30a – d ) bearing (thio)semicarbazone scaffold were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicity. The biological data revealed that most compounds exhibited moderate-to-excellent activity against HT-29, MKN-45, A549 cancer cell lines and relative poor potency toward MDA-MB-231 cell as well as hardly any cytotoxicity in normal PBL cell. Eleven compounds were further examined for their inhibitory activity against c-Met kinase and three compounds ( 23h , 23n and 26a ) demonstrated good inhibitory activity. This work resulted in the discovery of a potent c-Met inhibitor 23n , bearing 2-hydroxy-3-allylphenyl group at R 2 moiety, as a valuable lead molecule, which possessed remarkable cytotoxicity and high selectivity against A549 and HT-29 cell lines with IC 50 values of 11 nM and 27 nM. Besides, it displayed excellent c-Met kinase inhibition on a single-digital nanomolar level (IC 50 = 1.54 nM). Meanwhile, the results from preliminarily in vivo study reflected that compound 23n showed promising overall PK profiles, consistent with the efficacy in both MKN-45 and HT-29 tumor xenograft mice model. These results clearly indicated that compound 23n is a potent and highly selective c-Met inhibitor and its favorable in vitro and in vivo profiles warrant further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At what intensity the grazing should be practiced on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in China is always confusing farmers, scientists and policy makers for a long time owing to its geographical exception. In order to develop a strategy for sustainable grazing management, we used the dominant Stipa purpurea as a model species to detect genetic diversity and fine spatial structure under different grazing intensities. Intra-population neutral genetic diversity in non-grazed population was significantly higher than three grazed populations; however, the highest value among grazed populations appeared in the moderately grazed population. A relatively low degree of genetic differentiation among populations by AMOVA analysis and a high level of gene flow existed among populations (Gst = 0.2649, Nm = 1.3875 〉 1). The genetic ‘patch’ size increased from 4 m to 16 m and subpopulation number within the S. purpurea populations ranged from 7 to 5 with increasing grazing intensity, therefore grazing will be beneficial to reduce the fragmentation and to increase the population-level adaptation. Though enclosure or no grazing is the best protection of plant germplasm like wind-pollination S. purpurea , moderate grazing is better strategy for grassland use on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]