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Abstract: Oral squamous papilloma and papillary squamous cell carcinoma are 2 clinicopathologically distinctive papillary epithelial tumors. The current study aims to compare the clinical and pathologic features of these oral papillary lesions in a patient population from eastern China. A retrospective review in a series of patients with clinical and pathologic diagnosis of oral squamous papilloma (n = 141) and papillary squamous cell carcinoma (n = 56) was conducted. The average age of oral squamous papilloma was 51.0 years (male-to-female ratio, 1.82), with the palate being the predominant site. The average age of oral papillary squamous cell carcinoma was 63.3 years (male-to-female ratio, 1.67), with the gingiva being the predominant site. Multivariate analysis revealed that the elderly patient with papillary lesion (≥60 years) was associated with 3.09-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.59-6.03) increased carcinoma risk compared with the nonelderly patient. The lesion located on the gingiva was associated with 4.98-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.96-12.63) increased carcinoma risk compared with other oral sites. Collectively, clinicopathologic features of oral squamous papilloma and papillary squamous cell carcinoma in eastern China were elucidated. Elderly patients with oral papillary lesions located on the gingiva correlate with higher carcinoma risk. It highlights the importance of using a histologic examination to confirm the clinical diagnosis for any suspicious papillary lesions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Head and neck cancer ranks as the sixth most prevalent malignancy, constituting 5 % of all cancer cases. Its inconspicuous onset often leads to advanced stage diagnoses, prompting the need for early detection to enhance patient prognosis. Currently, research into early diagnostic markers relies predominantly on genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and other methods, which, unfortunately, necessitate tumor tissue homogenization, resulting in the loss of temporal and spatial information. Emerging as a recent addition to the omics toolkit, spatial metabolomics stands out. This method conducts in situ mass spectrometry analyses on fresh tissue specimens while effectively preserving their spatiotemporal information. The utilization of spatial metabolomics in life science research offers distinct advantages. This article comprehensively reviews the progress of spatial metabolomics in head and neck cancer research, encompassing insights into cancer cell metabolic reprogramming. Various mass spectrometry imaging techniques, such as secondary ion mass spectrometry, stroma-assisted laser desorption/ionization, and desorption electrospray ionization, enable in situ metabolite analysis for head and neck cancer. Finally, significant emphasis is placed on the application of presently available techniques for early diagnosis, margin assessment, and prognosis of head and neck cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]