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• Analyzed the stochastic resonance and stochastic P-bifurcation of an axially moving shape-memory alloy laminate. • A change in the volume fraction of the SMA shifted the formant of the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) curve up and down. • Variation in axial velocity, temperature, and stochastic intensity induced stochastic P-bifurcation. This paper investigates the transverse vibration of an axially moving shape-memory alloy (SMA) fiber hybrid laminations under the combined action of transverse harmonic excitation and stochastic disturbance. Considering the shape memory alloy (SMA) fiber volume fraction random field, the kinetic energy and strain potential energy of SMA laminates are solved, and the axial motion equation of SMA laminates is derived according to Hamilton principle, a non-dimensional differential equation of the transverse vibration of the axially moving SMA laminated plates is obtained by adopting the Galerkin integral method. Considering the volume-fraction stochastic field, the stochastic natural vibration of a SMA laminate is analyzed. Considering the stochastic resonance of the SMA laminate under the action of Gaussian white noise and harmonic excitation, the effects of geometric parameters, physical parameters of materials, and temperature on the stochastic resonance behavior of the SMA laminate is analyzed. Finally, the effect of the stochastic P-bifurcation phenomenon of the parameters on the steady-state response of the SMA laminate is analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dual five-axis machining machine is state-of-the-art equipment designed for producing thin-walled aerospace parts like skins and panels. It comprises two five-axis machine tools with mirrored synchronous motions: one bi-rotary machine for milling and the other machine for follow-up support. The high absolute accuracy of the five-axis machine tools themselves and the high synchronous motion accuracy between the two machines are both crucial to ensure machining accuracy. This paper proposes an efficient method to measure and identify geometric and dynamic errors of dual five-axis machine tools. Using the R-test combined with three measurement trajectories to measure the absolute motion error of two five-axis machine tools and the synchronous motion error between the two machines. The designed trajectories include the main rotary axis linkage conditions and can fully reflect the primary motion forms of the dual five-axis machine tool. The main position-independent geometric errors and rotational axis linkage dynamic errors are identified by converting quasi-static and dynamic measurement data from three different trajectories into a unified reference coordinate system. The entire process requires only one instrument installation, effectively avoiding time-consuming repetitive installations and calibration processes while reducing the impact of installation errors on results. The effectiveness of the proposed method for measuring and identifying the geometric and dynamic errors is analyzed combined with Monte Carlo simulation. Experiments were carried out on a dual five-axis mirror milling system (MMS) with a 5000 mm X-stroke. Both simulations and experiments confirmed that the proposed method is efficient in quickly identifying key error sources of the MMS. [Display omitted] • An efficient method to measure and identify geometric and dynamic errors during synchronous motion of the MMS is proposed. • A geometric and dynamic error model is introduced for identifying key errors using error sensitivity theory. • A 3-step measurement strategy that enables rapid separation of linkage errors of the MMS is introduced. • Both simulation and experiment show the proposed method could obtain key error sources of the MMS with high efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, Li 0.42 Zn 0.27 Ti 0.11 Mn 0.1 Fe 2.1 O 4 ferrites were co-fired with Bi 2 O 3 –B 2 O 3 (BB) additive at low sintering temperatures (∼920 °C), and the effects of BB additive on various properties of Li–Zn ferrites were systematically investigated. First of all, the existence of BB additive would not pollute the spinel phases of Li–Zn ferrites, in contrast, it could make the ferrites well-ripened at low temperatures. The micro-morphology results revealed that the introduction of BB additive could significantly promote the grain growth, where the average diameter of grain size increased from 0.81 μm (0.0 wt % BB) to 8.12 μm (0.5 wt % BB), leading to a higher densification degree and density. Owing to the liquid phase formed in the sintering process, magnetic properties of the Li–Zn ferrites were improved with the assistance of BB additive. The saturation flux density (B s) and saturation magnetization could reach a maximum value of 319.3 mT and 74.2 emu/g, respectively. The coercivity (H c) and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) linewidths (ΔH) could reach a minimum value of 176.3 A/m and 243.2 Oe, respectively. Finally, it is noted that the optimal values of these parameters are obtained under the condition of 0.5 wt % BB additive doped, and most magnetic properties would be deteriorated when exceeding the above content. Thus, BB additive is considered as a promising sintering aid for synthesizing Li–Zn ferrites at low temperatures, which will play a vital role in the development of low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The risk of coal mine gas explosion seriously threatens the continuous safe production of coal mines, which in turn affects the national energy security, so it is important to prevent and control the coal mine gas risk. Current risk assessment methods are difficult to fully express the uncertainty in the assessment process, and calculating index weights is easy to deviate from reality. This study introduces Decision-making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) as well as the cloud model, and proposes a new coal mine gas explosion risk assessment model based on cloud integrated similarity and fuzzy DEMATEL. The model fully expresses the uncertainty in the whole risk assessment process and makes the index weights assignment more reasonable. It also combines the calculation of cloud integrated similarity to more accurately determine the risk level based on the advantage that the cloud model can visually display the risk status of the assessment object. An example study was conducted on a mine of a large state-owned coal mine enterprise in Shaanxi Province, China. The results show that the method helps coal mine enterprises to accurately assess gas explosion risks, identify weak links in risk prevention and control, and provide a powerful means for continuous improvement of risk management level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Presents a novel framework combining residual network (ResNet) with bidirectional long short-term memory network (BiLSTM) for enhanced terahertz signal analysis. • Introduces a sophisticated method for automatic defect detection and interface localization in non-metallic materials, surpassing traditional manual analysis in efficiency and accuracy. • Achieves interface positioning accuracy surpassing 80 µm in coating sample thickness, demonstrating superior performance to conventional approaches. • Provides robust validation against X-ray CT results, revealing an error margin of only 1.07% to 5.39% in detecting adhesive layer defects. This manuscript presents a framework that integrates a residual network (ResNet) with a bidirectional long short-term memory network (BiLSTM) for effective feature extraction and interface positioning in terahertz signal analysis. This innovative approach employs spatial and temporal feature extraction modules to process terahertz signals, enabling the automatic detection of interfaces and defects in both coating and bonded structure samples. The experimental results indicate that the interface positioning accuracy of the method aligns with the manual analysis outcomes for coating samples exceeding 80 µm in thickness. Furthermore, it exhibits a high degree of consistency with X-ray CT detection results when detecting defects in the adhesive layer, with an error margin ranging from 1.07 % to 5.39 %. Significantly, we have also conducted preliminary analyses on actual samples, further underscoring the robustness and generalizability of our model. This method offers an efficient automated tool for terahertz signal analysis and holds promise for industrial detection applications. Future research will aim to broaden the range of samples and application scenarios, thereby increasing the technology's practicality in quality control and production line detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • This is the initial time that UV irradiation has been obtained to activate PI on CoFe 2 O 4 materials. • Approximately 100 % OTC degradation was attained within 12 min in the UV/CoFe 2 O 4 /PI system. • The contaminants were oxidized by radical and non-radical mechanisms utilizing UV/CoFe 2 O 4 /PI. • This UV/CoFe 2 O 4 /PI system is resistant to inorganic ions, realistic water conditions and pH variations. There is currently plenty of emphasis on measures to handle the water pollution spurred on by the misuse of antibiotics. Given its exceptional degradation accomplishment, periodate (PI), a steady solid oxidant, has promising future applications in the breakdown of antibiotics. In this research, PI was activated with UV/CoFe 2 O 4 (CFO) for the first time in an attempt to eliminate oxytetracycline (OTC). The UV/CFO/PI system eliminated 30 mg∙L-1 OTC with a removal effectiveness of almost 100 % in 12 min (OTC 30 mg∙L-1, CFO 0.2 g∙L-1, PI 2 mM, pH 5.5). In addition, the ferromagnetism of the CFO assisted to the system's remarkable cycling achievement, with 85.9 % of the OTC still removed after ten cycles. Various organic contaminants, which include reactive blue KN-R (KN-R), ciprofloxacin (CIP), chlortetracycline (CTC), and levofloxacin (LVX), further demonstrated the UV/CFO/PI system to be useful for degrading. The primary active substances for OTC elimination were revealed and recognized through scavenging experiments and EPR analysis as h+, •IO 4 , •IO 3 , 1O 2 , •OH, and •O 2 –. Simultaneously, redox cycles of Fe(III)/Fe(II) and Co(III)/Co(II) were also observed by XPS test to hasten OTC deterioration. It appeared that this system may be a green approach for antibiotic elimination by investigating the degradation route of OTC and the influence it has on the surroundings employing FuKui functions, LC-MS, and toxicological analysis software (T.E.S.T.), respectively. Additionally, we observed that the CFO (2 2 2) crystal surface has the best adsorption impact on PI by computing Eads from DFT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a convenient and fast technique to detect toxic heavy metals such as lead ions (Pb2+). In this study, a silver nanoparticle-decorated hydrogel substrate by a one-pot method is prepared, addressing the instability of traditional sol substrates and the non-tunability of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of solid substrates, which can achieve in-situ detection of Pb2+ in real systems using a portable Raman spectrometer. Meanwhile, the characteristic SERS peaks attributed to the ternary complex of 4-MBA/H 2 PO 4 -/Pb2+ formed by the dihydrogen phosphate, 4-mercaptobenzoic acid, and Pb2+ are used firstly for Pb2+ detection to our knowledge, decreasing the cost of the classical strategy. The method is highly anti-interference, simple, and cost-effective, which exhibits a good linear correlation (y= 21.6x + 2711, R2=0.993) in the range of 3–500 μg/L with a detection limit of 1.6 μg/L that is one order of magnitude lower than that of the EPA regulations. This method is expected to realize the rapid and accurate on-site SERS detection of Pb2+ by the new strategy. [Display omitted] • The substrate PAM/Ag is prepared by one-pot method with three reductants. • H 2 PO 4 - forms a hydrogen bond with 4-MBA which promotes the immobilization of Pb2+. • The substrate can achieve better enhanced effects by flexural characteristic. • PAM/Ag/4-MBA-H 2 PO 4 - can achieve rapid and in-situ SERS detection of Pb2+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A TMDI-controlled primary structure is evaluated under base excitations. • Closed-form tuning formulas of non-grounded TMDI are derived. • Performance of proposed formulas are compared with those in the literature. • Control and dissipation performances are verified under actual ground motions. This research contributes new analytical formulae for H ∞ optimal tuning of non-grounded tuned mass-damper-inerter (TMDI) for minimizing free-end displacement of base-excited cantilevered structures. The derivation relies on the fixed-point theory, making use of single-mode modelling of the cantilevered structure while accommodating arbitrary TMDI placement along the structural height. Optimal TMDI tuning parameters are derived for given dominant mode shape of structure and TMDI inertial properties (i.e., secondary mass and inertance) under two different types of harmonic excitations with frequency-independent displacement and acceleration amplitudes. The applicability of the derived TMDI tuning formulae for response mitigation of lightly damped cantilevered structures under stationary broadband support excitation is established through comparisons with numerically optimal TMDI properties for a wide range of TMDI inertial properties. Moreover, the analytical TMDI tuning formulae derived in this study achieve enhanced structural performance for base-excited structures compared to those from the literature, derived under various modelling assumptions and optimality criteria. Lastly, the potential of the proposed TMDI tuning for structural response mitigation is numerically evaluated by examining displacement, acceleration, and energy dissipation response history data of an experimentally identified reinforced concrete bridge pier model subjected to 100 earthquake ground motion (GM) records. Overall, reported results demonstrate that the derived analytical formulae can significantly extend the practical application of TMDI as a bona fide dynamic vibration absorber for base-excited structures by circumventing the need for computationally demanding numerical TMDI tuning optimization. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environmental behavior of arsenic (As) has garnered significant attention due to its hazardous nature. The fate of As often couples with sulfide, thus co-detecting arsenic and sulfide on-site is crucial for comprehending their geochemical interactions. While electrochemical methods are suitable for on-site chemical analysis, there currently exists no electrode capable of simultaneously detecting both arsenic and sulfide. To address this, we developed a dual-metal electrode consisting of iron oxide-encased carbon cloth loaded with gold nanoparticles (Au/FeO x /CC) using the electrochemical deposition method. This electrode enables square wave stripping voltammetry (SWASV) binary detection of As and sulfide. Comparison experiments reveal that the reaction sites for sulfide primarily reside on FeO x , while the interface synergy of iron oxide and gold nanoparticles enhances the response to arsenite (AsIII). Arsenate (AsV) is directly reduced to As0 on Fe0, obviating the need for an external reducing agent. The electrode achieves detection limits of 1.5 μg/L for AsV, 0.25 μg/L for AsIII, and 11.6 μg/L for sulfide at mild conditions (pH 7.8). Field validation was conducted in the Tengchong geothermal hot spring region, where the electrochemical method exhibited good correlation with the standard methods: Total As (r = 0.978 vs. ICP-MS), AsIII (r = 0.895 vs. HPLC-ICP-MS), and sulfide (r = 0.983 vs. colorimetric method). Principal component analysis and correlation analysis suggest that thioarsenic, could potentially be positive interferents for AsIII. However, this interference can be anticipated and mitigated by monitoring the abundance of sulfide. The study provides new insights and problems for the electrochemical detection of coexisted As and sulfide. [Display omitted] • Dual-metal electrode for simultaneous detection of As and sulfide under mild conditions. • Iron oxide and Au NPs synergistically enhanced response to arsenite. • Iron oxide catalyzed sulfide oxidation and reduced interference on arsenite. • Error analysis based on PCA and real waters parameters was performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a numerical study of the influence of burden profile on gas-solid distribution in a COREX shaft furnace through CFD-DEM model. The model takes into account the transient features of gas and particle flow under evaluation of five burden profiles, and the results show that the burden profile has a minor effect on the burden descending velocity. Caused by the segregation, the overall maximum and minimum porosities in the packed bed are observed in the case of 'V' shape and 'Flap' shape profile, respectively. The mean square deviation of gas velocity in furnace under 'W' shape profile is relatively small. Further considering the uniform descending behavior of solid in furnace, the 'W' shaped burden profile should be practiced in actual production to achieve the uniform of gas-solid flow. The lowest pressure drop can be found in the case of 'V' shape burden profile. When considering the pressure drop in practical production, the 'V' shape burden profile should be given priority in practice. [Display omitted] • A CFD-DEM study of gas-solid distribution in counter-current ironmaking reactor is presented. • Influence of burden profile on particle segregation is quantitatively investigated. • 'W' shaped burden profile can be practiced in actual production to achieve the uniform gas flow. • Considering the pressure drop in practical production, the 'V' shape burden profile is given priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A mesh stiffness model of spur gear pairs with tooth profile errors is established based on slice theory with slice coupling. • The slice coupling is equivalent to a spring and the corresponding stiffness model is presented. • A deformation transfer coefficient is derived between the springs in contact state and non-contact state. • The solving procedure of the mesh stiffness model is studied, in which an iterative computation method is designed. The misalignment and lead crown relief make the tooth partial contact along the tooth width direction, which greatly affects the mesh characteristics. In this paper, a mesh stiffness model of spur gear pairs with misalignment and lead crown relief is proposed based on the slice theory, in which the slice coupling effect is presented. The slice coupling is simulated as a spring and the corresponding model is developed. Then, the solving procedure of the mesh stiffness model is studied. The deformation transfer model is derived between the springs in contact state and non-contact state. An iterative computation method is designed to calculate the mesh deformation of tooth pairs. Finally, the mesh stiffness model is validated by the finite element method for a spur gear pair with ideal tooth profile, misalignment and lead crown relief. Effects of the misalignment and lead crown relief on mesh stiffness of gear pairs are also studied. The results reveal that the proposed model is accurate, effective and efficient for spur gear pairs with ideal tooth profile, misalignment and lead crown relief. It is suggested that the slice coupling should be considered in mesh stiffness calculation of gear pairs with misalignment and lead crown relief. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To detect the antioxidant capacity in living organisms, an antioxidation-responsive SERS-active microneedle was fabricated by adsorbing resazurin on miniature SERS substrates, SERS-active microneedles. The SERS intensity ratio of characterized peaks of resazurin and its product, resorufin, was adopted and verified as an indicator of antioxidant capacity. The feasibility of detection of the antioxidant capacity in living organisms was proved by using the fabricated SERS-active microneedles to detect the antioxidant capacity of lipopolysaccharide-induce inflammatory animal models. The fabricated SERS-active microneedles can be inserted into target soft tissues with minimal invasion to detect their antioxidant capacity. The fabricated SERS-active microneedles would be a novel tool to bring the detection of antioxidant capacity from samplings ex vivo and cells to complex tissues to promote the researches on redox biology in living organisms. The antioxidation-responsive SERS-active microneedles can be inserted into soft tissues of living organisms to respond the local antioxidant capacity. The adsorbed resazurin would be partly reduced to resorufin in the tissues according to the antioxidant capacity. [Display omitted] • An antioxidation-responsive SERS-active microneedle was fabricated to evaluate antioxidation capacity in living organisms. • The evolution of antioxidation capacity of inflammatory animals was detected. • The intensity ratio of the SERS intensities of characterized peaks is adopted to indicate the antioxidation capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are novel crystalline porous materials assembled from metal ions and organic ligands. The adaptability of their design and the fine-tuning of the pore structures make them stand out in porous materials. Furthermore, by integrating MOF guest functional materials with other hosts, the novel composites have synergistic benefits in numerous fields such as batteries, supercapacitors, catalysis, gas storage and separation, sensors, and drug delivery. This article starts by examining the structural relationship between the host and guest materials, providing a comprehensive overview of the research advancements in various types of MOF-functionalized composites reported to date. The review focuses specifically on four types of spatial structures, including MOFs being (1) embedded in nanopores, (2) immobilized on surface, (3) coated as shells and (4) assembled into hybrids. In addition, specific design ideas for these four MOF-based composites are presented. Some of them involve in situ synthesis method, solvothermal method, etc. The specific properties and applications of these materials are also mentioned. Finally, a brief summary of the advantages of these four types of MOF composites is given. Hopefully, this article will help researchers in the design of MOF composite structures. This paper reviews the significant progress of MOF-functionalized composites in the fields of adsorption, biology, and catalysis from the perspective of host-guest composite structure relationships. The key qualitative properties and preparation schemes of four types of composite structures are elucidated, and the potential structure-property-application relationships are highlighted. [Display omitted] • Starting from the spatial structure of the host and guest materials. • Reviewing four spatial structures of MOF-functional composites. • Summarizing specific design routes and advantages for each structure. • Synergistic effects of MOF-functional composites. • Analyzing the relationship between structure-performance-application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A lightweight 3D CNN for MPM is proposed, which adopts the inception structure of GoogleNet and combines the idea of end-to-end learning. • The 3D geophysical and geological models are used to facilitate the ore-controlling representation. • The predicted results between the WofE and our proposed 3D CNN method for MPM are compared. With the continuous exploitation of surface and shallow mineral resources, the global demand for concealed ore deposit exploration is increasing. However, concealed mineral prospectivity modeling (MPM) requires significant efforts, particularly in terms of methods and technologies for three-dimensional modeling. In this study, we propose a lightweight three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3D CNN) for MPM, which adopts the inception structure of GoogleNet and combines the idea of end-to-end learning. We replace the fully connected layer in the conventional CNN with deconvolution, which can greatly reduce the required parameters during the training process and accelerate the convergence. The proposed method overcomes the disadvantage that other shallow machine learning methods cannot extract spatial neighborhood information, while it can extract cross-correlations among geological factors and generates less parameters by a lightweight network when facing massive data. Additionally, compared with the patch-wise method commonly used in previous studies, we use the pixel-wise method for end-to-end learning, which not only overcomes the drawbacks of random sampling but also considers the influence of each voxel when calculating the loss function. The three-dimensional multi-source geoscientific characteristics obtained from the geophysical inversion and 3D geological models are not discretized in order to promote effective CNN training while facilitating the ore-controlling representation. Comparing the predicted results between the 3D weight of evidence (WofE) and our proposed 3D CNN method for MPM, our proposed method and WofE delineated 100% of the known mineralization in high-favorability areas with voxel numbers of 70% and 95%, respectively. A case study of a structure-controlled hydrothermal gold deposit in the Sanhetun area of Heilongjiang Province demonstrates that the proposed 3D CNN method performs better than WofE in terms of prediction effectiveness and efficiency and effectively reveals the correlation between mineralization and adjacent ore-controlling characteristics. Moreover, the proposed 3D CNN method can simulate non-linear metallogenic processes and mine hidden relationships to reveal complex ore-controlling characteristics. In conclusion, the proposed 3D CNN method can reduce the exploration effort in 3D MPM, thus greatly improving the efficiency of discovering concealed ore deposits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Propose a novel inverse multilateration based on tracking interferometer measurement for a five-axis machine tool. • Established a new error model to investigate the error propagation between rotary axes and the tracking interferometer. • Identify and calibrate the major error sources in advance to improve the accuracy and efficiency of measurement. • Propose an optimization for the number and distribution of measured points. • Both simulation and experiment show the proposed method could highly improve measurement accuracy and efficiency. This paper proposes a novel inverse multilateration that improves the accuracy by sensitivity analysis and calibration of rotary axes' position-independent geometric errors. In recent years, the tracking interferometer measurement with inverse multilateration has been widely adopted in the assessment and compensation of the five-axis machine tool. It uses the bi-rotary head as the steering mechanism to reduce cost, which also introduces errors from rotary axes. In this paper, a sensitivity analysis for position-independent geometric errors of rotary axes is proposed to reveal the error propagation mechanism and identify the main error sources. An optimization for the number and distribution of measured points is investigated based on the result of sensitivity analysis. Monte Carlo simulations and experiments are carried out on a bi-rotary head five-axis machine tool to verify the proposed method. The results show that the accuracy and efficiency of inverse multilateration measurement have been significantly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, deep learning has been extensively applied to bearing fault diagnosis with remarkable achievements. However, in real industrial scenarios, the primary challenge in developing an effective intelligent diagnosis model is the scarcity of fault samples required for training due to shutting down operations during failure behavior. Simulation data-driven and data augmentation-based small sample diagnosis methods have their own limitations, including insufficient diagnostic performance and low data quality. In view of these, a novel mechanism-data fusion diagnosis scheme with bearing dynamic model and multi-agent diverse generative adversarial network (MAD-GAN) is proposed in this study. Specifically, the bearing dynamic model addresses the scarcity of failure samples by simulating vibration signals across various operating conditions. Besides, A simulation-real transformation model based on MAD-GAN is developed to achieve the conversion between simulated domain and real domain, which shares the diagnostic knowledge between two domains. Finally, the domain adversarial based comprehensive generalization network is improved by maximum mean discrepancy and metric learning to further generalize diagnosis knowledge from simulation domain to real domain. Two bearing experimental datasets are applicated and case studies are conducted under small sample, validating the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. Experimental results show the potential application of this method in real industrial scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep learning technology has been gradually applied to solve a variety of fault diagnosis problems because of its outstanding feature learning and nonlinear classification abilities. However, few deep learning network models can be applied to both variable speed conditions and unbalanced samples scenarios in fault diagnosis, especially in extreme cases where fault samples are missing. And most of the fault diagnosis models do not have the ability to update automatically as the collected fault data increases. To deal with the above problems, a deep learning model named renewable fusion fault diagnosis network (RFFDN) is proposed. The network has three main parts: improved feature classification network; second order statistics fusion network and unbalanced feature comparison network. Moreover, these three networks are simultaneously organized on a two-branch convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture with fused data input, so as to facilitate the network to learn the depth nonlinear domain invariant features. Finally, the RFFDN model and other mainstream fault diagnosis models are tested on two different datasets. The results show that the RFFDN model not simply achieves high diagnostic accuracy in diagnosis results, but also extracts the domain invariant features at variable speed conditions under unbalanced samples, and accurately classifies the new faults. These prove that the model can not only be applied to a variety of operating modes, but can be updated as more data are collected as well, which is of great significance to the field of fault diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A nonsense mutation BRCA1 p.Trp372X was first identified in a pedigree. • BRCA1 p.Trp372X promotes BRCA wild-type TNBC cancer progression. • BRCA1 p.Trp372X sensitizes BRCA wild-type TNBC cells to DNA damage agents through impairing homologous recombination of BRCA1. Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in female worldwide. Compared with general population, patients with mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes confer approximately 10-fold increased risk of breast cancer. In this study, we conducted whole-exome sequencing to identify the disease-associated genes in a specific pedigree, in which at least eight individuals were diagnosed with cancers, including breast cancer, urothelial cancer, uterine cancer and colorectal cancer. Furthermore, a nonsense mutation BRCA1 p.Trp372X was identified in the proband. The Sanger sequencing data has validated the same nonsense mutation in other 4 cancer patients and 3 normal family members. Additionally, functional experiments detected that this mutation was implicated in TNBC progression, manifesting as increased cell proliferation and migration. Cells with this mutation displayed impaired recruitment of RAD51 foci and unrepaired DNA damage, potentiating drug sensitivity to PARP inhibitor and cisplatin, both in the settings of combination use or monotherapy. On the basis of its occurrence in hereditary breast cancer and its identification in pedigree, as well as its function as a disruption of BRCA1, this mutation is critical to breast cancer predisposition and progression. Patients carrying this mutation may benefit from DNA damaging treatment regimens. Conclusively, we firstly reported this nonsense mutation in family pedigree and validated its pathogenicity through in vitro functional experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently years have witnessed the rapid progress of the halide perovskite materials that could be applied to photovoltaics and light-emitting diodes (LED). Due to the structural similarity with respect to the three-dimensional (3D) halide perovskite materials, the molecular state of the halide perovskites has received much attention. In this manuscript, we employ first-principles calculations to systematically investigate the possible routes to design cesium-based molecular halide perovskite material Cs 4 MX 6 via substituting the halide and metal atoms. The substitution method is found to be effective to modulate the electronic and optical properties of the molecular halide perovskites. In particular, the halide mixing is beneficial to improve the optical properties of the Cs 4 PbX 6 molecules. We propose that the molecular halide perovskite Cs 4 MX 6 could be used as organic dye substitutes in various applications. This study is important for the fundamental understanding of the molecular halide perovskite materials and facilitates the design of Cs 4 MX 6 as alternative molecular dyes to be selected for optoelectronic applications. Image 1 • Cs 4 MX 6 molecules are compositionally engineered for light harvesting purpose. • Halogen substitution leads to red-shift in UV–vis with the ranking: I > Br > Cl. • Mixing different halide atoms into Cs 4 PbX 6 is more effective on light harvesting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A global–local design method based on the average absorption/transmission condition (AATC) is proposed. • The equivalent circuit model (ECM) is employed to derive the AATC. • A new structure of the honeycomb-core sandwich rasorber is designed and analyzed. Multi-function composite structures with unique electromagnetic and mechanical performance have attracted increasing interest in the design of airborne radomes. In this study, a novel global–local design method embedded with average absorption/transmission conditions (AATC) is proposed on the basis of the equivalent circuit model (ECM) to investigate the wideband absorption/transmission characteristics of a honeycomb-core sandwich rasorber (HSR) with a dual-polarized resistive sheet and second-order bandpass frequency-selective surfaces (FSS). The structure of the HSR is optimized by adopting the global–local design method combined with the finite element model (FEM). The calculation and simulation results show that the optimized HSR can realize a wide absorption band (3.9–17.9 GHz) and a wide transmission band (9.1–10.9 GHz) simultaneously. Moreover, the absorption/transmission performance of the HSR is independent of the polarizations and incident angles. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by the excellent electromagnetic performance of the optimized HSR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel lever-arm TMDI is proposed for vibration control of long-span bridges. • The influences of design parameters are systematically investigated. • Empirical design formulas are proposed. • Control performance is validated in both frequency and time domains. In this study, the lever mechanism is incorporated with the tuned mass damper inerter (TMDI) to further promote the practical application of TMDI in long-span bridges. Four potential configurations of the lever-arm tuned mass damper inerter (LTMDI) are first established, and the corresponding governing equations are derived. Then, the optimum configuration of LTMDI is identified by minimizing the peak of non-dimensional displacement frequency response function (FRF). Subsequently, the influences design parameters, such as mass ratio, inertance ratio, lever mass ratio, and spanning distance of the inerter are investigated. Based on the results, empirical design formulas of design parameters are proposed and verified. Finally, a cable-stayed bridge is adopted as a numerical case to further illustrate the performance of LTMDI in terms of response reduction and robustness. The results show that the involving of the lever into TMDI is an effective mechanism for implementing the inerter's spanning in long-span bridges. With this mechanism, it is practically feasible to achieve a high effectiveness, low space requirement and more robustness control device for long-span bridges. The developed design formulas have a high accuracy, which can provide reliable support for the design of the LTMDI in engineering applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on improving the flexibility of probabilistic model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) in unmanned surface vehicles (USV) against complicated ocean disturbances. Filtered probabilistic model predictive control using hierarchical Gaussian distribution (FPMPC-HG) is proposed to provide a more flexible representation of environmental uncertainties and better control capability against real-time disturbances by integrating hierarchical Gaussian distribution into existing approaches specific to USVs. The proposed approach was evaluated through position-keeping and targets-tracking tasks in a real boat data-driven simulation. The experimental results demonstrated significant improvement in control performance, generalization capability, and task completion compared to the baseline approaches without employing hierarchical Gaussian distribution. The improved expressivity and flexibility of the probabilistic model and the corresponding policy of USVs against unknown ocean disturbances indicate the potential of hierarchical Gaussian distribution in probabilistic MBRL as a growing trend in the USV domain. • Model-based reinforcement learning USV combining Gaussian processes and MPC controller. • General and Data-driven USV probabilistic models independent to human prior knowledge. • Expressive uncertainty prediction and propagation of USV probabilistic mode using Hierarchical Gaussian distribution. • Flexible MPC controller resistance to uncertain disturbances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tetracycline (TC) was photocatalytically degraded using a series of NiAl LDH/Ag 6 Si 2 O 7 (LAS) catalysts that were manufactured by dotting Ag 6 Si 2 O 7 (ASO) particles on the surface of NiAl LDH 3D nanospheres. In terms of TC degradation, LAS had the superior photocatalytic performance, and its clearance of TC was 2.85 times and 1.91 times greater than that of pure NiAl LDH and Ag 6 Si 2 O 7 , respectively. The separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs has been enhanced since the LAS hybrid photocatalyst has more positive sites. Additionally, it was established through the analysis of the photocatalytic mechanism that the principal active participants in the reaction were •O 2 - and h+. In order to recover the degradation-stage intermediates, two additional TC degradation techniques were supported by LC-MS and 3D EEM assays. Additionally, the LAS photocatalytic substance has outstanding photocatalytic productivity and stability. This study has offered a fresh perspective on how to construct S-scheme heterojunctions, providing a perfect orientation for the application of photocatalytic degradation of contaminants. [Display omitted] • A novel NiAl LDH/Ag 6 Si 2 O 7 S-scheme heterojunction was first constructed for the degradation of tetracycline. • The composite catalyst has excellent stability and reusability. • The reaction mechanism and pathway for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline were demonstrated. • NiAl LDH/Ag 6 Si 2 O 7 was beneficial to activate O 2 into·O 2 –. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of transition elements Fe, Co, and Ni on the electronic structure and thermoelectric properties of β-Zn 4 Sb 3 were investigated by performing self-consistent ab initio electronic structure calculations within density functional theory and solving the Boltzmann transport equations within the relaxation time approximation. The results demonstrate that these transition elements with 3 d orbitals could introduce giant sharp resonant peaks in the electronic density of states (DOS) near the host valence band maximum or conduction band minimum in energy. And these deliberately engineered DOS peaks result in a sharp increase of the room-temperature Seebeck coefficient of β-Zn 4 Sb 3 by a factor of nearly 60, 80 and 130, respectively. Additionally, with the simultaneous decline of carrier thermal conductivity upon Co/Ni doping, potentially, at least, 1.21/1.13-fold increase in thermoelectric figure of merit of β-Zn 4 Sb 3 at room temperature are achieved, indicating that the substitution of Co and Ni for Zn can effectively elevate thermoelectric performance of β-Zn 4 Sb 3. • Investigated Fe/Co/Ni's doping effects on β-Zn 4 Sb 3. • Found giant sharp resonant peaks in the electronic density of states (DOS). • Found a boost in the Seebeck coefficient of β-Zn 4 Sb 3 at 300 K. • Achieved great increase in thermoelectric figure of merit of β-Zn 4 Sb 3 at 300 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Adopted a novel TMDI system to control the undesirable VIV of long-span bridges. • Proposed an optimization method for the TMDI-VIV system. • Validated the efficiency of TMDI prior to TMD in VIV control of long-span bridges. Abstract The undesirable vortex-induced vibration (VIV) may seriously influence the fatigue life and serviceability of bridge structures. It is important to take countermeasures to suppress the adverse VIV of long-span bridges. In the present study, a novel inerter-based system, namely the tuned mass damper inerter (TMDI), is proposed to control the VIV of the main deck of long-span bridges. In this system, an inerter device, which is able to transform the linear motion into the high-speed rotational motion and thus significantly amplifies the physical mass of the system, is incorporated into the conventional tuned mass damper (TMD) system to further improve the performance of TMD. An applicable layout of the TMDI inside the bridge deck is introduced and the governing equations of the structure-TMDI system subjected to VIV are established. The optimization of the TMDI parameters with the consideration of nonlinear aeroelastic effect is derived. The control performance and robustness of the proposed system are investigated through an analytical case study in both the time and frequency domains. It is observed that the TMDI system can obviously reduce the VIV responses of the bridge deck. Moreover, compared to the conventional TMD system, the static stretching of the spring due to gravity and the oscillation amplitude of the mass block in the TMDI system are significantly reduced. These properties make the proposed TMDI system an attractive alternative for the VIV control of long-span bridges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Programmable artificial nucleases have transitioned over the past decade from ZFNs and TALENs to CRISPR/Cas systems, which have been ubiquitously used with great success to modify genomes. The efficiencies of knockout and knockin vary widely among distinct cell types and genomic loci and depend on the nuclease delivery and cleavage efficiencies. Moreover, genetically modified cells are almost phenotypically indistinguishable from normal counterparts, making screening and isolating positive cells rather challenging and time-consuming. To address this issue, we review several strategies for the enrichment and selection of genetically modified cells, including transfection-positive selection, nuclease-positive selection, genome-targeted positive selection, and knockin-positive selection, to provide a reference for future genome research and gene therapy studies. Highlights Plasmid encoded marker genes can be used for the enrichment of genetically modified cells by selecting transfection-positive cells, and surrogate reporters can be used for the enrichment of genetically modified cells by selecting nuclease-active cells. Endogenous marker genes not only indicate genetically modified cells directly but also can be used as a cotargeting strategy to enrich cells with targeted modifications at other unlinked loci of interest. Resection and annealing methods can enable efficient error-free targeted insertions, even in nondividing cells such as neurons. Although knockin selection markers are ideal for selecting precise integration-positive cells, further excision of the selection marker cassette is required. Alternative and more efficient strategies for enrichment and selection of genetically modified cells should be explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Although studies have explored the gender categorization effect in both face-to-face and mediated communication environments in relation to the use of gender-linked language, whether the effect still holds in the context of human-machine communication (HMC) remains unknown. To examine this question, in this study, we asked 245 participants to assign gender categories to targets after viewing transcripts of the targets' conversations with a chatbot and a human interlocutor. The results showed that the participants had a better-than-chance probability (68.98%) of correctly guessing the gender of the target based on the target-human conversation transcripts. However, the predictive power of the language cues decreased sharply to a less-than-chance level (42.86%) based on target-chatbot conversation transcripts. We also examined the roles that social media use and demographics played in the gender categorization processes in both computer-mediated communication and HMC contexts. Although far from conclusive, our results suggested that there were significant differences between the styles of conversation in the target-chatbot and target-human interlocutor transcripts. These findings imply that people use different approaches when communicating with human and non-human interlocutors. Highlights • This study examines the communication approach when conversing with a digital interlocutor. • Subjects were asked to assign gender category to targets based on conversation transcripts. • Subjects had 68.98% of chance to correctly assign gender based on the target-human talks. • Subjects had 42.86% of chance to correctly assign gender based on the target-AI talks. • There were significant differences between conversation approaches with human and with AI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gas dynamics under external force field is essentially associated with multiple scale nature due to the large variations of density and local Knudsen number. Single scale governing equations, such as the Boltzmann and Navier-Stokes equations, are valid in their respective modeling scales. Without identifying a physical scale between the above two limits for the modeling of the flow motion, it is challenging to develop a multiple scale method to capture non-equilibrium flow physics seamlessly across all regimes. Based on the modeling scale of cell size and implementing conservation laws directly in a discretized space, a well-balanced unified gas-kinetic scheme (UGKS) for multiscale gaseous flow has been constructed and used in the study of non-equilibrium flow and heat transport under external force field. In this paper, static heat conduction problems under external force field in different flow regimes are quantitatively investigated. In the lid-driven cavity case, the stratified flow is observed under external force field. With the increment of external force, the flow topological structure changes dramatically, and the temperature gradient, shearing stress, and external force play different roles in the determination of the total heat flux in different layers corresponding to different flow regimes. As a typical non-Fourier’s heat conduction phenomena in the transition regime, the external force enhances the heat flux significantly along the forcing direction, with the relationship q → force ∝ ϕ → , where q → force is the force-induced heat flux and ϕ → is the external force acceleration. This relationship is valid in all flow regimes with non-vanishing viscosity coefficient or the limited length of particle mean free path. Both theoretical analysis and numerical experiments are used to show the important role of external force on non-equilibrium heat transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract State of charge estimation is one of the most critical factors to solve the key issues of monitoring and safety concerns of an electric vehicle power battery. In this paper, a state of charge estimation approach using subtractive clustering based neuro-fuzzy system is presented and evaluated by the simulation experiments using advanced vehicle simulator in comparison with back propagation neural network and Elman neural networks. Input parameters to model the state of charge estimation approach using subtractive clustering based neuro-fuzzy system are current, temperature, actual power loss, available and requested power, cooling air temperature and battery thermal factor. Data collected from 10 different drive cycles are utilized for the training and testing stages of the state of charge estimation model. Experimental results illustrated that the proposed model exhibits sufficient accuracy and outperforms both neural network and Elman neural network based models. Thus, the proposed model under different drive cycles show remarkable advancement in state of charge estimation with high potential to overcome the drawbacks in traditional methods and therefore provides an alternative approach in state of charge estimation. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is also performed to determine the importance of each input parameter on output i.e. state of charge. Highlights • An SC-ANFIS model to estimate the battery state of charge is developed. • The proposed model exhibits sufficient accuracy and outperforms other advanced models. • The model requires a simple training procedure and is evaluated using 10 diversified unseen driving cycles. • Different statistical metrics are adopted for the model state of charge estimation performance evaluation. • Sensitivity analysis is performed to determine the influence and importance of input variables on battery state of charge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • A new integrated surface unit-cell model at the mesoscopic scale is proposed for 3D four-directional braided composites. • A novel macro-meso finite element modeling strategy for predicting the elastic properties is presented by the periodic boundary conditions. • The key finite element modeling procedures based on the solid unit-cell models are given in detail. Abstract Finite element method based on the mesoscopic scale periodic unit-cell models was often employed to analyze the mechanical properties of 3D braided composites with obvious shell-core structural feature. To obtain the accurate predicted results, the contribution of the interior and surface unit-cell models to the overall mechanical properties should be considered for the finite element modeling. However, how to apply reasonable boundary conditions to the surface unit-cell model is still an interesting issue worth studying, which has great effect on the prediction precision of surface unit-cell model. Meanwhile, it is valuable to develop a novel macro-meso finite element modeling approach combined with the shell-core structural feature of 3D braided composites, which can contribute to improving the prediction precision and saving the computational costs. In this paper, a new integrated surface unit-cell model with the true yarn microstructure at the mesoscopic scale is proposed for 3D four-directional braided composites firstly. Secondly, a novel macro‑meso scale finite element modeling strategy for predicting the elastic properties and the micromechanical responses is presented. Thirdly, the key modeling procedures based on the solid unit-cell models are given. Finally, comparison of the calculated results with the available experimental data validates the effectiveness of the macro‑meso finite element model. The effects of the braiding angle and the fiber volume fraction of specimens on the elastic properties are discussed in detail. Discussion results indicate that the present macro‑meso finite element modeling strategy can be utilized to efficiently predict the mechanical performances of 3D braided composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L-shaped plates are extensively utilized in practical engineering and plates are uniformly coupled in most previous studies. However, spot welding, riveting or bolting is also employed to link two plates and these connection types lead to non-uniform coupling conditions. In this regard, an analytic model is developed for vibration analysis of L-shaped plates with non-uniform coupling conditions. The system is decomposed into two independent rectangular plates, and both bending and in-plane vibrations are analyzed via the classic plate theory and superposition method. The artificial spring technique is adopted to deal with non-uniform continuity conditions and arbitrary uniform boundary conditions, and these conditions are assembled into the governing equation. Comparisons of natural frequencies of L-shaped plates with different boundary and coupling conditions are firstly made, and high accuracy and wide application of the developed model are demonstrated. Furthermore, influences of boundary conditions, coupling conditions, coupling angle and length of plates are investigated. Results reveal that out-of-plane and in-plane displacements are coupled in every plate of L-shaped plate systems. Uniform distribution of coupling nodes can efficiently increase natural frequencies and a few coupling nodes play the role of uniform rigid coupling conditions. Natural frequencies of L-shaped plates at a right angle are the maximum or very close to maximum one. Besides, present results can be used as benchmarks for future researchers. • A novel analytic model for vibrations of non-uniformly coupled L-shaped plates. • Arbitrary boundary and coupling conditions are achieved via artificial spring technique. • The developed model is of wide application, rapid convergence and high accuracy. • Uniform distribution of coupling nodes can efficiently increase frequencies. • Frequencies of L-shaped plates at a right angle are the maximum or very close to maximum one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A large-size single crystal of Mn 4 Ta 2 O 9 with ∼3.5 mm in diameter and ∼65 mm in length was successfully grown for the first time by a newly designed one-step method based on the optical floating zone technique. Both the clear Laue spots and sharp XRD Bragg reflections suggest the high quality of the single crystal. In Mn 4 Ta 2 O 9 single crystal, an antiferromagnetic phase transition was observed below Néel temperature 102 K along c axis, which is similar to the isostructural compound Mn 4 Nb 2 O 9 , but differs from the isostructural Co 4 Nb 2 O 9 . Relative dielectric constant at 30 kOe suggests that no magnetoelectric coupling exists in Mn 4 Ta 2 O 9 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of CFETR integration design platform is in progress to accelerate the CFETR design in consideration of both core physics and engineering practicability. Within the engineering framework of CFETR integration design platform, the neutronics interface module has been implemented. This work presents the parameter study on helium cooled ceramic breeder blanket neutronics with the neutronics interface module of the CFETR integration design platform. The parameterized 3-D neutronic model of CFETR was set in the first place. Afterwards, the workflow of neutronic analyses was established. The concerned geometry and composition parameters of breeder blanket were selected as input and the tritium breeding ratio was selected as target. And, then, the workflow was abstracted as the mathematical model in the form of the so called response surface based on sufficient MCNP simulations. With the workflow or response surface model, the estimation and optimization of target parameter could be achieved. Finally, a set of local optimal parameters was proposed for CFETR helium cooled ceramic breeder blanket. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Past works on the human-computer relationship has investigated a) how computers can mediate the communication between people and b) how computer users perceive computers as social entities. However, little research has investigated how the two fields of research inform, challenge, and integrate with each other. By combining the Computers are Social Actors paradigm and the Social Identity Model of Deindividuation Effects, the present work provides an entry point into the conversation between these two fields. Specifically, this study examines how individuals may form group relations with computer agents. An experiment using a between-subject factorial design was conducted to explore the relationship between the two theoretical frameworks. The findings suggested that sharing the same color cues with multiple computer agents would lead to users' group identification with computer agents. Group identification with computer agents would further influence group conformity, conformity intention, group attraction, and group trustworthiness. However, the degree of compliance with and trust in computer agents was contingent on how much users felt as if these agents had been real humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Volterra theory-based reduced-order modeling (ROM) technique is utilized for simulating fluid-structure interactions of bridge decks during vortex-induced vibration (VIV). To improve the order of nonlinearity adopted in the Volterra series, sparse form kernels are adopted in this study. To illustrate and validate the performance of ROM in simulating fluid-structure interactions of VIV, a real bridge deck is used as a case study. The kernels in the Volterra series are identified using least squares with input–output pairs obtained from a CFD approach. Results indicate that ROM can well reproduce the inherent nature of nonlinearities existing in fluid-structure interactions described by the CFD approach. A method for calculating the VIV of bridges by combining ROM with the structural finite element model is also proposed. The VIV performance of a real bridge is obtained through the proposed method and is compared with field measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apigenin is a natural flavonoid which is widely found in vegetables and fruits. However, the mechanism of apigenin in oxidative stress-induced myocardial injury has not been fully elucidated. We established an isoproterenol (Iso)-induced myocardial injury mouse model and a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced H9c2 cell injury model, followed by pretreatment with apigenin to explore its protective effects. Apigenin can significantly alleviate isoproterenol-induced oxidative stress, cell apoptosis and myocardial remodeling in vivo. Apigenin pretreatment can also significantly improve cardiomyocyte morphology, decrease H/R induced oxidative stress, and attenuate cell apoptosis and inflammation in vitro. Further mechanism study revealed that apigenin treatment reversed isoprenaline and H/R-induced decrease of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1). Molecular docking results proved that apigenin can form hydrogen bond with 230 Glu, a key site of SIRT1 activation, indicating that apigenin is an agonist of SIRT1. Moreover, SIRT1 knockdown by siRNA significantly reversed the protective effect of apigenin in H/R-induced myocardial injury. In conclusion, apigenin protects cardiomyocyte function from oxidative stress-induced myocardial injury by modulating SIRT1 signaling pathway, which provides a new potential therapeutic natural compound for the clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A biomimetic gripper for rock climbing with strong adhesion is developed. • The layout of the spines is proposed by simulations on random rough surfaces. • A cable-driven four-bar finger is used to resolve the detachment issue. • A novel drivetrain makes the griper achieve excellent load-sharing and adhesion. • The first rock climbing robot using linearly-constrained spine tiles is developed. Rock climbing robots have wide application prospects in field operations and planetary exploration. Herein, a spiny gripper inspired by the beetle (Coleoptera) claw is developed, which can accomplish easy attachment, detachment and good compliance on irregular rough surfaces without complex controls. The attachment probabilities of various microspine layouts are simulated to determine the optimal design parameters for the spine tile. By referencing the structure and attachment process of the beetle claw, a spiny gripper with four bioinspired branches is designed to enable adaptive attachment and smooth detachment. The gripper employs a novel drivetrain hybridized with passive torsion springs and active tendons driven by an ingenious winch to achieve light weight, load-sharing, self-adaptation, and strong adhesion on irregular rough surfaces. The grasp sequence, grasp wrench and gripper maximum adhesion are all investigated. Tests on various surfaces verify its excellent performance. With a weight of 0.352 kg, its normal adhesion and tangential adhesion are 39.7 N and 47.5 N, respectively. In addition, the gripper is integrated into the climbing robot RockClimbo to allow it to move on extreme terrain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As human-machine communication has yet to become prevalent, the rules of interactions between human and intelligent machines need to be explored. This study aims to investigate a specific question: During human users' initial interactions with artificial intelligence, would they reveal their personality traits and communicative attributes differently from human-human interactions? A sample of 245 participants was recruited to view six targets' twelve conversation transcripts on a social media platform: Half with a chatbot Microsoft's Little Ice, and half with human friends. The findings suggested that when the targets interacted with Little Ice, they demonstrated different personality traits and communication attributes from interacting with humans. Specifically, users tended to be more open, more agreeable, more extroverted, more conscientious and self-disclosing when interacting with humans than with AI. The findings not only echo Mischel's cognitive-affective processing system model but also complement the Computers Are Social Actors Paradigm. Theoretical implications were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Broad absorption bandwidth photodetectors based on organo-metal halide perovskite absorbers is an attractive means of resolving the narrow absorption of organic semiconductors. Here we report the achievement and characterization of broad spectral photodetectors based on CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3−x Cl x , which has been optimized with four different electrodes and a specially modified highly crystallized active layer. This work use six different lasers which wavelength range from ∼405 nm to ∼808 nm as the illuminations, and shows clearly that the Au electrode devices have ultrahigh photosensitivity ( P = I p h I d a r k = I i l l − I d a r k I d a r k , up to 3.5 × 10 6 at incident light power of 38 mW/cm 2 ) and such low dark current of ∼0.01 nA at −10 V. In addition, we achieved a relatively high photoresponsivity of 11.5 A/W at incident optical power ∼0.8 μW/cm 2 for Ag electrode devices. Furthermore, this work demonstrates that the devices of Al electrode have an unexpected low performance, which has been proved to be caused by serious oxidization through XPS test results, this unpopularity may due to the roughness morphology at the interface and instability of Al chemical property. Our work will provide a strategy to fabricate facile and ultrasensitive broadband photodetectors with perovskite as absorber and several familiar metals as electrodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of chemically cross-linked microgel composite hydrogels (MCH gels) with excellent toughness and stretchability were prepared using core–shell polymer microspheres as cross-linking junctions. In our strategy, MCH gels are obtained by connecting microspheres with polyacrylamide (PAAm) chains chemically grafted onto their surfaces, where an organic cross-linking agent is completely unnecessary. The mechanical behavior of the MCH gels was analyzed, and superresolution fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate their toughening mechanism. The results indicated that the homogeneous network structure resulting from the good compatibility between the core–shell microspheres and matrix was an important reason for the excellent toughness of the MCH gels. In addition to interactions among H bonds in the grafted PAAm chains, reversible deformation of the core–shell microspheres acting as cross-linking junctions, which arises from the flexibility of the microspheres, and the effect of cavitation between the microspheres and matrix could also effectively dissipate energy during deformation of the MCH gels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Normal kinematic joint can be transformed to variable kinematic joint(VKJ), which refers to a kinematic joint that is capable of topological variation in a mechanism, by utilizing effect of friction and self-locking. In this paper a metamorphic mechanism cell which can realize deploying, self-locking, unlocking, retracting and interlocking with other cells, is designed by incorporating VKJs. Self-locking margin is proposed to estimate the self-locking capability. The variable topology configurations of this cell are presented and the mobility of this cell is analyzed. With the new metamorphic cell, a cable-driven telescopic model with 3 tubes is built, and its motion simulations are conducted to verify the design method. The results demonstrate that the impact in transformation is mitigated and multistage orderly deployable/retractable mechanisms can be built by this method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chromotrope FB (Chr FB) is a synthetic azo dye permitted for use in foods and medicines. An acceptable daily intake (ADI) of Chr FB was 0–0.5 mg/kg in China. In this study, we synthesized a Chr FB hapten with an amino group to prepare its artificial immunogen. Polyclonal antibodies obtained from New Zealand rabbits were applied to develop an indirect competitive chemiluminescent immunoassay (icCLIA) to detect Chr FB in foods. A horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-luminol-H 2 O 2 system was used to yield CL signal with p-iodophenol as an enhancement reagent. The method showed good specificity towards Chr FB and could detect as low as 0.02 ng mL −1 Chr FB in buffer, 0.07 ng g −1 in yoghurt candy, 0.07 ng g −1 in vitamin drink and 0.13 ng g −1 in bread. Compared with HPLC method, the proposed method is more sensitive by two orders of magnitude. The accuracy and precision of this method are acceptable and comparable with HPLC method. Therefore, the proposed method could be used for rapid screening of Chr FB in the mentioned foodstuffs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textile dyeing industries need huge quantity of freshwater for textile dyeing, and discharges a huge amount of wastewater, which can inevitably lead to serious water environmental problems. Genetic algorithm (GA) was used in this paper for the optimization of dyeing production schedule, and it aimed to reduce the freshwater consumption by optimization of scheduling based on dyeing color and depth. Then a scheduling system with a database and a MATLAB program coupling with dynamic genetic algorithm was established and developed. The system was implemented in a typical textile dyeing enterprise which rescheduled about 50–70 orders with unexpected orders insert as a case study. The results showed that compared to traditional production scheduling, the optimizing production scheduling could reduce freshwater consumption about 18.4–21%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Micro structures and components are widely used in modern industries, and micro machining has therefore become a popular research topic. As micro tools are essential in micro machining, wire electrochemical micro machining is introduced in the fabrication of micro tools in this paper, and micro square column tool arrays are fabricated using wire cathodes by two steps. In order to improve the machining efficiency and quality, an electrode vibration technique is used, and the effects of bubble behaviour on slit width homogeneity and edge radius are studied through simulations of the electric field. The influences of various machining parameters such as vibration conditions, electrical properties, electrolyte concentration and feedrate on the standard deviation of the slit width and on the value of the edge radius are investigated. In addition, the micro dimple array is fabricated using electrochemical micro machining by employing the micro square column tool array as the cathode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The superhydrophobic surface has functions such as anti-wetting, self-cleaning, and anti-icing, which is widely used in aerospace, pipeline transportation, medical equipment and other fields. In this study, a combination of laser and electrodeposition (ECD) is used to prepare a coating with sponge-like micro-nano line structures by using the principle that laser thermal effect can enhance the local electrodeposition rate, and then treated with 1 H,1 H,2 H,2 H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane to obtain the function of superhydrophobic. This method achieves the simultaneous preparation of the coating and the micro-nano structures without destroying the substrate, and the micro-nano structures are uniform and controllable. The effects of current density, laser scanning line spacing, laser power density, and laser scanning speed on the line structures and the wettability of the coating were investigated experimentally, and the wear resistance and anti-icing properties were tested. The experiment results show that when the line spacing is 150 µm, the contact angle (CA) can reach 155°, and the sliding angle (SA) is less than 1°, which has good superhydrophobic performance. Moreover, the coefficient of friction (COF) of the prepared superhydrophobic coating is 0.606, and the CA gradually decreases to 147° after rubbing the superhydrophobic surface 20 times with 1000 # sandpaper at a pressure of 10 kPa, and the SA exceeds 10° after rubbing 35 times, showing good wear resistance. In addition, the water drop freezing experiment shows that the freezing time of this superhydrophobic coating is 200 s, which is about 13 times longer than that of the hydrophobic coating (CA: 102°) prepared at a line spacing of 300 µm, therefore, the coating has excellent anti-icing performance. [Display omitted] • One-step processing technology of laser enhanced electrodeposition. • Achieving simultaneous growth of coating and micro-nano structures. • The micro-nano structures are loose, porous and spongy. • The coating has good wear resistance and excellent anti-icing resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent decade has witnessed a vigorous prosper of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in solid tumors including breast cancer. Integrating the specificity of monoclonal antibodies and potency of cytotoxic drugs, ADCs are capable of delivering cytotoxic agents directly to tumor cells and surrounding accomplices with heterogeneous antigen expression by exerting the distinctive bystander effect. Up till now, three ADCs (T-DM1, T-DXd and SG) have attained the official approval and stepped into clinical practices in breast cancer, with numerous promising products in the pipeline. As an unprecedented breast cancer subgroup identified following solidified drug benefit, the cognitive and therapeutic paradigm of HER2-low population which was previously thought lacking definite targets and efficacious regimens has been thoroughly rewritten by ADCs, and several encouraging achievements are expected in ongoing trials. Herein, we discuss the contrived knowledge, latest advancements and future perspectives of ADCs in HER2-overexpressing and HER2-low breast cancer. • HER2-low breast cancer is featured by a remarkable clinicopathological heterogeneity. • An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) is integrated by monoclonal antibodies and cytotoxic payloads via chemical linkers. • With three approved and numerous latecomers, ADCs are promising in solving brain metastasis. • ADCs combined with other regimens are anticipated, while drug resistance and interstitial lung disease are noteworthy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of Zn 1− x Ni x O ( x =0, 1%, 3%, 5%) nanoparticles have been synthesized via a low-temperature hydrothermal method. Influence of Ni doping concentration on the structure, morphology, optical properties and magnetism of the samples was investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, UV–vis spectrophotometer and vibrating sample magnetometer instruments. The results show that the undoped and doped ZnO nanoparticles are both hexagonal wurtzite structures. The surface analysis was performed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies. The images of SEM reveal that the structure of pure ZnO and Ni doped samples are nanoparticles which intended to form flakes with thickness of few nanometers, being overlain with each one to develop the network with some pores and voids. Based on the ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy analysis, it indicates that the band gap energy decreases with the increasing concentration of Ni. Furthermore, The Ni doped ZnO samples didn't exhibit higher ultraviolet-light-driven photocatalytic activity compared to the undoped ZnO sample. Vibrating sample magnetometer was used for the magnetic property investigations, and the result indicates that room temperature ferromagnetism property of 3% Ni doped sample is attributed to oxygen vacancy and interaction between doped ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]