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Iron-based catalysts have been explored for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO due to environmentally benign characters and good SCR activity. Mn-W-Sb modified siderite catalysts were prepared by impregnation method based on siderite ore, and SCR performance of the catalysts was investigated. The catalysts were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, H 2 -temperature-programmed reduction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, Thermogravimetry-derivative thermogravimetry and in-situ diffused reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). The modified siderite catalysts calcined at 450°C mainly consist of Fe 2 O 3 , and added Mn, W and Sb species are amorphous. 3Mn-5W-1.5Sb-siderite catalyst has a wide temperature window of 180-360°C and good N 2 selectivity at low temperatures. In-situ DRIFTS results show NH 4 +, coordinated NH 3 , NH 2 , NO 3 − species (bidentate), NO 2 − species (nitro, nitro-nitrito, monodentate), and adsorbed NO 2 can be discovered on the surface of Mn-W-Sb modified siderite catalysts, and doping of Mn will enhance adsorbed NO 2 formation by synergistic catalysis with Fe3+. In addition, the addition of Sb can inhibit sulfates formation on the surface of the catalyst in the presence of SO 2 and H 2 O. Time-dependent in-situ DRIFTS studies also indicate that both of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites play a role in SCR of NO by ammonia at low temperatures. The mechanism of NO removal on the 3Mn-5W-1.5Sb-siderite catalyst can be discovered as a combination of Eley-Rideal and Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanisms with three reaction pathways. The mechanism of NO, oxidized by synergistic catalysis of Fe3+ and Mn4+/3+ to form NO 2 among three pathways, reveals the reason of high NO x conversion of the catalyst at medium and low temperatures. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract To investigate the different effects of dietary α-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) on the euryhaline fish Japanese seabass, a feeding trial followed by hepatic transcriptome assay was conducted. Two experimental diets containing 10% LA-rich sunflower seed oil (diet LA) or 10% ALA-rich perilla oil (diet ALA) were used in the feeding trial. LA and ALA in diets were characteristically incorporated into fish tissues while no significant difference was observed in growth performance and body proximate composition between groups LA and ALA. Compared to LA, ALA up-regulated transcription of 49 unigenes and down-regulated those of 311 unigenes. Quantitative RT-PCR studies on eight lipid metabolism-related genes and seven randomly selected genes were conducted to validate the transcriptomic results. Lipid metabolism-related genes ApoA1, ApoA4, ApoE, FABP1, FABP3, FABP4, FATP6, and DGAT1, as well as ribosomal proteins L9e, L13e, and S4e, were transcriptionally down-regulated by ALA. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were primarily enriched in Gene Ontology terms such as Lipid transport, Protein metabolic process, and Ribosome biogenesis, as well as in KEGG pathways such as Complement and coagulation cascades and Ribosome. The Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network based on the peptide biosynthesis-related DEGs showed that ribosomal proteins such as SAe, L4e, S4e, L15e, L9e, and L13Ae had high betweenness centrality in the dietary regulation of peptide biosynthetic processes. In conclusion, under the present experimental conditions, a high level of dietary α-linolenic acid tended to suppress lipid transport and protein biosynthetic processes in the liver of Japanese seabass at the gene expression level. Graphical abstract To investigate the different effects of dietary α-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) on the euryhaline fish species Japanese seabass, a feeding trial followed by hepatic transcriptome assay was conducted. Compared to LA, ALA up-regulated transcription of 49 unigenes and down-regulated those of 311 unigenes, which were primarily enriched in pathways related to lipid transport, protein synthesis, and complement and coagulation cascades. Unlabelled Image [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • 1,9a-Dihydropyrido[2,1- c ][1,4]thiazine-1-phosphonates are directly synthesized. • Visible-light-induced one-pot synthesis. • Dimethyl (aryl(2-tosylhydrazono)methyl)phosphonates as carbene precursor. A visible-light-induced direct and safe synthesis of functionalized dimethyl 1-aryl-1,9a-dihydropyrido[2,1- c ][1,4]thiazine-1-phosphonates is realized from dimethyl (aryl(2-tosylhydrazono)methyl)phosphonates and pyridinium 1,4-zwitterionic thiolates with cesium carbonate as base in dichloromethane. The reaction involves the carbene generation from dimethyl (aryl(2-tosylhydrazono)methyl)phosphonates in the presence of cesium carbonate as base and the [1+5] annulation of the carbenes with pyridinium 1,4-zwitterionic thiolates to synthesize functionalized 1,9a-dihydropyrido[2,1- c ][1,4]thiazine derivatives. The method avoids preparing, storing, and using potentially dangerous phosphoryl diazo compounds and features simple, convenient, catalyst-free, and mild reaction conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are developing rapidly recently in usage and popularity in civil applications. However, although the great benefits UAVs have brought, their noise pollution is one of the concerns with their proliferation. The two main noise sources of a UAV are the motors and propellers. And the propellers are often assumed to be the dominant noise source in the literature, hence noise reduction of propeller becomes research focus; however, recent studies suggest that the contribution from the motor may also be important. This paper explore a passive noise reduction approach based on micro-perforated panel (MPP) absorbers together with sound-proof materials. Experimental results show that the proposed noise reduction constructions can have a significant reduction to the motor's overall noise level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the dietary arginine requirement of tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes), and to assess the effect of dietary arginine levels on intestinal peptide and amino acid transporters, and target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway in muscle. Six experimental diets were formulated to contain 480 g kg−1 crude protein from fishmeal, corn protein concentrate and crystalline amino acid premix with graded levels of arginine (19.1, 21.5, 24.4, 26.7, 30.0 and 32.5 g kg−1 of dry diet). Each diet was randomly fed to triplicate groups of 25 fish (an average initial body weight of 19.97 g) per tank. Final body weight, specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency ratio, protein efficiency ratio and protein productive value increased with the increase of dietary arginine levels from 19.1 to 24.4 g kg−1 (p < 0.05), and then showed a declining trend although there was no significant difference. With the increase of dietary arginine levels, intestinal oligopeptide transporter 1 (PepT1), cationic amino acid transporter 1 (CAT1) and y+ L-type amino acid transporter 2 (y+LAT2) mRNA levels increased at first and thereafter showed a decreasing trend, where a break point was observed in the 24.4 g kg−1 arginine group. The expression of b0,+-type amino acid transporter (b0,+AT) in intestine was significantly higher in the 21.5 and 24.4 g kg−1 arginine groups compared with the 32.5 g kg−1 arginine group (p < 0.05). Gene expressions of TOR, ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 in muscle were not statistically different in all treatment groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, an optimal level of dietary arginine stimulated intestinal peptide and amino acid transporters, while gene expressions of TOR signaling pathway in muscle were not responsive to dietary arginine levels. Based on nonlinear regression analysis of SGR, the dietary arginine requirement of tiger puffer was estimated to be 24.40 g kg−1 of dry diet (50.12 g kg−1 of dietary protein). • Dietary arginine requirement of tiger puffer was estimated to be 24.40 g kg−1 of dry diet. • An optimal level of arginine up-regulated the expressions of intestinal PepT1 and cationic amino acid transporters. • The expression of TOR signaling pathway in muscle was not responsive to dietary arginine levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Methionine (Met) is one of the most important amino acids in fish feed. The effects of dietary Met on lipid deposition in fish varied a lot among different studies. The present study was aimed at investigating the effects of dietary Met supplementation on the lipid accumulation in tiger puffer, which have a unique lipid storage pattern. Crystalline L-Met was supplemented to a low-fishmeal control diet to obtain two experimental diets with a low (1.1% of dry weight, L-MET) or high Met level (1.6% of dry weight, H-MET). A 67-day feeding trial was conducted with juvenile tiger puffer (average initial weight, 13.83 g). Each diet was fed to triplicate tanks (30 fish in each tank). The results showed that the total lipid contents in whole-body and liver significantly increased with increasing dietary Met levels. The hepatosomatic index, weight gain, and total bile acid content in serum showed similar patterns in response to dietary Met treatments, while the lipid content in muscle was not affected. The hepatic contents of 18-carbon fatty acids were elevated by dietary Met supplementation. The Hepatic mRNA expression of lipogenetic gene such as FAS, GPAT, PPARγ, ACLY, and SCD1 was down-regulated, while the gene expression of lipolytic genes ACOX1 and HSL, as well as that of ApoB100, were up-regulated by increasing dietary Met levels. The hepatic lipidomics of experimental fish was also analyzed. In conclusion, increasing dietary Met levels (0.61%, 1.10%, and 1.60%) increased the hepatic lipid accumulation in tiger puffer. The mechanisms involved warrant further studies. Graphical abstract To investigate the effects of dietary methionine (Met) supplementation on the lipid accumulation in tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes , a feeding trial with experimental diets without (Control) or with Met supplementation (low level, L-MET, and high level, H-MET) was conducted. Increasing dietary Met levels (0.61%, 1.10%, and 1.60%) increased the hepatic lipid accumulation in tiger puffer, concomitant with increased fish growth. Unlabelled Image Highlights • Increasing dietary methionine levels (0.61%, 1.10%, and 1.60%) increased the hepatic lipid accumulation in tiger puffer. • By contrast, increased dietary methionine resulted in increases in lipolytic and decreases in lipogenetic gene expression. • The hepatic contents of 18-carbon fatty acids were elevated by dietary methionine supplementation. • Hepatic lipidomic analysis indicated a substantial shift in lipid profiles in the fish fed a high methionine diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a widely used dynamic computation method for seismic response analysis of structures, time history analysis (THA) can be a time-consuming procedure in some situations. In order to reduce the calculation time, this study proposed a novel strong ground motion duration which can truncate the head and tail weak signals of records before THA. The initial point of proposed duration refers to the concept of bracketed duration, while the termination point is determined by the maximum displacement responses of equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems of the structure. The relationship between the fundamental period and period-lengthening level of structure is counted from previous research and fitted with a formula which is used to compute the period range of equivalent SDOF systems. After comparing the structural responses and time-saved percentage of truncated records by proposed duration with those by other definition of durations, results prove that the proposed duration has significant time-saving procedure and reliable computation results on THA. • A novel strong ground motion duration is proposed to save computation time. • The duration is used to truncate ground motion records before dynamic analysis. • Relation of structural fundamental period and period elongation ratio is studied. • Truncated records by the duration keep structural responses almost unchanged. • The duration is the best on balancing efficiency and accuracy compared with others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the space station, filamentous fungi are one of the main potential hazards causing short circuits or corrosion failure of printed circuit boards (PCBs). A 90-day fungal corrosion test was carried out on the China Space Station (CSS), focusing on the interaction between A. brasiliensis and exposed copper circuits. The results showed that the mycelial morphology, ultrastructure, and organic acid accumulation of the test fungi exhibited significant changes in the space microgravity environment. Aspergillus brasiliensis tended to excrete higher levels of oxalic acid in space as a defense mechanism against copper toxicity, which could exacerbate localized corrosion of copper metal. • The fungal corrosion behavior of copper in space was studied for the first time. • A. brasiliensis in space tends to excrete higher levels of oxalic acid. • Significant increase in pitting depth by A. brasiliensis in space. • Acid corrosion and oxygen concentration cells may be the main corrosion mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently meta-learning-based few-shot learning methods have been widely used for relation classification. Previous work reveals that meta-learning performs poorly in scenarios where the edge probability distribution of the target domain dataset appears to be significantly different from the source domain. In this paper, we enhance the meta-learning framework with high-dimensional semantic feature extraction and hyperplane projection metrics for meta-tasks. First, we enhance the focus of BERT on entity words by adding entity markers and vector pooling. After that, the high-dimensional semantic features of the support set are extracted and transformed into hyperplanes. Finally, we obtain the classification results by calculating the projection distance between the query sample and the hyperplane. In addition, we design a auxiliary function with a plane correction factor, which can better amplify the plane spacing and reduce the degree of category confusion, which is important for solving the problem of metric spatial loss. Experiments on two real-world few-shot datasets show that our model HPN is more effective in classifying few-shot relations in the same domain and domain-adapted scenarios. And HPN is more stable on NOTA tasks. • A hyperplane projection network is proposed for few shot relation classification. • Propose an effective entity encoder that extracts better features. • First apply a novel hyperplane module to generate class-level feature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to comprehensively investigate the effects of dietary phosphorus level and stocking density on tiger puffer. A 3 × 3 factorial design was used. The three dietary phosphorus levels were 0.68% (LP), 0.98% (MP), and 1.31% (HP) of dry matter, of which the available phosphorus level was 0.44%, 0.76%, and 1.06%, respectively. The three stocking density grades were 1.53 (LD), 2.30 (MD), and 3.06 (HD) kg m−3. The feeding trial was conducted in an indoor flow-through seawater system. Three replicate tanks were used for each group. The results showed that HP resulted in the highest growth rate. Higher dietary phosphorus levels reduced the whole-body lipid content, serum cholesterol contents, and hepatic mRNA expression of lipid metabolism-related genes such as ACACβ, DGAT1, and PPARα2. High stocking density levels reduced the growth rate and feed intake, but rarely affected other physiological parameters. Significant interactions were observed between effects of dietary phosphorus level and stocking density on phosphorus and calcium metabolism, but not between effects of both variables on the growth performance. Synergetic enhancement of phosphorus excretion by high phosphorus level and high stocking density was observed. These results shed new lights into the phosphorus physiology of marine fish and the interactions between phosphorus nutrition and rearing condition. • Tiger puffer had a high requirement for dietary phosphorus. • High dietary phosphorus levels reduced the lipid deposition. • High stocking density levels reduced the growth rate and feed intake. • Significant interaction was observed regarding phosphorus and calcium metabolism. • Significant interaction was not observed regarding growth performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A series of bidirectional pseudo-static tests on isolated infill walls in RC frames were conducted. • The effects of the in-plane and out-of-plane on the isolated infilled frames can not be neglected. • Boundary constraints affected the in-plane and out-of-plane performance of isolated infilled walls. This paper presents the findings of a series of bidirectional quasi-static tests conducted on isolated infilled frames to investigate the in-plane and out-of-plane interaction of the infills with different boundary constraints. The effects of prior in-plane damage on the out-of-plane behavior of isolated infill walls were assessed. It was found that the presence of existing cracks that developed during the in-plane loading stage had an effect on the out-of-plane cracking patterns, decreased the integrity of the isolated infills, and weakened the infill-frame boundary restraints. The behavior of isolated infill walls under combined in-plane and out-of-plane loading was also affected by the effectiveness of boundary constraints. The experimental results demonstrated that reliable boundary constraints were necessary for forming arching mechanisms and preventing rigid body motion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, putative cDNA of five fabp isoforms, i.e., fabp1 , fabp2 , fabp3 , fabp4 , and fabp7 , was cloned and characterized from the liver of Japanese seabass ( Lateolabrax japonicus ), and their expression in response to diets with different arachidonic acid (ARA) levels (0.05%, 0.22%, 0.37%, 0.60%, 1.38% and 2.32% of dry matter) was investigated following a feeding trial. The Japanese seabass fabp s showed high identity to their orthologs in other fish species and mammals. However, a specific fabp of Japanese seabass showed much lower identity to other Japanese seabass fabp s. fabp1 has high expressions in liver and intestine, whereas fabp2 is mainly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. The highest expression level of fabp3 , fabp4, and fabp7 was observed in muscle, eye, and liver respectively. Different tissue expression patterns of fabp2 , fabp4, and fabp7 between Japanese seabass and other teleost may indicate specific evolutionary Fabp functions in Japanese seabass. Moderate levels of dietary ARA (0.37–0.60%) enhanced the gene expressions of fabp1 in liver and intestine, fabp2 in intestine, and fabp3 in intestine, whereas excess dietary ARA levels (1.38–2.323%) were ineffective. The highest level of dietary ARA (2.32%) increased only the expression of fabp3 in muscle compared to the control diet. Gene expressions of fabp3 and fabp7 in liver, and fabp4 in liver, intestine, and muscle were not significantly influenced by dietary ARA. To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the regulation of fabp expressions by dietary ARA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 12-week feeding experiment in indoor flowing seawater system was conducted to investigate the effects of graded levels of dietary fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) on growth performance and lipid accumulation of juvenile turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus ) (initial body weight 4.16 ± 0.01 g). Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets with high plant protein were formulated to contain graded levels of FPH, meanwhile the fish meal was replaced correspondingly by 0% (Diet FPH-0, control), 5% (Diet FPH-5), 10% (Diet FPH-10) and 20% (Diet FPH-20) of total dietary protein, respectively. Quadruplicate groups of 25 fish were fed to apparent satiation twice daily during the feeding trial. The results showed that the specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio, and protein retention was not significantly different among group FPH-0, FPH-5, and FPH-10. The highest level of dietary FPH (FPH-20) significantly reduced the SGR but increased the feed intake compared to the control group. The viscerosomatic index in group FPH-10 and FPH-20 were significantly lower than that in the control group. Fish fed FPH-20 also showed significantly lower crude lipid concentration in whole body than fish fed the control diet. The concentrations of total and neutral lipid in gut were significantly lower in fish fed FPH-10 compared to the control group. For muscle lipid, the polar lipid concentration significantly decreased while the neutral lipid concentration significantly increased with increasing levels of dietary FPH, but no significant difference in total lipid concentration was observed among experimental groups. The lipid concentrations in liver were not significantly different among dietary treatments. With increasing levels of dietary FPH, serum triacylglycerol and cholesterol concentrations significantly decreased. The influence of dietary FPH on tissue fatty acid compositions generally corresponded with that on tissue lipid concentrations. In conclusion, these results suggested that in high plant protein diets FPH replacing fish meal by 10% of total dietary protein did not compromise the growth of juvenile turbot. However, a higher FPH level (replacing fish meal by 20% of total dietary protein) reduced the growth and feed utilization but it increased the feed intake. In the present experimental conditions, the FPH treatments, especially at high levels, significantly modulated the lipid accumulation and fatty acid compositions in turbot tissues, in a dose- and tissue-dependent manner. Statement of Relevance This study provided useful data for the circulatory use of fish processing by-products in fish diets. Also, based on the results of lipid analysis in fish tissues, potential lipid manipulating feed additives could be explored from fish protein hydrolysates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 63-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of Clostridium autoethanogenum protein (CAP) on the growth, digestibility, postprandial free amino acid concentrations in serum, and gene expression related to protein metabolism in obscure pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus). The basal diet with 420 g/kg of fishmeal was used as the control diet (CAP0), and then 20 % (CAP20), 40 % (CAP40) and 80 % (CAP80) dietary fishmeal were replaced by CAP. Compared with diet CAP0, the growth and feed utilization was not affected in fish fed diet CAP20, but was significantly reduced in fish fed diets CAP40 and CAP80 (P < 0.05). The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter and protein in the CAP80 group were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those of the other three groups, and the ADC of lipid was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in the CAP40 and CAP80 groups. Fish fed diets CAP40 and CAP80 had lower taurine content in muscle compared to those fed diets CAP0 and CAP20 (P < 0.05). Higher free essential amino acid concentrations in serum were observed in fish fed diet CAP80 compared to the other diets at 2 h after refeeding (P < 0.05). Fish fed diets CAP40 and CAP80 showed lower hardness and gumminess in muscle than those fed the other diets (P < 0.05). The expression of peptide transporter1 (PepT1) in intestine and target of rapamycin (TOR) in muscle were significantly up-regulated in the CAP40 groups compared to the control (CAP0) (P < 0.05). However, relative expressions of 4F2 heavy chain (4F2hC), L-type amino acid transporter 2 (y+LAT2) and T-type amino acid transporter1(TAT1) in intestine were not significantly affected by graded levels of CAP (P > 0.05). The inclusion of CAP did not significantly affect the expression of ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) and 4E-BP2 (P > 0.05) in muscle and liver. In summary, in a basal diet containing 420 g/kg fishmeal, 20 % fishmeal in diets could be successfully substituted by CAP, while high-level CAP decreased the growth, feed utilization and digestibility in juvenile obscure pufferfish. The main reasons for the inhibition of growth performance were probably that excessive CAP caused dietary taurine deficiency and the imbalance of amino acid absorption. • CAP can partially substitute fishmeal without negative effects on growth and feed utilization in obscure pufferfish. • Fishmeal replacement by CAP significantly up-regulated the expressions of TOR and PepT1 at transcriptional level. • Excessive CAP may cause dietary taurine deficiency and the imbalance of amino acid absorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Starvation and high dietary lipid synergistically increased the muscle lipid. • Starvation mobilized different fatty acids among different tissues of turbot. • The subcutaneous tissue around the fin appears to be a pure lipid storage site. • Starvation affected some muscle texture parameters in a time-dependent manner. • Combined use of starvation and dietary lipid change well regulates fillet quality. The present study was aimed at investigating the interactive effects of starvation and dietary lipid level in the previous feeding period on lipid-related composition of turbot. Turbot with an average initial body weight of 26 g were firstly fed diets with different lipid levels, namely, 8%, 12%, and 16%, for 9 weeks, and then subjected to starvation for 30 days. Each diet was fed to sextuplicate tanks of 35 fish in the feeding trial. Tissue samples were collected at the end of the feeding trial and at 10, 20, and 30 days after starvation. The results showed that 30-day starvation decreased the lipid content in the liver and the subcutaneous tissue around the fin (STF), but increased the lipid content in the muscle. A synergetic increase of muscle lipid by starvation and dietary lipid level was observed. Starvation mobilized different fatty acids among the three tissues, namely, MUFA (16:1n-7 and 18:1n-9) in the muscle, SFA (14:0 and 16:0), MUFA (16:1n-7, 18:1n-9 and 20:1n-9), and 18C-PUFA (18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3) in the liver, and unexpectedly n-3 PUFA (18:3n-3, EPA, and DHA) in the STF, respectively. The 30-day starvation decreased the muscle hardness and resilience, but affected other texture parameters in a starvation time-dependent manner. Up-regulation of expression of lipolytic genes by starvation occurred later in the STF than in the liver. Interactive effects of starvation and dietary lipid level were observed mainly on tissue fatty acid compositions. Results of this study suggested that combined manipulation of starvation time and dietary lipid level could be used as an effective means of fish quality regulation in terms of lipid/fatty acid-related composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the lipid composition characteristics in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes), and Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus), three important aquaculture species having different lipid storage patterns. All fish were fed the same diet for 9 weeks prior to analysis, in order to minimize the effects of their respective previous diets. Lipid concentration, fatty acid composition, and lipid metabolism-related biochemical parameters in various tissues of these three species analyzed. Gallbladder bile acid profile and muscle texture were also analyzed. Results of this study evidenced that turbot, tiger puffer, and Japanese seabass used subcutaneous adipose tissue, liver, and intraperitoneal adipose tissue as the predominant lipid storage site, respectively. Japanese seabass muscle had the highest contents of total lipid and triacylglycerol, and tiger puffer muscle had the lowest lipid content but the highest hardness. Low DHA/EPA ratio and high 18:0 and n-6 PUFA contents were the most distinctive characteristic of muscle fatty acid profile in Japanese seabass and tiger puffer, respectively. The analysis of cholesterol and gallbladder bile acid profile also provided basic information for lipid physiology in farmed fish having different lipid storage patterns. In conclusion, the lipid storage pattern in marine teleost probably largely determines the lipid composition characteristics. • Different lipid scenarios were depicted in three lean aquaculture fish species. • Tiger puffer muscle had the lowest lipid content but the highest hardness. • Japanese seabass muscle had low DHA/EPA ratio, and tiger puffer had high 18:0. • Japanese seabass had high cholesterol and bile acid contents in all the tissues. • The lipid storage pattern may determine the lipid composition characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A feeding trial was conducted to test the efficacy of the fish oil-finishing strategy in a lean marine teleost, tiger puffer (average initial body weight, 19.50 g). During the 50-day growing-out period, fish was fed diets differing only in supplemented lipid source (6% of dry dietary matter), namely, fish oil (FO), tiger puffer liver oil (TO), linseed oil (LO), soybean oil (SO), rapeseed oil (RO), palm oil (PO), and beef tallow (BT). In the fish oil-fishing period, all the fish were fed diet FO for 30 days. The results showed that the fish oil-finishing strategy restored the muscle DHA content in terrestrially sourced oil (TSO)-based groups to be 82.8–91.6% of that in fish fed fish oil continuously. Compared to DHA, muscle EPA was less easily retained during the growing-out period, but more easily restored during the fish oil-finishing period. Compared to muscle, the LC-PUFA contents in liver of tiger puffer were much lower and more difficult to restore by the fish oil-finishing strategy. LO, RO and BT resulted in significant growth reduction than FO at the end of growing-out period, but this reduction no longer existed at the end of the fish oil-finishing period. Compensatory effects of fish oil re-feeding were also observed for LC-PUFA deposition. Very little difference was observed in fish proximate composition, somatic parameters, and muscle texture among dietary groups during the whole feeding period, but the lipid metabolism-related biochemical parameters in the serum were significantly affected by diet. Liver oil of farmed tiger puffer can be used a suitable and safe lipid source for diets of tiger puffer, and beef tallow seems a better dietary lipid source for tiger puffer than other TSO in terms of easy restoration of LC-PUFA and growth by the fish oil-finishing strategy. In conclusion, the fish oil-finishing strategy had high efficiency in restoring LC-PUFA and growth of tiger puffer previously fed TSO-based diets. • DHA was easily retained in muscle of tiger puffer fed terrestrial oils. • The fish oil-finishing had high efficiency in restoring LC-PUFA in tiger puffer. • Compensatory effects of fish oil-finishing existed for both LC-PUFA and growth. • Liver oil of tiger puffer and beef tallow are good lipid sources for tiger puffer. • Fish proximate composition and muscle texture were not affected by dietary oils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A skeletal reaction scheme was proposed for NH 3 -SCR of NO over nano-γ Fe 2 O 3 surface. • NH 3 dehydrogenation reaction is rate determining step but it still precede V-based catalyst. • Oxygen could promote the ammonia dehydrogenation reaction so as to improve the efficiency of de-NOx. • NO 2 is easily formed on the surface of nano-γFe 2 O 3 surface and participate in fast SCR reaction. • N 2 O is not easily formed on the surface of nano-γFe 2 O 3 surface which means the catalyst has good selectivity. The surface reaction process of γFe 2 O 3 catalyst for NO x removal with NH 3 was studied by the first principles and density functional theory. The results show that the NH 3 molecule is easily adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst, then dehydrogenated to produce NH 2 , NH and other products, yet most of the products are NH 2 since the activation energy barrier from NH 2 to NH is high under anaerobic condition. The next main step is that NH 2 reacts with gaseous NO to generate NH 2 NO intermediate products, and then it decomposes to N 2 and H 2 O. The NH 3 dehydrogenation is the rate determining step with the activation energy barrier of 88.040 kJ/mol. However, the NH fragment will be formed when oxygen exists since the activation energy barrier from NH 2 to NH reduces under aerobic condition. After its formation, the NH fragment will combine with NO to yield NHNO and decomposes to N 2 and hydroxyl. In addition, NO 2 can be produced on the surface by the absorbed NO reacting with an active O atom, and the NO 2 can carry out fast SCR process. Otherwise, the N 2 O is not easily formed on the surface of γFe 2 O 3 catalyst which means that the catalyst has good selectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]