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The main aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of aspirin combined with ginkgolide injection on cerebral ischemic stroke model rats and its effect on extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (REK1/2) signaling pathway, and to clarify the possible mechanism of aspirin combined with ginkgolide injection on neuroprotective mechanism. Experimental rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group, aspirin group, ginkgolide group and combination group (aspirin + ginkgolide injection) (n = 20). The results revealed scores of neurological dysfunction and infarct volume in aspirin group, ginkgolide group and combination group rats were lower than those in model group (P < 0.05). Score of neurological dysfunction and the volume of cerebral infarction in combination group rats were lower than those in aspirin group and ginkgolide group (P < 0.05). Combination of aspirin and ginkgolide injection could better reduce brain water content, reduce apoptosis rate of cortical cells P < 0.05, reduce expression levels of caspase-3, Bax and p-REK1/2 proteins in ischemic brain tissue P < 0.05, and increase expression level of Bcl-2 protein than aspirin and ginkgolide injection alone P < 0.05). In conclusion, the synergistic neuroprotective effect of aspirin and ginkgolide injection on cerebral ischemic stroke rats is better than that of aspirin and ginkgolide injection alone. The mechanism of action may be that the two compounds can play a synergistic role and inhibit the activation of REK1/2 signaling pathway, thus inhibiting apoptosis of nerve cells and exerting neuroprotective effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experiment of hull girder model subjected to near field underwater explosion at midship is implemented. High-speed photography is applied to achieve the time history of hog displacement of the hull girder model subjected to shock wave of undex. The determination method of hog distortion using these show-motion pictures is presented. The experiment also achieves the local plate distortion of the hull girder model. Based on these works, the damage mechanism and mode of hull girder subjected to near field undex at midship are discovered. Finally, the coupling effect between whole motion of hull girder and distortion of local structure is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines how two social factors (perceived social injustice and social dominance orientation) relate to the likelihood of cyberbullying. Online experiments involving 12 hypothesized social injustice scenarios in the work place tested the impact of these two social factors on the likelihood of cyberbullying across adult samples drawn from two countries (USA and China). Results revealed that (a) perceived distributive injustice positively predicts the likelihood of cyberbullying; (b) social dominance orientation negatively predicts three types of perceived social injustice; (c) and social dominance orientation positively predicts the likelihood of cyberbullying. The analyses revealed only one significant difference between results from the USA versus Chinese samples. These findings indicate that social factors (social injustice and social dominance orientation) can influence cyberbullying dynamics across multiple nationalities. • Perceived distributive injustice increases the likelihood of cyberbullying. • Acceptance of unfairness increases the likelihood of cyberbullying. • Acceptance of unfairness decreases perceived social injustice. • People in different nations differ in their perceived interactional injustice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The MFe 2 O 4 (M = Mn, Co, and Ni) mesoporous spheres with an average diameter of 250 nm were synthesized through a template-free hydrothermal method. The mesoporous MnFe 2 O 4 with a large surface area of 87.5 m 2 /g and an average pore size of 27.52 nm were obtained. As the anode materials for Li-ion batteries, the mesoporous MnFe 2 O 4 exhibits excellent initial charge and discharge capacities of 1010 and 642.5 mA h/g. After 50 cycles, the discharge capacity could still remain at 379 mA h/g. The results showed that the active phase and the synergy between different metal oxides greatly improved the electrochemical performance, and the mesoporous composite could stabilize the structure of the electrodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The multi layers structure made of Ti-Al intermetallic are meet the request both light weight and resistant to elevated temperatures in the aerospace vehicle. Powder metallurgy (P/M) Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy was prepared by hot pressed sintering at 1050 ˚C for 1 h under a pressure of 35 MPa. The flow behavior of a P/M Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy was evaluated by applying a series of compression tests with height reduction of 50% performed in a temperature range of 940-1070 ˚C and a strain rate range of 0.001-1s -1 . The hot deformation behavior of the P/M Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy was investigated by using the true stress-true strain behavior analysis, processing maps and the standard kinetic analysis. Processing maps at the strain of 0.4 and 0.6 were constructed on the basis of dynamic material model theory by applying the flow stress data obtained from isothermal compression tests. The Ti-22Al-25Nb sintered alloy was applied to manufacture three-layer structure part. The forming process was divided into hot bending and diffusion bonding. The hot bending of core sheet was performed at 1100 ˚C in a vacuum furnace. The diffusion bonding of three layers sheets was carried out at 1200 ˚C for 120 min and 10 MPa. The microstructures of the core sheet bending forming and bonding joint of three layers sheets was analyzed by SEM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MnOOH multilayer nanowires have been successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method. It is found that the uniform multilayer structure of nanowires ran through the entire nanowire, which is formed via a layer by layer. The electrochemical properties of MnOOH multilayer nanowires as an anode material for Li-ion batteries (LIB) were investigated, and excellent capacity retention, superior cycling performance, and high rate capability were achieved. Specifically, the reversible capacity of MnOOH multilayer nanowires is 521 mAh/g after 500 cycles at 0.1 C, with excellent electrochemical stability. The multilayer nanowire electrodes exhibit short electron path lengths, high internal dislocation densities and large surface to volume ratio, resulting in increased specific capacity, cycling stability and rate performance in the energy storage devices, which serves as an indication of their potential application in LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed at investigating the removal performance of the gravity-driven membrane (GDM) system in treating the heavy metals-containing secondary effluent, as well as evaluating the respective roles of Fe and Mn addition on the removal of heavy metals. GDM process with the formation of biocake layer exerted effective removals of Cr, Pb and Cd, with an average removal efficiency of 98%, 95% and 40%, respectively, however, after removing the biocake layer, the removal efficiencies of Cr, Pb and Cd reduced to 59%, 85% and 19%, respectively, indicating that the biocake layer played a fundamental role in removing heavy metals. With the assistance of Fe, the removal efficiency of heavy metals increased, and exhibited a positive response to the Fe dosage, due to the adsorption by the freshly generated iron oxides. On the contrary, the Mn involvement would result in the reduction of Cd removal due to the competitive adsorption of residual dissolved Mn2+ and Cd. Furthermore, the addition of a high dosage of Fe increased the diversity of eukaryotic communities and facilitated the elimination of heavy metals, however, the involvement of Mn would lead to a reduction in microbial diversity, resulting in a decrease of heavy metal removal efficiency. These findings are expected to develop new tactics to enhance heavy metal removal and promote widespread application of GDM technology in the fields of deep treatment of heavy metals-containing wastewater and reclamation of secondary effluent. [Display omitted] • More than 95% removal efficiency of Cr and Pb was obtained by GDM process. • Biocake layer played the fundamental role in the removal of heavy metals. • Higher removal efficiency of heavy metals was achieved with Fe addition. • Cd removal was decreased due to the competitive adsorption with residual Mn2+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A low flux level of the gravity-driven membrane (GDM) process constrained its extensive application in treating the secondary effluent. In this study, different operation modes were introduced to the GDM process without aeration, backwashing, and chemical cleanings, hoping to develop simple and economic flux regulating strategies, and their influences on the filtration performances and biocake layer characteristics were systematically investigated. The results indicated that the stable fluxs in the intermittent GDM systems elevated by 40%–100% relative to the continuous GDM case, attributing to the synergetic effects of forming more permeable, mushroom-like structures and reducing the concentrations of EPS and SMP within biocake layers. The quantitative analysis of biocake layer properties suggested that the structural parameters of porosity and absolute roughness were closely related to the flux variation compared to the thickness and relative roughness. Besides, the intermittent GDM system generated an apparent detachment of the biocake layer from the membrane surface along with a persistent flux increase than in the continuous GDM case during long-term filtration, achieving its self-sustained operation in a higher flux level without any interferences. The periodical flux recovery and decline occurred daily in each intermittent GDM system since the biocake layer attached to the membrane surface was mainly reversible. Although there were no significant differences in removing dissolved organic pollutants under different operation modes, the manganese removals decreased by 0%–25% in the intermittent GDM filtrations compared to the continuous GDM scenario. The optimized daily operation mode was 16 h on / 8 h off (operation of 16 h, interruption of 8 h), considering the trade-off effects between membrane flux level and water production. These findings provide a new simply-feasible optimized GDM process operation strategy and benefit promoting the application of the GDM system in the reclamation of wastewater. [Display omitted] • Stable flux of intermittent GDM systems was elevated by 40%–100% depending on standstill time. • Intermittent filtrations positively influenced the characteristics of the biocake layer. • Optimized daily filtration mode was 16 h on/8 h off, considering flux and water production. • Self-sustained operation in a high flux level was achieved under intermittent conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Two step supported liquid membranes with strip dispersion was investigated. [•] SAM was successfully separated from a fermentation broth. [•] MiniModule® module and the mixed extractants of AOT, DEHPA and TOPO were adopted. [•] SAM recovery efficiency 91.8%, Met removal efficiency 85.4% were gained within 5h. [•] The mass transport kinetics was analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Ultrasound and heating synergistically inactivated proteases of chicken meat. • Ultrasound combined low-temperature short-time heating (ULTSTH) inactivation of meat proteases obey the first order kinetics. • Compared to chilling, ULTSTH maintains better texture and microstructure of meat. • ULTSTH pretreatment inhibited oxidation of breast meat during storage. • ULTSTH inactivated the bacteria and extended shelf life of the breast meat. This study aimed to investigate the effect of combined ultrasound and low-temperature short-time heating (ULTSTH) (40 kHz, 0.2 W/cm2 at 55 °C for 15 min) as pretreatment on proteases inactivation and textural quality of yellow-feathered chicken (YFC). Results showed ultrasound and low-temperature heating synergistically improved the inactivation of the most important meat proteases, calpain, cathepsin B and total proteases, with kinetics following the first order decay(s). Degradation of meat proteins was effectively reduced by ULTSTH compared to the pretreatment of chilling. Importantly, ULTSTH increased the firmness of breast meat and led to improved texture and microstructure. Lipid and protein oxidation of meat pretreated with ULTSTH were reduced during refrigerated storage period. Additionally, microorganisms in meat were inactivated by ULTSTH, which resulted in an obvious increase in the shelf life of meat. These findings suggested that ULTSTH is promising as an alternative pretreatment to obtain a favorable textural quality of YFC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]