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To describe and analyze the current research status of life-space mobility of the older persons in community. The literature in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, EBSCOhost, Scopus, OpenGrey, SinoMed, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP databases was computer searched, and the time frame was build to May 23, 2023. A total of 42 literatures were included, including 35 in English and 7 in Chinese, 30 of which were cross-sectional studies. Theoretical models related to spatial mobility included the "concentric circles" model and the "cone" model. 33 literatures reported the prevalence or level of spatial mobility limitations, and 9 assessment instruments were used, The influencing factors can be divided into four categories. 9 literatures reported on the adverse effects, and 9 literatures reported on the prevention and intervention. The limitation of life-space mobility is a common and under-recognized phenomenon among the older persons in the community,with serious adverse effects, complex and diverse influencing factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Chemo-DLI–associated cGVHD improved outcomes in relapsed acute leukemia after HSCT. • Moderate and severe cGVHD were associated with better clinical outcomes. • Mild cGVHD may not be associated with a sufficiently strong GVL effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and severity of chemotherapy plus donor lymphocyte infusion (Chemo-DLI)-associated chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) in a consecutive cohort of patients with acute leukemia who experienced relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (n = 104). The 5-year cumulative incidence of complete remission after Chemo-DLI was 81.0% (95% CI, 73.3% to 88.7%) and 84.6% (95% CI, 74.5% to 94.7%) in the moderate and severe cGVHD groups, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the mild cGVHD group at 40.9% (95% CI, 29.3% to 52.5%) and non-cGVHD group at 29.2% (95% CI 23.1% to 35.3%). The cumulative incidence of nonrelapse mortality was comparable between patients with and without cGVHD. The 5-year probabilities of progression-free survival after Chemo-DLI were 42.9% (95% CI, 26.2% to 70.2%) and 34.6% (95% CI, 15.3% to 78.2%) in the moderate and severe cGVHD groups, respectively, which were both significantly higher than those of the mild cGVHD group at 9.1% (95% CI, 2.4% to 34.1%) and non-cGVHD group at 8.3% (95% CI 3.3% to 21.3%). The 5-year probabilities of overall survival after Chemo-DLI were 56.7% (95% CI, 38.9% to 82.7%) and 43.1% (95% CI, 22.1% to 84.0%) in the moderate and severe cGVHD groups, respectively, which were both significantly higher than those of the mild cGVHD group at 9.1% (95% CI 1.8% to 47.1%) and non-cGVHD group at 14.9% (95% CI, 7.3% to 30.2%). Our observations highlight the close relationship between cGVHD and immune-mediated graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect in patients with relapse receiving Chemo-DLI; however, mild cGVHD may not be associated with a sufficiently strong GVL effect to induce remission and improve survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Bis(7)-tacrine [bis(7)-tetrahydroaminacrine] acts as an AChE inhibitor and also exerts modulatory effects on many ligand-gated ion channels and voltage-gated Ca2+ and K+ channels. It has been reported previously that tacrine and some other AChE inhibitors suppressed I K(A) in central and peripheral neurons. The present study aimed to explore whether bis(7)-tacrine could modulate the function of native delayed rectifier potassium channels in DRG neurons and KV1.2 encoded potassium channels expressed in oocytes. We found that both delayed rectifier potassium currents (I K(DR)) in rat DRG neurons and the currents recorded from oocytes expressing KV1.2 () were suppressed by bis(7)-tacrine, the potency of which was two orders greater than that of tacrine. The IC50 values for bis(7)-tacrine and tacrine inhibition of I K(KD) in DRG neurons were 0.72±0.05 and 58.3±3.7μM, respectively; while the two agents inhibited in oocytes with an IC50 of 0.24±0.06 and 102.1±21.5μM, respectively. The possible mechanism for bis(7)-tacrine inhibition of I K(A) and was identified as the suppression of their activation, inactivation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Severe contaminations of perfluoroalkanesulfonic acids (PFSAs) existed in the natural groundwater beneath a fluorochemical industrial park (FIP) in Fuxin of China. In the present study, systematic researches were performed to determine the best conditions of efficient treatment for 1 mg L−1 of PFSAs in the synthetic groundwater samples with the periodically reverse electrocoagulation (PREC) using the Al–Zn electrodes. Based upon the orthogonal experiments, the removal efficiencies of perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) could reach 87.4%, 95.6%, and 100%, respectively, within the initial 10 min, under the optimal conditions of voltage at 12.0 V, pH at 7.0, and stirring speed at 400 rpm. In addition, the optimized PREC technique was further applied to remove the PFSA contaminations from the natural groundwater samples of the Fuxin FIP, subsequently generating the removal efficiencies of three target PFSA analytes in the range between 59.0% and 100% at 60 min. Moreover, the SEM-EDS analyses showed the hydroxide flocs formed during the process of PREC treatment had clear characteristics of floc aggregates, with the major constituents of O, Al, C, N, Zn, and F elements. As a result, long-chain PFHxS and PFOS tended to be eliminated completely from the natural groundwater by their absorptions on the Al–Zn hydroxide flocs, potentially because of their higher hydrophobicity compared with short-chain PFBS. Image 1 • PFSAs in groundwater could be removed by the periodically reverse electrocoagulation. • Orthogonal experiments were used to confirm the best conditions for the treatment. • Optimal removal efficiencies of PFSAs in synthetic groundwater were up to 87.4%–100%. • 59.0%–100% of removal efficiencies reached for PFSAs removal from natural groundwater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A swelling-changeful polymer catalyst with controlled acid concentration for glycerol acetylation to biodiesel additives was carried out. This polysulfone catalyst was prepared by direct copolymerization of sulfonated monomer instead of post functionalization of polymer. The influences of acid concentration of polymer and reaction parameters (such as reaction temperature and time) on the glycerol conversion and product selectivity were studied. Glycerol conversion of 98.4% with 94.9% total selectivity of diacetin and triacetin was achieved at a moderate condition on a polysulfone catalyst with the appropriate acid concentration, which was more active than conventional Amberlyst 15 catalyst. The enhanced catalytic performance of polysulfone catalyst was attributed to the stronger acid strength and better swelling property. Besides, the polymer catalyst had a changeful swelling property during glycerol esterification. It swelled at the initial reaction stage and deswelled from solution at the end of reaction, which provided a good mass transfer during the reaction and endowed easy separation of catalyst from the reaction medium after the reaction. Moreover, the polymer catalyst can be reused several times without deactivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing attentions have been paid on widespread contaminations of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Particularly, simultaneous occurrence of multiple PFAS in the aquatic environments globally has been recognized as a crucial emerging issue. The present study aimed to perform simultaneous removal of multiple PFAS contaminations from groundwater around a fluorochemical facility based upon the technique of periodically reversing electrocoagulation (PREC). Accordingly, the experiments were implemented on the best conditions, actual application, and removal mechanism in the process of PREC with Al–Zn electrodes. Consequently, 1 mg/L synthetic solution of ten PFAS could be eliminated ideally during the initial 10 min, under the optimal conditions involving voltage at 12 V, pH at 7.0, and electrolyte with NaCl. The maximum removal rates of perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) were 90.9%, 91.0%, 99.7%, and 100%, respectively. The PREC performed a significant improvement for the wide scope of PFAS removal with the levels ranging from 10 μg/L to 100 mg/L. In addition, the optimized PREC technique was further applied to remove various PFAS contaminations from the natural groundwater samples underneath the fluorochemical facility, subsequently generating the removal efficiencies in the range between 31.3% and 99.9%, showing the observable advantages compared with other removal techniques for the actual application. Finally, the mechanism of PFAS removal was mainly related to enmeshment and synergistic bridging adsorption, together with oxidation degradation that determined by potential formation of short-chain PFAS in the PREC process. As a result, the PREC technique would be a promising technique for the efficient removal of multiple PFAS contaminations simultaneously from natural water bodies. [Display omitted] • PREC removed multiple PFAS from synthetic solutions with the rates up to 100%. • PREC performed significant improvement for the wide scope of PFAS removal. • PREC showed advantages for simultaneous removal of PFAS from natural groundwater. • The removal mechanisms were enmeshment, bridging adsorption, and degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Widespread distributions of short-chain perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has been recognized as a crucial environmental issue. However, multiple treatment techniques were ineffective due to their high polarity and mobility, contributing to a never-ending existence in the aquatic environment ubiquitously. The present study revealed potential technique of periodically reversing electrocoagulation (PREC) to perform efficient removal of short-chain PFASs including experimental factors (in the conditions of 9 V for voltage, 600 r/min of stirring speed, 10 s of reversing period, and 2 g/L of NaCl electrolyte), orthogonal experiments, actual application, and removal mechanism. Accordingly, based upon the orthogonal experiments, the removal efficiencies of perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) in simulated solution could achieve 81.0% with the optimal parameters of Fe–Fe electrode materials, addition of 665 μL H 2 O 2 per 10 min, and pH at 3.0. The PREC was further applied for treating the actual groundwater around a fluorochemical facility, consequently the removal efficiencies for typical short-chain perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), PFBS, and perfluoropentane sulfonate (PFPeS) were 62.5%, 89.0%, 96.4%, 90.0%, and 97.5%, respectively. The other long-chain PFASs contaminants had superior removal with the removal efficiencies up to 97%–100%. In addition, a comprehensive removal mechanism related to electric attraction adsorption for short-chain PFASs could be verified through the morphological analysis of ultimate flocs composition. The oxidation degradation was further revealed as the other removal mechanism by suspect and nontarget screening of intermediates formed in simulated solution, as well as density functional theory (DFT) calculation theory. Moreover, the degradation pathways about one CF 2 O molecule or CO 2 eliminated with one C atom removed in PFBS by ·OH generated from the PREC oxidation process were further proposed. As a result, the PREC would be a promising technique for the efficient removal of short-chain PFASs from severely contaminated water bodies. [Display omitted] • Periodically reverse electrocoagulation was developed for short-chain PFASs removal. • PREC with Fe–Fe electrodes could remove 81.0% of PFBS from synthetic solutions. • PREC removed short-chain PFAS contaminations from actual groundwater remarkably. • Removal mechanisms were electric attraction adsorption and oxidation degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exciplex-thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) is significant due to its potential in energy-saving and flexible techniques, but still suffers from complicated-synthesis materials and low-efficiency devices. Herein, we synthesize two new spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene] (SFX)-based acceptors, 2-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-SFX (TRZSFX) and 2,7-bis(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-SFX (DTRZSFX) via convenient method, and obtain exciplex-emitters using the tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine (TCTA) as a donor. The results suggest that two devices based on TCTA:TRZSFX and TCTA:DTRZSFX display excellent exciplex-TADF accompanied by appealing efficiencies of 79.6 cd A−1 and 78.1 lm W−1. Encouragingly, a maximum value of 22.5% in external quantum efficiency (EQE) is realized for TCTA:TRZSFX-based device, which is higher than those of most reported exciplex OLEDs as far as we know. Our work offers a promising avenue for developing high-efficiency exciplex-emissions. Image 1 Two novel triazine-substituted spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene] derivatives are prepared as electron acceptors to form high-performance exciplex-emissions with excellent efficiencies of 79.6 cd A−1, 78.1 lm W−1 and 22.5%. • Two triazine-substituted SFX derivatives were synthesized as electron acceptors. • The triazine-substituted acceptors possess exciplex-TADF feature. • The TCTA:TRZSFX film exhibits photoluminescence efficiency of 73%. • The TCTA:TRZSFX-based device displays external quantum efficiency of 22.5%. • The excellent emission efficiencies benefit from the triazine-substitution in SFX. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]