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[Display omitted] Three new anthraquinones (1 – 3), together with four known analogues (4 – 7) were isolated from the twigs of Cassia auriculata Linn.. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison of spectroscopic data with those reported in literatures. All compounds were tested for their anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity. Compounds 1 , 2 and 7 showed modest antibacterial activity against MRSA with MIC values of 4.2, 5.0, 4.7 μ g/mL, and compounds 3 , 4 , 5 and 6 showed weak antibacterial activity against MRSA with MIC valves of 9.2, 7.6, 7.1, 9.6 μ g/mL, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antenatal depression might cause adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, previous study results were inconsistent, especially in the low- and middle- income countries. We aimed to study the association between antenatal depression and adverse perinatal outcomes in a Chinese population. We performed a prospective cohort study and enrolled pregnant women from January 2020 to January 2021. Antenatal depressive symptoms in the third trimester of pregnancy were evaluated by the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). Baseline characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were recorded. After adjusting for confounding factors (age, occupation, education level, and annual income), multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate the associations between antenatal depression and pregnancy outcomes. Among the 5209 participants, 1448 (27.7 %) pregnant women were positive for depression. After adjusting for potential confounders, women with antenatal depressive symptoms were significantly more likely to deliver prematurely [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.404, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.020–1.933, P = 0.037] and receive cesarean section (OR = 1.154, 95 % CI = 1.002–1.331, P = 0.048). EPDS, not a structured diagnostic interview, was used for psychological assessment. In addition, we only screened the women in their third trimester in a single research center. The association between the duration of antenatal depression and perinatal outcomes was not evaluated. Depressive symptoms were common among Chinese women in their third trimester of pregnancy. Women with antenatal depressive symptoms had increased cesarean section and preterm delivery risks. Screening and treatment for antenatal depression are needed during the prenatal care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cognitive deficits are prevalent in bipolar disorder and are a significant contributor to negative patient-reported outcomes. Herein we conducted a pilot study of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to improve cognitive function in adults with bipolar disorder.Methods: The study was a triple-blinded, randomized, placebo-control trial. Participants (aged 18 to 60) with a diagnosis of DSM-5-defined bipolar disorder (I or II) were recruited and randomized (N=36) to receive either a sham treatment (n=20) or an active rTMS treatment (n=16). Patients completed the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) at baseline and 1-2 weeks after the rTMS intervention.Results: A significant group by time interaction was observed in the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R), (F (1, 34) = 17.0, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.33). Post-hoc analysis revealed that although both groups did not significantly differ at baseline (p = 0.58), patients in the active rTMS group significantly improved following neurostimulation (p = 0.02) for HVLT-R. Moreover, within-subject analysis indicated that the active rTMS group significantly improved in score from pre-treatment to post-treatment (p < 0.001), while the sham group did not improve (p = 0.94) for HVLT-R. No significant differences were seen in the other cognitive measures.Limitations: The study was conducted in a small sample .Conclusion: This pilot study, which was intended to establish feasibility, suggests that rTMS may offer benefit in select domains of cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder. None of the measures across subdomains revealed a dyscognitive effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Research is needed to identify possible predictive factors for PORT in pN2 NSCLC patients. • The effect of PORT differs in subgroups of pN2 NSCLC patients. • PORT improves OS in patients at a high risk of LRR. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in patients with resected pathologic N2 (pN2) non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with different locoregional recurrence (LRR) risks. The primary cohort and validation cohort were retrieved from two independent medical centres. Data for all consecutive patients with completely resected pathologic stage T1-3N2M0 NSCLC were analysed. Patients without PORT in the primary cohort were identified as a training set. Significant prognostic factors for LRR were identified by the Fine-Gray model to develop a prognostic index (PI) in the training set. The primary cohort consisted of 357 patients who met the eligibility criteria (training set, 287 patients without PORT). The external validation cohort consisted of 1044 patients who met the eligibility criteria (validation set, 711 patients without PORT). Heavy cigarette smoking history, clinical N2 status (cN2), and the number of positive lymph nodes >4 were identified as independent risk factors. The PI was computed as follows: PI＝0.8*smoking history＋0.5*cN2＋0.7*the number of involved lymph nodes (reference level was assigned the value 1 and risk level the value 2). In the low-risk group (PI score< = 3), PORT showed a trend towards decreased LRR rates but not significantly improved overall survival (OS). In the high-risk group (PI score>3), PORT significantly reduced the risk of LRR and improved OS. We constructed and validated a PI to predict individually the effect of PORT in patients with completely resected pN2 NSCLC. Patients with a higher PI score can benefit from PORT in terms of OS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common inflammatory joint disease that is mainly characterized by articular cartilage destruction. Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a transcription factor that acts as a critical mediator of inflammatory response. However, the role of FOXM1 in OA has not been investigated. Interleukin (IL)-1β is a major proinflammatory cytokine, which is associated with cartilage destruction in the pathophysiology of OA. In the present study, we used IL-1β to stimulate chondrocytes for the establishment of OA in vitro model. We found that FOXM1 was up-regulated in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Knockdown of FOXM1 attenuated IL-1β-caused decrease in cell viability. Knockdown of FOXM1 suppressed the IL-1β-induced production of inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-6. Besides, several inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were also repressed by knockdown of FOXM1. FOXM1 silencing also inhibited the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) including MMP-3 and MMP-13. Furthermore, we found that knockdown of FOXM1 blocked the IL-1β-induced NF-κB activation in chondrocytes. These findings indicated that FOXM1 might play an important role in the pathogenesis of OA, suggesting that FOXM1 might be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of OA. Highlights • FOXM1 levels were up-regulated in OA tissues and IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. • Knockdown of FOXM1 inhibited IL-1β-induced reduction in cell viability. • si-FOXM1 suppressed inflammatory response in IL-1β-induced human OA chondrocytes. • Knockdown of FOXM1 prevented IL-1β-induced NF-κB activation in chondrocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Prenatal urinary BPA and BPF exposures were associated with reduced birth length and increased ponderal index. • Prenatal urinary BPS exposure was associated with reduced gestational age. • Sex-specific associations of prenatal bisphenol exposures with fetal growth parameters were observed. Bisphenol A (BPA) can cause detrimental effects on fetal growth. However, the effects of BPA alternatives, such as bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS), on fetal growth are less known. To investigate the relationships of prenatal BPA, BPF, and BPS exposures with fetal growth parameters and gestational age. Urinary BPA, BPF, and BPS were measured in 1,197 pregnant women before delivery in a Chinese cohort. The associations of prenatal exposure to BPA, BPF, and BPS with fetal growth parameters and gestational age were examined, and associations stratified by fetal sex were also conducted. We used a restricted cubic splines (RCS) model to examine the dose–response associations between exposures and outcomes. Maternal urinary BPA and BPF were negatively related to birth length (-0.30 cm, 95% CI: −0.44, −0.15 and −0.21 cm, 95% CI: −0.36, −0.07 comparing the extreme exposure groups, respectively, both p for trends < 0.01). These associations were more pronounced in girls with inverted U-shaped dose–response relationships. Maternal urinary BPA and BPF were positively related to ponderal index (0.05 g/cm3 × 100, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.09 and 0.04 g/cm3 × 100, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.08 comparing the extreme exposure groups, respectively, both p for trends = 0.02), and maternal urinary BPS was associated with shorter gestational age (-0.20 weeks, 95% CI: −0.37, −0.03 comparing the extreme exposure groups, p for trend = 0.02). These associations were only observed in girls and exhibited a linear dose–response relationship. Prenatal BPA, BPF, and BPS exposures were associated with detrimental effects on fetal growth parameters, and stronger effects were noted in female infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]