Search

Electricity demands are steadily increasing every year because of continued improvements to the quality of life and extreme hot and cold weather conditions. Therefore, the electric demand response management (DRM) system was introduced to prevent unstable electricity supply both domestically and globally. Unlike power generation in power plants, DRM regulates the demand and supply by reducing building energy consumption. Demand management is divided into energy efficiency and demand response. Energy efficiency reduces normal energy consumption by replacing older equipment and materials with high-efficiency models, remodeling the building envelope, and efficient system operation. Demand response reduces the electric consumption of pre-contracted electrical consumers at certain times, especially at peak load times. To determine the energy savings of buildings, the customer baseline load (CBL) is used. However, the CBL cannot evaluate the energy savings due to the energy efficiency improvements because it only assesses savings based on normal energy consumption. Therefore, DRM has a high incentive for buildings with high-energy consumption, while buildings with implemented energy efficiencies have low incentives, even though electricity demand is reduced. In this paper, we present the standard energy consumption to reflect both energy efficiency and demand response which can help stabilize power supply in the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] We measured the thermal performance of different window systems. [•] We also analyzed their effects on building energy savings in S. Korea. [•] The maximum ratings of the southern region and Jeju Island are Ratings 1. [•] The maximum ratings of the central region is just Ratings 2. [•] We suggest more specific and local criteria of the certification system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Blue light has outstanding transmission characteristics in the sea, and is known to cause the most sensitive visual response in common squid Todarodes pacificus. Application of a light emitting diode (LED) that can efficiently emit monochromatic light is expected to bring enormous energy savings. LED can produce cost-effective low-wattage irradiance at the specific wavelength. This study investigated the retinular responses of common squid T. pacificus to colored LED lights and light adaptation conditions based on the Perkinje effect, which is the tendency for the luminance sensitivity of the human eye to shift depending on the bright and dark adaptation states. The changes of the retinular response to blue, red and white LED were investigated in the bright and dark adaptation conditions in the water tank experiment. The degree of light adaptation was similar between the bright adaptation state and dark adaptation state to blue light, which suggests that squid retina is highly sensitive to blue light as it has been reported to date. On the other hand, the degree of light adaptation to red LED light showed a tendency to increase, albeit slightly, over time. However, the degree of light adaptation to white light with wide wavelength band showed similar tendencies as to the case of red light in the dark adaptation condition, and was actually superior to the case of blue light in the bright adaptation condition. Also, the degree of light adaptation of the retina cells collected from the sea experiment was found to be between the range of 20 and 40%. From these results, blue light may be regarded as an excellent luring source as the retina of squid is highly sensitive to it, but it cannot be determined as the most ideal LED color for the purpose of catching fish. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

As a result of industrialization and urbanization, several harmful factors such as the presence of particulate matter (PM) and yellow sand in the atmosphere, have become an issue. As the interest in improving the air quality has increased, the market for high performance air cleaning products able to filter even exceedingly small dust particles is rapidly expanding. In this study, we present a flexible dielectric film that can adsorb PM using triboelectricity. Without the problem of pressure loss or generation of hazardous substances that occurred in previous filters, this polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based flexible dielectric film could be attached to an electric fan and PM can be removed. Triboelectricity is induced by the friction between PDMS and metal nanoparticles when vibration resulting from an external energy source occurs. It was experimentally confirmed that the PM removal efficiency of the PDMS-based flexible dielectric film was 20% higher than that of the control group, based on the standard 95% removal of PM. We expect that the proposed electrostatic film could be used as a highly efficient, flexible, and washable filter in PM removal systems. Image 1 • Flexible dielectric film can adsorb particulate matter (PM) using triboelectricity. • Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) was employed to compare the charging effects of dielectric film. • We have clearly demonstrated a PM adhesion film and experimentally analyzed its collection effect of PM 10 and PM 2.5. • This study can provide new insight into PM adhesion systems considering application, air speed, and reuse after washing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Application of heat control strategy reduces total energy consumption of LED lighting. [•] Convective heat from LED lighting should be emitted outdoors during cooling period. [•] Seasonal optimization of convective heat lowers total energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]