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• A MOF@CNF/rGO-Vitrimer composite electrode was fabricated via a simple method. • The as-obtained supercapacitor shows a remarkable cycling stability of 97.42% after 20,000 cycles. • The introduction of Vitrimer endows the supercapacitor with shape-memory functionality. • This work provides new ideas for the customizable design of energy storage devices. With the rapid development of flexible electronic devices towards small, light, and high-performance, people's requirements for electrode materials that affect energy storage devices are also increasing. It is crucial to prepare composite electrode materials with excellent comprehensive performance through reasonable design. This study successfully prepared a novel Ni-metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF) @ cellulose nanofibers (CNF)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) -Vitrimer (MOF@CNF/rGO-V) electrode material through freeze-drying and solvent-thermal methods. In the hybrid, CNF not only prevents the stacking of rGO but also serves as a flexible substrate for loading Ni-MOF, while the porous structure of the CNF aerogel provides numerous channels for electrolyte ions to store and transport. The presence of Ni-MOF loaded on the conductive substrate contributes to a high pseudo-capacitance, ultimately yielding a composite material with a high specific capacitance (189.9 F g −1). Furthermore, when the composite was assembled into a symmetric supercapacitor device, it exhibited an energy density of 35.61 W h kg−1 at a power density of 641.07 W kg−1 and a remarkable cycling stability of up to 96.59% after experiencing 20,000 cycles. In addition, the introduction of Vitrimer successfully prevented electrode material detachment or fracture during use while maintaining excellent electrochemical and mechanical properties, imparting shape-memory functionality. The as-fabricated MOF@CNF/rGO-V composite electrode material holds significant promise and attractiveness in the field of flexible wearable electronics. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a green and sustainable natural resource, wood is regarded as a feasible candidate material for developing green and sustainable energy due to its natural porous structure. However, the conductivity of wood is poor, which restricts its application in energy storage. In this research, a novel material with Li–Na metal compounds inserted into porous carbonized lignin free wood (PCLFW) as a bifunctional hybrid is synthesized. This material with a high specific capacitance, high power density and excellent electrocatalytic activity is synthesized. The final product shows a high specific capacitance of 255 F g−1, high energy density of 31.88 Wh kg−1 and power density of 3188 W kg−1. Moreover, after experiencing 5000 cycles, the specific capacitance is maintained at 239 F g−1 (capacitance retention of 93%). In addition, the hybrid exhibits excellent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activities in alkaline solution, with overpotentials of 349 mV (Tafel = 192 mV dec−1) and 484 mV (Tafel = 184 mV dec−1), respectively. Meanwhile, the hybrid also shows a larger initial and half-wave potentials of −0.12 V and −0.22 V, reflecting an outstanding oxidation-reduction reaction (ORR) property. In a word, this work provides a new idea for us to fabricate wood-based hybrid for high-performance energy storage devices and carbon-based catalysts. • Wood inserted metal compounds shows good energy storage and catalysis performance. • Porous wood makes electrolyte ions easier to transport and store. • Li–Na charge transfer channel keeps composite at a higher charge and discharge level. • It provides a new reference for developing high value-added biomass resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Three-Dimensional (3D) porous graphene, a kind of carbon material with in-plane nanopores and hierarchical pores formed between graphene layers, have attracted tremendous interests in application of supercapacitors due to their large specific surface areas, superior conductivity, unique porous structures and diversified compositions. Combining the advantages from both porous materials and graphene, 3D porous graphene has been regarded as an idea scaffold to build hierarchical hybrid with comprehensive electrochemical energy storage performance by introducing other substances. In this review, we aim to summarize the recent advances in fabricating 3D pure self-supported graphene-based porous structures with micro-, meso-, and macro-porous features and investigate the structure–property relationships, and their application in supercapacitors are also discussed. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Summarizing recent advances in fabricating 3D pure self-supported graphene-based porous structures. • Discussing the advantages of 3D porous graphene-based hybrid from both porous materials and graphene. • Investigate the structure–property relationships and their application in supercapacitors. • Figuring out the trouble and found the way for the development of 3D porous graphene-based hybrid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) - carbon nanotubes (CNT) grown on carbon fiber (CF) is fabricated by a combination of electrophoretic deposition (EPD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Firstly, CF-GO composite is prepared via EPD. Secondly, the CF-RGO-CNT hybrid is obtained by floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method for synthesizing CNT on the CF-RGO substrate. The as-prepared three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical hybrid shows strong mechanical stability and high flexibility at various bending angles. Furthermore, the hybrid is characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray Diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, and its supercapacitor properties are also tested. The electrochemical measurements display a higher specific capacitance of 203 F g −1 , 4 times higher than that of pure CF. Importantly, the hybrid shows high electrochemical stability at various bending angles, and can be directly served as flexible electrode with binder-free for high-performance supercapacitors. All these attractive results indicate that the as-prepared 3D hybrid is a promising candidate for flexible supercapacitor applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A facile method is designed to prepare 3D reduced graphene oxide (rGO) - carbon nanotubes (CNTs) - nickel foams (NF). In this research, the 3D rGO-CNTs-NF electrode is fabricated by combination of electrophoretic deposition and floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition. The vertically-aligned CNTs forests not only effectively prevent stacking of rGO sheets but also facilitate the electron transfer during the charge/discharge process and contribute to the whole capacitance. Moreover, the 3D rGO-CNTs-NF hybrid can be used directly as electrodes of supercapacitor without binder. Additionally, the hybrid shows a specific capacitance of 236.18 F g −1 which is much higher than that of the rGO - NF electrode (100.23 F g −1 ). Importantly, the energy density and power density of 3D rGO-CNTs-NF are respectively as high as 19.24 Wh kg −1 and 5398 W kg −1 , indicating that our work provides a way to design hierarchical rGO-based architecture composed of rGO, CNTs and various electroactive materials for high-performance energy storage devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon/carbon–silicon carbide (C/C–SiC) composites, as a promising material for brake disks, have been widely concerned by researchers. In this work, the C/C–SiC composite that has potential applications in future advanced braking systems has been fabricated by combining low temperature compression molding (LTCM) and liquid silicon infiltration (LSI). The effects of the carbon fibers (C f ) dispersion and LSI on the properties of the C/C–SiC composite have been investigated. The results demonstrate that the as-prepared composite with a high density of 2.3 g cm −3 and low open porosity of 6% exhibits a high bending strength of 120 MPa and compressive strength of 153 MPa. Moreover, it displays a “False plasticity” phenomenon, indicating the excellent mechanical properties. Additionally, a stable friction coefficient of 0.33 has been also obtained, which demonstrates that the chattering phenomenon can be effectively controlled to obtain comfortable driving conditions during the brake process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to its natural and rich porous structure, biomass wood-based materials have potential applications in electronic devices such as supercapacitors and sensors, which is also in line with the concept of green and sustainable development and has attracted extensive attention of more and more researchers. However, due to the poor conductivity of wood-based materials, in order to enhance their conductivity, they have to be carbonized or compounded with other materials with good conductivity. Here, we first synthesized the rGO-LiOH/wood micro-spring composite with high strength, high specific capacitance, high elasticity and elastic recovery rate via vacuum suction and carbonization. The as-obtained wood-based hybrid is applied to supercapacitors and sensors, and shows good supercapacitance and sensing characteristics. Under a scan rate of 200 mV s−1, the specific capacitance is 352 F g−1, the energy density is 48.89 Wh kg−1, the power density reaches 9780 W kg−1, and the capacitance retention still maintains at 98% (346 F g−1) after experiencing 1000 cycles, showing excellent energy storage and working stability. More importantly, the composite still shows stable energy storage effect under repeated compression rebound conditions. After 5000 compression-recovery, a high elastic recovery rate of 91.67% and high capacitance retention of approximately 80% are still obtained. These outstanding properties highlight the great application potential of the rGO-LiOH/wood micro-spring composite in biomass based wearable electronics, portable power supply equipment and sensors. [Display omitted] • A novel rGO-LiOH/wood micro-spring composite is fabricated. • The hybrid shows excellent capacitance retention and elastic recovery capacity. • The rGO-LiOH supports the arch structure of carbonized wood without being damaged. • Porous structure of wood provides channels for electrolyte ions to transfer. • More ways are explored for sustainable utilization of high value biomass resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Flower-like CoS, NiS nanofibers with Co, Ni nanoparticles hybrid was loaded into CLFW. • The obtained CLFW@(Co, Ni)-(CoS, NiS) hybrid shows good supercapacitive performance. • The natural porous structure of wood provides numerous electrolyte ions channels. • Cross-linked NiS, CoS nanofibers form new pores for transport of electrolyte ions. • Expect to provide more possible applications for renewable wood-based materials. A novel hybrid composed of carbonization lignin-free wood as an effective scaffold for loading CoS, NiS nanofibers with Co, Ni flower-like structure attached Co, Ni nanoparticles is fabricated as electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor. For the resultant, the natural porous pipe structure of wood provides a large number of electrolyte ions channels for the hybrid. The flower-like NiS, CoS distributed along the carbonized wood pipe gather together to form NiS nanofibers. These NiS and CoS nanofibers interweave with each other to form some new pores, which is helpful for the transport of electrolyte ions. As a result, the synergistic effect of these components endows the wood-based hybrid with good supercapacitive performance: high gravity (volumetric) energy densities of 46 Wh kg−1 (66 Wh L-1) are obtained, meanwhile sustaining high gravity (volumetric) power densities of 68 kW kg−1 (50 kW L-1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a kind of green renewable resource from trees, wood has abundant porous structure, which makes it have great potential in the field of energy storage. However, poor conductivity and limited energy storage capacity hinder the application of wood in the field of energy storage. Here, a novel carbonization lignin-free wood (CLFW)@Co-CoS hybrid is designed and fabricated by a combination of vacuum filtration and carbonization. The CLFW@Co-CoS hybrid assembled into wood-based supercapacitor presents a high areal energy density of 610 μWh cm−2, meanwhile maintaining a high areal power density of 192 mW cm−2. There are two main reasons for the excellent capacitance characteristics: one thing is that wood has a natural and abundant porous structure, which provides more space and channels for the storage and transport of electrolyte ions. The other thing is that CoS and Co can provide high capacitance, and numerous new pores are created by the interweaving of CoS nanofibers with flower-like structure. Additionally, Co nanoparticles attached to CoS and wood have more active sites, which endows the hybrid with excellent ORR properties. Thus, this bifunctional material with excellent electrochemical performance and outstanding ORR properties has huge potential in the field of energy storage and catalysis. Unlabelled Image • Co/CoS nanofibers immobilized in carbonization wood as bifunctional hybrid for supercapacitor and electrocatalyst. • The porous wood and the pores formed by cross-linked CoS nanofibers contribute a high areal power density of 192 mW cm−2. • The high capacitance provided by Co and CoS endows wood-based composites with a high areal energy density of 610 μWh cm−2. • The hybrid shows a high oxygen reduction reaction onset potential of 0.9 V, close to commercial Pt / C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a green and sustainable porous material, wood has attracted more and more attention of researchers, especially in the field of energy storage. However, the poor conductivity of wood limits its application. Herein, a kind of non-carbonized lignin-free wood (LFW)@PANI supercapacitor material is fabricated for renewable energy storage application. The resultant hybrid used as electrode material of supercapacitor shows a good comprehensive electrochemical performance: 1) A high cycle stability of ~96% after experiencing 5000 cycles. 2) A high specific capacitance of ~800 F g−1 and 192 F cm−3 3) Good rate performance. 4) A high energy efficiency of more than 80%. 5) High energy densities of 41 Wh kg−1 (57 Wh L−1), meanwhile maintaining high power densities of 43 kW L−1 (68 kW kg−1). Compared with the way of carbonization, non-carbonized treatment not only save energy but also be greener. This work is expected to provide more insights and possibilities for application of renewable wood-based materials. Image 1 • Fabrication of LFW@PANI electrode by vacuum pumping and in situ self-polymerization. • Congenital and acquired pores from wood and PANI enhance energy storage performance. • The hybrid displays superior cycle stability, rate performance and energy efficiency. • Non-carbonization provides a simple way for developing high value wood-based hybrid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, with the concept of building a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, the idea of developing green, sustainable and multifunctional materials has become increasingly urgent. So, how to explore more possible ways for efficient and sustainable utilization of biomass resources is very important. In this paper, a novel eco-friendly and sustainable 3D bifunctional carbon microtubes@nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (CMT@N-RGO) hybrid based biomass material is firstly fabricated by combining dipping and chemical vapor deposition methods. Then the CMT@N-RGO hybrid is served as an excellent carbonaceous scaffold for constructing hierarchical hybrid with high-performance in energy storage and electrocatalysis. Finally, we have successfully prepared CMT@N-RGO/MnO 2 and CMT@N-RGO/PANI hybrid with good supercapacitive and excellent oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In short, the as-fabricated hybrid served as electrodes of supercapacitor present fast charge/discharge rate, excellent rate performance, and outstanding capacitance retention of 95% (93%) and high energy efficiency of 65–77% (61–72%) for both. In addition, the hybrid acted as an efficient electrocatalyst in the oxygen reduction reaction shows a larger positive onset potential of −0.12 V and half-wave potential of −0.21 V, which can be comparable to that of commercial Pt/C electrode. The improved capacitive and electrocatalytic properties are mainly attributed to the synergistic effects between the CMT and N-RGO/PANI (MnO 2). In a word, these attractive results demonstrate that the 3D CMT@N-RGO/PANI (MnO 2) hybrid are promising high-performance bifunctional material for supercapacitors and ORR catalyst. Hopefully, it can open up a versatile way for us to devise and manufacture more various multifunctional biomass-based material with outstanding electrochemical properties, excellent oxygen reduction reaction performance and other outstanding properties. Image 1 • CMT@N-RGO hybrid presents fast charge/discharge and high rate performance. • The cross-linked CMT can function as a bridge for the transmission of electrons. • N, PANI and MnO 2 can provide electrocatalysts and pseudocapacitance performance. • The fabricated hybrid show good bifunctional properties for supercapacitor and ORR. • Explore more possible ways for sustainable utilization of biomass resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a long-life and high-performance electrode material is successfully fabricated by the incorporation of carbon nanotube (CNT) with different length using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on a hierarchically three dimensional (3D) carbon foam (CF), which is obtained from the mesophase pitch. The morphology, composition, and electrochemical performance of the as-prepared composites are characterized using the scanning electron microscope (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling techniques. Characterizations suggest that this resultant CF/CNT-50 electrode material has a good cycling stability with capacitance retention of 96.5% even after 10000 cycles. Moreover, it shows a high mass capacitance of 227.5 F/g based on the resultant electrode materials, higher energy density of 28 Wh kg −1 and power density of 3700 W kg −1 at a current density 2 A g −1 and also excellent charge/discharge rate. These measured charge storage properties make the proposed hybrid materials excellent electrode material candidates for high performance supercapacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A highly conductive and flexible composite film of Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate and aramid nanofiber (PEDOT:PSS/ANFs) is prepared by vacuum-assisted filtration and post-treated by acid. The composite displays excellent mechanical integrity under bending together with flexibility, properties being attributed to the strong attachment of PEDOT:PSS onto the surface of the ANFs via hydrogen bonding and the ANF structure, respectively. The conductivity of the prepared composite is progressively enhanced by the post-treatment using sulfuric acids (1 M H 2 SO 4 and 1.5 M H 2 SO 4), reaching 20–25 times higher than that of untreated film. This enhancement is traced to the removal of the insulating PSS group together with an analyzable change in crystallization of the PEDOT:PSS component. However, excessive use of acid treatment is seen to reduce the mechanical strength, and, thus, ultimate loss of conductivity after frequent bending (up to 1000 times), only having 59% conductivity retention with high concentration acid treatment (1.5 M H 2 SO 4) compared to a high conductivity retention of 95% with 1.0 M H 2 SO 4. Adopting the relatively weaker acid enables a balance to be reached between these crucial factors of electrical conductivity versus mechanical integrity. The prepared film of PEDOT: PSS/ANFs treated by acid as an electrode of supercapacitor shows good electrochemical performances, including good volumetric specific capacitance (83.5 F/cm3 with 1.0 M H 2 SO 4 and 75 F/cm3 with 1.5 M H 2 SO 4 at 0.5 A/cm−3), cycle stability and capacitance retention of 83.3% and 87.5% after 2000 cycles, respectively. Furthermore, a solid flexible supercapacitor is finally assembled by the post-treatment of relatively low concentration acid with 1.0 M H 2 SO 4. The configured supercapacitor displays excellent volumetric energy density of 23.44 mW h/cm2 (power density of 399.95 mW/cm2) at a very wide operating potential window of 0–1.6 V and cycle stability. Therefore, it is quite feasible method to fabricate a highly conductive and flexible composite film using PEDOT:PSS and ANFs by vacuum filtration and acid post-treatment, which expects to be a promising flexible composite electrode material applied in the preparation of energy storage devices. • A highly conductive and flexible composite film of PEDOT:PSS/ANFs is fabricated. • PEDOT:PSS onto the surface of ANFs via hydrogen bonding is disclosed. • The conductivity of the prepared film is enhanced by acid post-treatment. • The influence on mechanical strength is discussed when applying acid post-treatment. • The electrochemical performance of PEDOT:PSS/ANFs film is explored and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In this work, reaction bonded silicon carbide (RBSC) brake composites reinforced by chopped carbon fibers (CCFs) were fabricated by pre-liquid dispersion (PLD), low-temperature compression molding (LTCM) and subsequent densification by liquid silicon infiltration (LSI). The effects of the CCF fraction and PLD process on microstructure, phase composition, compression strength, shear strength and tribological performance of the brake composites were evaluated in detail. Our results showed that the distribution of CCF within the brake composites can be improved substantially through the treatment of PLD process, leading to the lowest open porosity of 9.63% and highest buck density of 1.87 g/cm3 comparing to the composites without PLD. Meanwhile, due to the augment of the interfacial area between the CCF and matrix, the as-prepared brake composite with 20 vol% CCF showed a compression strength as high as 157.55 MPa and shear strength of 22.14 MPa. Moreover, after further graphitization, a highly reliable RBSC brake composite with suitable average friction coefficient (0.427) for braking was obtained via the synergistic effects of lubrication of formed graphite and grain-abrasion by SiC grains in spite of a relatively high mass wear rate. These results show that the CCF reinforced RBSC brake composite is a promising candidate for high performance and low-cost friction composite for the application in brake pads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C f /Ti 3 SiC 2 -SiC composites with different content of short carbon fibers were fabricated by the combination of compression molding and pressureless sintering. Microstructure and mechanical behavior of the composites were studied to evaluate the comprehensive performance of the material. In comparison, composites without carbon fibers were also fabricated in the same way. The results indicate that Ti 3 SiC 2 phases were synthesized in each cases and exhibit typical laminated structure with smooth surface. With the increase of carbon fiber content, composites turn from brittle to toughness, and show obvious elastic and no-linear regions on the force-displacement curve. Moreover, composite with 30% (volume fraction) carbon fiber shows the highest flexural strength (284.03 MPa), open porosity (15.78%), and lowest density (2.37 g cm −3 ). There were chemical reactions occurred between carbon fibers and matrix which formed strong covalent bonds and interfaces. The micrographs also reveal that fiber bridging and pulling-out are the most important reinforcement mechanisms which contribute to the mechanical properties of the composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The optimization of the electrodes structure is crucial for supercapacitors. Herein, we report a novel three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical multihole architecture of ternary reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/MnO 2 /carbon foam (CF) nanocomposites. Thereinto, CF not only firstly serves as conductive skeleton but also offers primary pore structure with nickel foam and supporter for electrochemical deposition (ECD) of MnO 2 . Furthermore, rGO covered on electrodes surface both prevents the exfoliation of MnO 2 and integrates with it to construct secondary pore structure. The configuration with three components synergistic effects leads to a high specific capacitance of 356.5 F g −1 at a scan rate of 10 mV s −1 and a long cycle life along with 93.6% specific capacitance retained after 2000 cycles. Also, it even remained 30.6 Wh kg −1 at a large power density of 13.5 kW kg −1 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homogeneous amorphous carbon nanotube (ACNT) networks have been synthesized using floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method on a 3D graphene aerogel (GA)/ BaFe 12 O 19 (BF) nanocomposite which was prepared by a self-propagating combustion process. The as-synthesized ACNT/GA/BF nanocomposite with 3D network structures could be directly used as a good absorber material for electromagnetic wave absorption. The experimental results indicated that the minimum reflection loss of ACNT/GA/BF composite with a thickness of 2 mm was −18.35 dB at 10.64 GHz in the frequency range of 2–18 GHz. The frequency bandwidth of the reflection loss below −10 dB was 3.32 GHz and below −5 dB was 6.24 GHz, respectively. The 3D graphene aerogel structures which composed of dense interlined tubes and amorphous structure bearing quantities of dihedral angles could consume the incident waves through multiple reflection and scattering inside the 3D web structures. The interlinked ACNTs have both the virtues of amorphous CNTs (multiple reflection inside the wall) and crystalline CNTs (high conductivity), consuming the electromagnetic wave as resistance heat. ACNT/GA/BF composite has a good electromagnetic wave absorption performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aligned amorphous carbon nanotube (AACNT)/BaFe 12 O 19 nanorod (BNR) composite was prepared by chemical vapor deposition and ball-milling methods. Raman and XRD tests were performed to investigate the microstructures, and the microwave absorbing properties of the as prepared composite were characterized using a vector network analyzer. The experimental results indicated that the mean length of as-prepared ACNT arrays was about 24 μm and the average length of BNRs were about 50 nm. The maximum absorbing peak of AACNTs/BNR composite is −21.5 dB at the frequency of 9.3 GHz. The frequency bandwidth of the reflectivity loss below −10 dB is about 2.5 GHz. AACNTs have both features of amorphous CNTs which have multiple-reflective path inside the tube-wall and crystalline CNTs which have high conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-dimensional (3-D) graphene foam/PANI nanorods were fabricated by hydrothermal treatment of graphene oxide (GO) solution and sequentially in-situ synthesis of PANI nanorods on the surface of graphene hydrogel. 3-D graphene foam was used as substrate for the growth of PANI nanorods and it increases the specific surface area as well as the double layer capacitance performance of the graphene foam/PANI nanorod composite. The length of the PANI nanorod is about 340 nm . PANI nanorods exhibited a short stick shape. These PANI nanorods agglomerate together and the growth orientation is anisotropic. The highest specific capacitance of 3-D graphene/PANI nanorod composite electrodes is 352 F g −1 at the scan rate of 10 mV s −1 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reduction of graphene oxide was promoted remarkably under pressure via low temperature thermal treatment. Traditionally, graphene oxide is usually reduced in a preheated high temperature environment as a precondition of the thermal reduction. We report a pressure promoted method for low temperature thermal reduction and exfoliation of graphene oxide in large quantity at 260 °C. The physicochemical properties of parent graphite, as well as the microstructure and physicochemical properties of graphene oxide and resultant graphene were investigated by Raman spectrometer, thermograviment analyzer (TGA), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Results show that graphene oxide was reduced to graphene with less stack via low-temperature pressure promoted thermal treatment, meanwhile, the degree of disorder reduced: the ratio of I D /I G in Raman spectrum decreases from 0.64 to 0.56. Moreover, graphene derived from low-temperature pressure promoted treatment exhibit better thermal stability than graphene oxide, and oxygen functional groups were removed with a high level. All of results exhibit improved comprehensive properties than graphene synthesized via traditional thermal reduction at 1000 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Well-aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with different shapes, namely coiled CNTs (CCNTs), V-shape CNTs (VCNTs) and ribbon-like CNTs (RCNTs), were prepared by floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FC-CVD) using triethylsilane and ferrocene as catalyst precursors and xylene as carbon source. The products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectrometer. The experimental results indicated that triethylsilane limited the catalyst effectivity in the formation of the novel shapes. When the mole ratio of ferrocene and triethylsilane reached 10:1, the array morphology was maintained and several shapes appeared. It inferred that the catalyst particles were formed by two phases, namely Fe–C–Si solid solution and cementite Fe 3 C. The different absorption and desorption rates of carbon atoms between this two phases as well as the catalyst morphology change during the growth consequently lead to the formation of CCNTs and RCNTs. As for the VCNTs, it concluded that the partial inactivation of catalysts lead to two separated growth areas of CNTs which formed this CNTs. A mechanism is proposed to explain the relationships between the adding of triethylsilane and the formation of the novel structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel CNF/rGO aerogel with supporting column and 2D layered structure was prepared. • CNF/rGO aerogel film with low loading has efficient thermal management performance. • Thermal conductivity of CNF/rGO aerogel with 1 wt.% rGO can reach upto 16.304 W/m K. • The CNF/rGO aerogel film shows potential for emergent energy storage devices. Cellulosic materials are especially suitable for use in flexible electronic products because of their light weight, good tolerance, flexibility, and biodegradability. In this work, cellulose nanofibril/reduced graphene oxide (CNF/rGO) nanocomposites are prepared and the thermal properties of the nanocomposites are analyzed. A supporting column and 2D layered structure porous paper is obtained with CNF/rGO as the heat conduction skeleton, which shows excellent thermal conductivity. The results show that this novel CNF/rGO porous paper has an ultrahigh in-plane thermal conductivity of up to 16.30 W/m K when only 1 wt.% rGO is added in, demonstrating efficient thermal management performance of the CNF-based nanocomposites with low rGO loading. We believe that the development of thermal management techniques using CNFs and rGO for emergent energy storage devices will lead to efficient technologies, further easing our daily lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A versatile self-crosslinked all-polysaccharide hydrogel is prepared. • The hydrogel possesses multi-functionalities. • The hydrogel efficiently removes phosphate in wastewater. • The phosphate-adsorbed hydrogel converts to a N,P-doped carbon material for supercapacitors. A new self-crosslinked composite hydrogel is prepared with chitosan (CS) and cationic guar gum (CGG), based on the imine and acetal chemistry for gelation. The CS/CGG hydrogel exhibits thermal/pH responsiveness, injectability, adhesiveness and good compressive strength. The hydrogel is effective in removing phosphate from wastewater through an adsorption process, during which KH 2 PO 4 is used as a phosphate model. The adsorption complies with the Freundlich model, indicating that it is a multilayered process with complex adsorption mechanisms. Considering their porous structure and nitrogen/phosphorus heteroatoms doping, the phosphate-adsorbed hydrogels are made into porous N,P doped carbon aerogels that can be potentially used as electrodes for a supercapacitor. The results indicate that these carbon aerogels possess excellent capacitive performance (best specific capacitance of 302.2 ± 4.9 F/g), as well as good cycling stability after 5000 times of charging/discharging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A concept of converting corncobs to versatile biosorbents was proposed. • Corncobs serve as supports/ stabilizers for anchoring of MOFs. • The biosorbents show effective dyes removal and microbial inactivation. • ZIF-8/OCBs have excellent dye adsorption capacity and recyclability. In this work, biodegradable cellulose-based biosorbents (MOFs/OCBs) with dual function of dye removal and microbial inactivation were fabricated by in situ anchoring metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) on the TEMPO oxidized corncobs (OCBs). Results showed that delignification and oxidation can develop the OCBs with more cellulose content, carboxyl groups and specific surface area, thus facilitating the deposition of MOFs. The porous and carbohydrate-rich OCBs can serve as supports and stabilizers for MOFs, allowing for enhanced stability and recyclability of MOFs powders. The MOFs, namely HKUST-1 and ZIF-8, can endow the OCBs multiple functions of good adsorption capacity to methyl orange (from 8% of OCBs to 55% of HKUST-1/OCBs and 84% of ZIF-8/OCBs) and excellent antibacterial activity (from 0 of OCBs to 90.2% of HKUST-1/OCBs and 44.8% of ZIF-8/OCBs). Such a concept may offer a new pathway for preparing economical and efficient biosorbents for environmental remedy purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]