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The current investigation reports the enhanced bacterial cellulose (BC) productivity from previously isolated bacteria, Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. steigerwaltii strain ZKE7 using different raw sources. Optimization by Plackett–Burman and central composite designs revealed improved BC production of 31.7 g/L BC (In-situ) with 7.54-fold enhancement. Different BC composites were synthesized using optimized In-situ BC that showed excellent water retention capability, moisture content, water release rate, porosity, thickness and protein adsorption. In vitro drug (methylene blue dye and ceftriaxone) release profile of the composites (BC-Cu and BC-CMC) suggested a sustained drug delivery and indicated a non-Fickian diffusion behavior based on Peppas model. The quick catalytic activity of BC-Cu in fast reduction of 4-nitrophenol was demonstrated spectrophotometrically with decline in the characteristic absorbance peak of 4-nitrophenol. In-situ BC and composites exhibited antimicrobial properties with differential activity against different pathogens. Significant antibacterial and inhibitory effect was evidenced against Bacillus cereus. Only In-situ BC showed a pronounced antifungal activity against Candida albicans. In-situ BC and composites were characterized by various analytical techniques including FTIR, SEM-EDS, TGA and DSC. The current study reveals enhanced BC yield with the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by BC-Cu composite and antimicrobial property suggests its employability in drug delivery systems and environmental applications. [Display omitted] • BC yield was enhanced by 7.54 folds. • Composites revealed excellent properties. • Composite showed catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol. • Synthesized In-situ BC and composites exhibited potential antimicrobial properties and thermal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the antiparkinson effect of khellin (KL) on rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) was examined in zebrafish. Initially, In silico evaluations, such as drug likeness and ADME/T analysis, confirmed the pharmacological viability of KL. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) analysis revealed stable binding interactions between KL and monamine oxidase B (MAO-B). Molecular docking results for KL and pioglitazone (CCl) revealed binding energies of −6.5 and −10.4 kcal/mol, respectively. Later, molecular dynamics (MD) studies were performed to assess the stability of these complexes, which yielded binding energies of −36.04 ± 55.21 and −56.2 ± 80.63 kJ/mol for KL and CCl, respectively. These results suggest that KL exhibits considerable binding affinity for MAO-B. In In vitro studies, according to the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, KL exhibited significant antioxidant effects, indicating that it can promote redox balance with an IC 50 value of 22.68 ± 0.5 μg/ml. In vivo studies and evaluation of locomotor activity, social interaction, histopathology and biochemical parameters were conducted in KL-treated zebrafish to measure SOD and GSH antioxidant activity, the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA), the inflammatory marker myeloperoxidase (MPO) and MAO-B. However, while the locomotor and social interaction abilities of the rotenone-treated zebrafish were significantly reduced, KL treatment significantly improved locomotor activity (p < 0.001) and social interaction (p < 0.001). KL alleviated PD symptoms, as indicated by significant increases in SOD (p < 0.01), GSH (p < 0.001), MDA (p < 0.001), MAO-B (p < 0.001) and MPO (p < 0.001) in rotenone-induced PD fish (p<0.001) significantly reduced activities. Histopathological studies revealed that rotenone-induced brain hyperintensity and abnormal cellularity of the periventricular gray matter in the optic tectum were significantly reduced by KL treatment. This study provides a strong basis for developing KL as a new candidate for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, with the prospect of improved safety profiles and efficacy. [Display omitted] • Khellin (KL) exhibited significant antiparkinson effects in a rotenone-induced zebrafish model of Parkinson's disease. • In silico studies confirmed KL's drug-likeness and stable binding interactions with monamine oxidase B (MAO-B). • KL treatment significantly improved locomotor activity (p<0.001) and social interaction (p<0.001) in rotenone-treated zebrafish. • KL significantly increased SOD (p<0.01), GSH (p<0.001), and reduced MDA (p<0.001), MAO-B (p<0.001), and MPO (p<0.001) activities and histopathology revealed KL reduced rotenone-induced brain hyperintensity and abnormal cellularity in the optic tectum. • The study provides a strong basis for developing KL as a novel candidate for Parkinson's disease treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an excellent natural biopolymer with wide range of applications. The present study reports a potential BC producing thermophile, identified as Bacillus licheniformis strain ZBT2. The thermophile produced pellicle form of BC (3.0 g/l) under static conditions. Statistical optimization of BC was carried out by Plackett–Burman and central composite design. Results suggest that BC yield (9.2 g/l) was enhanced with 6.6-fold after optimization. BC-gelatin hydrogels composites were developed to assess various properties. The water retention capability and moisture content properties of BC and composites were promising and also exhibited negligible protein adsorption. The composites also demonstrated to be consistent during controlled drug delivery profiling. Furthermore, the composites also demonstrated antibacterial efficiency against Escherichia coli and Micrococcus luteus. The structural, morphological and thermal properties were assessed by analytical techniques such as, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The study reflects the exploitation of a thermophile for development of BC which can be a preferred choice as a scaffold for tissue engineering and drug-delivery systems. Image 1 • A thermophilic bacterium was able to produce pellicle form of Bacterial cellulose. • Bacterial cellulose yield was enhanced with 6.6-fold after optimization. • Bacterial cellulose and composites were promising and exhibited negligible protein adsorption. • Results of composites was consistent during controlled drug delivery profiling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]