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La artritis psoriásica (APs) es un trastorno inflamatorio crónico que afecta principalmente a las articulaciones y las entesis. Además, se asocia con el s í ndrome depresivo (SD), la enfermedad cardiovascular, la hipertensión (HTA), la diabetes mellitus (DM), la obesidad y la psoriasis (Pso). Existen pocos estudios dirigidos a analizar la asociación de la afectación del aparato locomotor con las alteraciones de la calidad sexual (CS). Se propuso un estudio observacional transversal en pacientes diagnosticados de APs, a los que aplicaron cuestionarios validados autoaplicados para determinar alteraciones de la CS: MGH-SFQ y CSFQ-14, que valoran los cuatro dominios de la función sexual; Qualisex y DLQI diseñados para patolog í a articular y dermatológica respectivamente, que exploran aspectos sexuales. El objetivo fue describir la existencia de alteraciones sexuales de pacientes con APs, analizar la asociación entre las caracter í sticas sociodemográficas, comorbilidades (Pso, SD, factores de riesgo cardiovascular) y los tratamientos de los pacientes sobre la CS y describir diferencias de CS en función del género. Se valoraron 72 pacientes y se observó que las variables de los pacientes con APs que se asociaron con mayor fuerza con puntuaciones más bajas en CS fueron ser mujer y la edad en el CSFQ-14 y MGH-SFQ; el nivel de ingresos, el tratamiento con AINE, la dislipemia (DL) y la depresión se asociaron a peores resultados en algunos dominios de la esfera sexual. Los pacientes con APs presentaban una CS deteriorada, especialmente mujeres, de mayor edad, bajo nivel de ingresos y DL. Los tratamientos antiinflamatorios se asociaron con mejor CS. Globalmente, la enfermedad crónica y la carga psicológica de padecerla se comportaron como factores predisponentes de disfunción sexual. Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects the joints and entheses. In addition, it is associated with depressive syndrome (DS), cardiovascular disease, hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity and psoriasis (Pso). There are few studies aimed to analyze the association of the involvement of the musculoskeletal system with sexual function (SF). A cross-sectional observational study was proposed in patients diagnosed with PsA, to whom self-administered validated questionnaires were applied to determine alterations in SF: MGH-SFQ and CSFQ-14, which assess the 4 domains of sexual function; Qualisex and DLQI designed for joint and dermatological pathology respectively, which explore sexual aspects. The objective was to describe the existence of altered sexual function in patients with PsA; analyze the association between sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities (Pso, DS, cardiovascular risk factors) and the treatments of patients on SF; and describe differences of SF according to gender. 72 patients were evaluated. It was observed that the variables of patients with PsA that were associated with lower scores in SF were gender and age in the CSFQ-14 and MGH-SFQ; annual incomes, treatment with NSAIDs, DL and depression were associated with worse results in some domains of the sexual sphere. Patients with PsA had impaired SF, especially women, elder patiens, those with low annual incomes, DL and emotional disorders. Anti-inflammatory treatments were associated with better SF. Globally, the chronic disease and the psychological burden behaved as factors associated with sexual dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Macrophages are major host cells for the protozoan Leishmania parasite. Depending on their activation state, they either contribute to the detection and elimination of Leishmania spp. or promote parasite resilience. Here, we report that the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in macrophages plays a pivotal role in the progression of Leishmania infantum infection by controlling inflammation and redox balance of macrophages. We also highlight the involvement of the NOX2/reactive oxygen species (ROS) axis in early Nrf2 activation and, subsequently, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)/EP2r signaling in the sustenance of Nrf2 activation upon infection. Moreover, we establish a ferroptosis-like process within macrophages as a cell death program of L. infantum and the protective effect of Nrf2 in macrophages against L. infantum death. Altogether, these results identify Nrf2 as a critical factor for the susceptibility of L. infantum infection, highlighting Nrf2 as a promising pharmacological target for the development of therapeutic approaches for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. [Display omitted] • ROS and the PGE2/EP2 axis mediate Nrf2 activation in MΦs to promote L.i. growth • Nrf2 promotes L.i. infection via an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory profile of MΦs • Nrf2 in MΦs protects L.i. from lipid peroxidation, preventing its death by ferroptosis Blot et al. demonstrate that Nrf2 is a critical transcription factor that protects Leishmania infantum from lipid peroxidation and death by a ferroptosis-like process through the induction of an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory profile of macrophages. Hence, pharmacological inhibition of Nrf2 constitutes a promising target for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Las enfermedades inflamatorias inmunomediadas (IMID) predisponen a un aumento del riesgo infeccioso al modificar la respuesta inmune del huésped, que resulta crucial para la resolución de la infección por SARS-CoV-2. Las últimas publicaciones indican que los pacientes con IMID y sus tratamientos de base no empeoran el pronóstico de la infección por SARS-CoV-2. Describir las características clínicas y la evolución de pacientes con IMID que requirieron ingreso hospitalario por infección por SARS-CoV-2. En segundo lugar, comparar las características clínicas y la evolución entre pacientes que requirieron ingreso hospitalario por infección por SARS-CoV-2 con IMID y aquellos que no la presentaban. Estudio observacional de cohortes retrospectivo, que incluyó pacientes ingresados por sospecha de SARS-CoV-2, tratados según el criterio médico y los protocolos basados en la evidencia científica. La recogida de datos clínicos se realizó por descarga directa o mediante revisión manual de la historia clínica electrónica. El análisis estadístico determinó las diferencias de características y evolución clínica de la infección en pacientes con IMID. De los 612 pacientes revisados, 23 padecían IMID y 9 de ellos fueron diagnosticados de infección por SARS-CoV-2. No se observó correlación entre infección por SARS-CoV-2 e IMID. Los pacientes con IMID presentaban mayor prevalencia de enfermedad cardiovascular y obesidad, aunque no significativamente. Asimismo, los pacientes con IMID no presentaron una evolución clínica durante el ingreso hospitalario diferente respecto al resto de pacientes. Las IMID y los tratamientos de las mismas no determinan el pronóstico del ingreso hospitalario de la infección por SARS-CoV-2. Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) predispose to a higher infection risk by modifying the host's immune response, which acts as a key factor in SARS-CoV-2 infection resolution. Recent publications show that IMID patients and its treatments do not worsen the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection. To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with IMID who required hospital admission due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Secondly, to compare clinical characteristics and outcomes between patients who required hospital admission due to SARS-CoV-2 infection with IMID and those who were not affected. We performed an observational retrospective cohort study, including admitted patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection, treated according to medical criteria and local protocols based on the best available scientific evidence. Clinical data were collected from their electronical clinical history. Statistical analysis determined the differences in the characteristics and clinical outcome of the infection in IMID patients. Of a total number of 612 revised patients, 23 had an IMID and 9 of them were positive for the SARS-CoV-2 infection. We did not observe a correlation between these two disorders. There was a higher frequency of obesity and cardiovascular disease among IMID patients, but without statistical significance. The clinical outcomes were no different between hospitalized IMID and non IMID patients. IMID and its treatments do not determine the outcome of patients admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To describe the injury incidence according to each phase of menstrual cycle (MC) in professional futsal players along two consecutive season and, secondly, to compare the injury incidence and frequency between different phases of the MC. Prospective cohort study. Elite futsal players. 179 players. Players were registered along two consecutive seasons. 191 injuries were reported throughout both seasons. The injury incidence was 30.63 days-off during the follicular phase, 23.6 during ovulatory phase and 17.59 days-off in luteal phase, showing higher incidence during the follicular phase. No statistical differences (p > 0.05) were reported for any variable comparing among the three phases of MC. This study suggests the relevance to track the MC, but reduces its possible relationship or influence on the injury distribution during each phase of the MC. The knowledge of injury incidence, burden and etiology is a key factor to design injury prevention programs with the focus on the most common injuries, where MC could be included as a complementary factor. • Injury incidence and injury burden did not show statistical differences among follicular, ovulatory and luteal phases. • Two of each three sprains happened during the follicular phase. • No differences in injury incidence were shown in variables like: type of session, day of week or phase of session. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows the evaluation of the performance of a ground-coupled heat pump system monitored building providing heating, ventilating and air conditioning to an office building located in Madrid, in Spain. The system consists of one borehole exchanger, heat pump unit, radiant floor system, mechanical ventilation and data control system. A simulation model was performed with EnergyPlus software and validated. The analyzed period corresponds to the most unfavorable weather conditions in heating and cooling mode. The coefficient of performance obtained in heating and cooling mode was 3.86/5.29, considering all the energy consumption elements of the building and the thermal demand corresponding to an office operation. The CO 2 emissions obtained with a value of 34.68 kg corresponding to the period analyzed represents a low CO 2 emission system. The monitored temperatures reached set point values of 22 °C/25 °C, considered as acceptable comfort temperatures. The values obtained in the validated simulation model presented a deviation of 2% respected experimental results in heating and cooling mode. A comparative of COP sys and CO 2 emissions with other technologies is performed in order to analyze GCHP compared to other available technologies. The GCHP system is presented as a technology that can fully supply the HVAC conditions for a building and environmentally friendly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Soil organic carbon (SOC)-mediated ecosystem services (ES) had the highest sensitivity to SOC changes in Semiarid Chaco. • SOC-mediated ES had the lowest sensitivity to SOC changes in East Southern Pampa. • Semiarid Chaco sub-region have a highly fragile environment. • Agricultural production should be increased by increasing crop yields instead of planted surface. • It is fundamental to improve our knowledge regarding critical thresholds of SOC. The basis and essence of life on earth depends on soil health, and its main indicator is the soil organic carbon (SOC) content. Hence, SOC stock is a key component for the supply of many ecosystem services (SOC-mediated ES), such as erosion protection, nutrient cycling, water regulation, and climate regulation. Land use changes from natural ecosystems into agricultural systems generally deplete SOC stocks. Therefore, agricultural production usually involves trade-off relations with SOC-mediated ES supply. This paper assessed the trade-offs between agricultural production and SOC-mediated ES supply in six sub-regions of Argentina: East Southern Pampa, West Southern Pampa, Flooding Pampa, Central Pampa, Rolling Pampa and Semiarid Chaco. In the Semiarid Chaco, overall SOC-mediated ES supply had the highest sensitivity to SOC changes, and the lowest sensitivity to natural cover removal. In East Southern Pampa, overall SOC-mediated ES supply had the lowest sensitivity to SOC changes and the highest to natural cover removal. The differences in sensitivity of overall SOC-mediated ES supply to the changes in SOC could be explained by soil texture, which is finer at East Southern Pampa. The differences in sensitivity of overall SOC-mediated ES supply to natural cover removal could be associated with the initial SOC stocks, which is lower in the Semiarid Chaco. The high sensitivity of SOC-mediated ES to SOC change and the low levels of SOC-mediated ES supply found in the Semiarid Chaco sub-region suggests that it is a highly fragile environment. The agricultural expansion over natural areas led to trade-offs between production and SOC-mediated ES supply. However, increasing crop yields would lead to win-win situations, by positive effects on agricultural production and SOC-mediated ES supply. Hence, agricultural production should be increased by increasing crop yields rather than expanding cropland and/or pasture over natural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Detection of volatile nitrogen bases based on luminescence quenching of CuNCs. • In-drop luminescent assays are facilitated by hydrophobic cellulose substrates. • The determination of TMA-N and TVB-N in fish samples is demonstrated. • Rapid and affordable fish freshness monitoring with smartphone-based readout. In this work, two sensitive droplet-based luminescent assays with smartphone readout for the determination of trimethylamine nitrogen (TMA-N) and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) are reported. Both assays exploit the luminescence quenching of copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) produced when exposed to volatile nitrogen bases. In addition, hydrophobic-based cellulose substrates demonstrated their suitability as holders for both in-drop volatile enrichment and subsequent smartphone-based digitization of the enriched colloidal solution of CuNCs. Under optimal conditions, enrichment factors of 181 and 153 were obtained with the reported assays for TMA-N and TVB-N, respectively, leading to methodological LODs of 0.11 mg/100 g and 0.27 mg/100 g for TMA-N and TVB-N, respectively. The repeatability, expressed as RSD, was 5.2% and 5.6% for TMA-N and TVB-N, respectively (N = 8). The reported luminescent assays were successfully applied to the analysis of fish samples, showing statistically comparable results to those obtained with the reference methods of analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the main terrestrial carbon (C) reservoir. Land use change has depleted SOC stocks and released large amounts of C dioxide (CO 2 ). Thus, the development of reliable tools for SOC stock monitoring at large scale is fundamental to face climate change. Argentinean Semiarid Chaco (ASC) is a deforestation hotspot, but CO 2 emissions from soil has been barely assessed. Deforested area was converted into cropland or grassland. We used empirical data to model SOC stocks under native forest (SOCref) and the RothC model to estimate SOC stock change factors under cropland (Fc) and grasslands (Fg) in the ASC. These SOCref's and stock change factors were applied in a Tier 2 (T2) C inventory, following the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) proposal. We used SOC vertical distribution models to estimate SOC stock at 0–100 cm soil depth from estimated SOC stocks at 0–30 cm, the default soil depth of IPCC C inventory method. The T2 was run for 1976 through 2012 and under three hypothetical land use change scenarios for 2012 through 2032. The scenarios were: i) land use change ceases, ii) land use change rate is the half of 1996–2012 land use change rate, and iii) land use change rate remains as in 1996–2012. Estimated average SOCref stock at 0–30 cm soil depth was 40 Mg C ha −1 and varied between 35 and 51 Mg C ha −1 . Cropland was the main fate of deforested area and the land use with lower SOC stocks. Stock change factors and SOC stocks estimated with T2 were within the range of the empirical data reported in the ASC. However, research about SOC dynamics and land use change is incipient in the ASC and more empirical information is needed to validate T2 estimations. Deforestation in the ASC leads to high CO 2 emissions from soil and the only scenario in which those emissions would be reduced is with deforestation cessation. Soil depth considered in greenhouse gas inventories is 0–30 cm, and this strongly underestimates CO 2 emissions. We demonstrated that this limitation could be overcome by using SOC vertical distribution models to estimate deep SOC stock (up to 1 m) from estimated surface SOC stock. Hence, these models could be used to improve CO 2 estimations from SOC inventories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina and Theileria equi are worldwide tick-borne hemoprotozoan that cause diseases characterized by fever, anemia, weight loss and abortion. A common feature of these diseases are transition from acute to chronic phases, in which parasites may persist in the host for life, and becoming a reservoir for tick transmission. The live-attenuated vaccines for B. bovis and B. bigemina are not available for worldwide use due to legal restrictions and other concerns such as potential erythrocyte antigen and pathogen contamination, and a vaccine for T. equi is not available. The use of chemotherapeutics is essential to treat and control these diseases, but several studies have shown the development of drug-resistance by these parasites, and safe and effective alternative drugs are needed. Tulathromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, has proven to be effective against a vast range of bacteria and Plasmodium yoelli , a Babesia and Theileria related intra-erythrocytic apicomplexan. Draxxin ® (tulathromycin) is currently licensed to treat infections that cause respiratory diseases in cattle in several countries. In this study, the activity of Draxxin ® was tested in vitro on cultured B. bovis, B. bigemina and T. equi . Addition of the drug to in vitro cultures resulted in cessation of parasite replication of the three species tested, B. bovis, B. bigemina and T. equi , with estimated IC 50 of 16.7 ± 0.6 nM; 6.2 ± 0.2 nM and 2.4 ± 0.1 nM, respectively, at 72 h. Furthermore, neither parasites nor parasite DNA were detectable in cultures treated with IC 100 , suggesting Draxxin ® is a highly effective anti- Babesia / Theileria drug. Importantly, the IC 50 calculated for Draxxin ® for the Babesia/Theileria parasites tested is lower that the IC 50 calculated for some drugs currently in use to control these parasites. Collectively, the data strongly support in vivo testing of Draxxin ® for the treatment of bovine babesiosis and equine piroplasmosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land use change affects soil organic carbon (SOC) and generates CO 2 emissions. Moreover, SOC depletion entails degradation of soil functions that support ecosystem services. Large areas covered by dry forests have been cleared in the Semiarid Chaco Region of Argentina for cropping expansion. However, deforestation impacts on the SOC stock and its distribution in the soil profile have been scarcely reported. We assessed these impacts based on the analysis of field data along a time-since-deforestation-for-cropping chronosequence, and remote sensing indices. Soil organic C was determined up to 100 cm depth and physically fractionated into mineral associated organic carbon (MAOC) and particulate organic C (POC). Models describing vertical distribution of SOC were fitted. Total SOC, POC and MAOC stocks decreased markedly with increasing cropping age. Particulate organic C was the most sensitive fraction to cultivation. After 10 yr of cropping SOC loss was around 30%, with greater POC loss (near 60%) and smaller MAOC loss (near 15%), at 0–30 cm depth. Similar relative SOC losses were observed in deeper soil layers (30–60 and 60–100 cm). Deforestation and subsequent cropping also modified SOC vertical distribution. Soil organic C loss was negatively associated with the proportion of maize in the rotation and total crop biomass inputs, but positively associated with the proportion of soybean in the rotation. Without effective land use polices, deforestation and agricultural expansion can lead to rapid soil degradation and reductions in the provision of important ecosystem services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction This study evaluated the bending resistance and cyclic fatigue life of a new single-file reciprocating instrument (Unicone; Medin, Nové Město na Moravě, Czech Republic). Reciproc (VDW, Munich, Germany) and WaveOne (Dentsply Maillefer) instruments were used as references for comparison. Methods Flexibility was determined by 45° bending tests using a universal testing machine. The cyclic fatigue test was performed using a custom-made device. For this test, an artificial canal with a 60° angle and a 5-mm radius of curvature was used. Scanning electron microscopic analysis was performed to determine the mode of fracture and possible deformations at the helical shaft. Statistical analysis for the bending resistance test was performed using parametric methods (ie, 1-way analysis of variance). Post hoc pair-wise comparisons were performed using the Tukey test for multiple comparisons ( P < .05). Weibull analysis was used to calculate the mean life, beta, and eta parameters. Results Reciproc presented significantly lower bending resistance than the other tested systems ( P < .05), whereas no differences were observed between WaveOne and Unicone ( P > .05). When mean life was compared among the brands, Reciproc lasted longer than WaveOne with a probability of 99.9%, longer than Unicone in the “RECIPROC ALL” mode with a probability of 99.9%, and longer than Unicone in the “WAVEONE ALL” mode with a probability of 99.9% (all statistically significant). Moreover, WaveOne lasted longer than Unicone in the “RECIPROC ALL” mode with a probability of 98.5% and longer than Unicone in the “WAVEONE ALL” mode with a probability of 99.8% (all statistically significant). Finally, Unicone in the “RECIPROC ALL” mode lasted longer than Unicone in the “WAVEONE ALL” mode with a probability of 95.3% (statistically significant). Conclusions The new reciprocating instrument Unicone showed lower cyclic fatigue resistance compared with Reciproc R25 and WaveOne Primary files. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brown rot of stone fruit is caused by three species of Monilinia , Monilinia laxa , M. fructigena , and M. fructicola . Eleven components of 20 different isolates of each of the three Monilinia species were analyzed to determine distinct aggressiveness and growth characteristics among the three fungi. M. fructicola showed the greatest lesion diameter, and the lowest incubation and latency period on fruit postharvest, however isolates of M. fructigena exhibited less aggressiveness components. Five growth characteristics of M. fructicola could be used to distinguish M. fructicola from the other two species. The dendrogram generated from only the presence of sclerotia and lesion length on infected fruit separated the 60 isolates into two clusters ( r = 0.93). One cluster was composed of the M. laxa and M. fructigena isolates and the other cluster comprised the M. fructicola isolates. However, the dendrogram generated based on the presence of stromata and sclerotia in the same colony of the three species when they were grown on potato dextrose agar, and the lesion diameter on fruit infected with each species separated the 60 isolates into three clusters ( r = 0.81). Each cluster comprised the isolates of each of three Monilinia spp. We discussed the effect of M. fructicola growth and aggressiveness differences on the displacement of M. laxa and M. fructigena by M. fructicola recorded in Spanish peach orchards and their effect on brown rot at postharvest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monte Carlo (MC) neutron transport codes have been extensively used for more than three decades to perform criticality calculations and to solve shielding problems due to their capability to model complex systems without major approximations. The irruption of affordable low-cost high performance computer resources in the last decade allows to consider some initially unexpected applications, such as full core burnup calculations or cell level modeling for few group parameters calculations. In this work the concern of the potential use of Monte Carlo codes to perform full 3-D calculations including burnup for a state of art Research Reactor is analyzed, regarding aspects related to accuracy, performance and resources requirements. For such purpose Serpent 2 v.1.24 Code, developed by VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland is used for full core burnup calculations of the 20MWth OPAL Research Reactor. This code is the second version of a brand-new Monte Carlo code designed to perform burn dependent cell-level and full 3-D core calculations using optimized schemes to diminish the computational effort. In past works the first version of Serpent Code was tested as a cell-level-code to model the MTR-type fuel assemblies from OPAL Research Reactor, obtaining fairly good results. Further works were developed for full 3-D models, where several parameters such as critical configurations, in-core thermal neutron flux profiles and effective delayed neutron parameters were obtained and compared to experimental data and other codes results, showing a very good performance. In the present work, a full 3-D model is developed using specifications and high quality experimental data from IAEA Technical Report Series. This model is used to perform full-core 3-D calculations including burnup and refueling for the first six operating cycles without the aim of an external calculation code. To perform such task, an ad hoc code to manipulate Serpent 2 restart files was developed in order to model the overall full core burnup problem without the help of any other calculation code. The results were compared with the experimental data available showing a very good agreement. Finally several aspects of the computational issues related with this modeling such performance, scalability and resources requirements are discussed, showing that the use of full core 3-D MC models including burnup for small cores represents nowadays a feasible alternative for specific calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) is an important adhesin of the whooping cough agent Bordetella pertussis and is contained in most acellular pertussis vaccines. Recently, FHA was proposed to exert an immunomodulatory activity through induction of tolerogenic IL-10 secretion from dendritic cells. We have re-evaluated the cytokine-inducing activity of FHA, placing specific emphasis on the role of the residual endotoxin contamination of FHA preparations. We show that endotoxin depletion did not affect the capacity of FHA to bind primary human monocyte-derived dendritic cells, while it abrogated the capacity of FHA to elicit TNF-α and IL-10 secretion and strongly reduced its capacity to trigger IL-6 production. The levels of cytokines induced by the different FHA preparations correlated with their residual contents of B. pertussis endotoxin. Moreover, FHA failed to trigger cytokine secretion in the presence of antibodies that block TLR2 and/or TLR4 signaling. The TLR2 signaling capacity appeared to be linked to the presence of endotoxin-associated components in FHA preparations and not to the FHA protein itself. These results show that the endotoxin-depleted FHA protein does not induce cytokine release from human dendritic cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The grain legume Australian sweet lupin ( Lupinus angustifolius ; ASL) is gaining international interest as a functional food ingredient; however its addition to refined wheat bread has been shown to decrease bread volume and textural quality, the extent of which is influenced by ASL variety. The present study evaluated the effects of ASL incorporation (20% of total flour) of the six commercial varieties; Belara , Coromup , Gungurru , Jenabillup , Mandelup and Tanjil , on the level of nutritional, phytochemical and bioactive composition and protein quality of refined wheat flour bread. Protein, dietary fiber, phenolic and carotenoid content, antioxidant capacity and protein digestibility corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) were higher (p < 0.05), whereas available carbohydrate level was lower (p < 0.05) in ASL–wheat breads than the wheat-only bread, regardless of the ASL variety used. In addition, the blood-glucose lowering bioactive peptide γ-conglutin was detected in all ASL–wheat breads but not in wheat-only bread. The ASL variety used significantly (p < 0.05) affected the dietary fiber, fat, available carbohydrates and polyphenolic level, the antioxidant capacity and the PDCAAS of the ASL–wheat breads. These findings demonstrate the potential nutritional and health benefits of adding ASL to refined wheat bread and highlight the importance of selecting specific ASL varieties to maximise its nutritional attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parametric representations do not cover, in general, the whole geometric object that they parametrize. This can be a problem in practical applications. In this paper we analyze the question for surfaces of revolution generated by real rational profile curves, and we describe a simple small superset of the real zone of the surface not covered by the parametrization. This superset consists, in the worst case, of the union of a circle and the mirror curve of the profile curve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to extend and refine the Ramanujan–Lodge harmonic number expansion into negative powers of a triangular number. We construct a faster asymptotic series and some new sharp inequalities for the harmonic numbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]