Search

The objective of this study involves identifying the key pillars and strategies for managing human resources in ambidextrous organisations. This seeks to grasp how these organisations foster sustainability, success and high levels of organisational performance in response to the demands raised by competitive markets. This correspondingly applied the systematic literature review technique to the Web of Science database. Following the identification of 121 articles, we applied the co-citation and bibliographic coupling analytical techniques in accordance with VOSviewer. This process identified four pillars to the strategic management of human resources in ambidextrous organisations: ambidextrous leadership, ambidextrous management systems, ambidextrous learning and ambidextrous organisational culture that, in turn, highlight various organisational strategies. In academic terms, this generates deep reflections on future lines of research and a better understanding of the relevance of the strategic management of human resources in ambidextrous organisations in addition to clearly portraying a structure underpinning the relationships identified among the pillars and strategies capable of attaining success. • Identification of the basic structures, i.e. their pillars and the strategies that underpin this relationship, in order to promote sustainability, success and high organisational performance by responding to the competitive demands of the markets by creating innovative exploration and exploitation activities. • Systematic literature review. • Four pillars were identified: i) ambidextrous leadership, ii) ambidextrous management systems, iii) ambidextrous learning and iv) ambidextrous organisational culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the growing importance of implementing digital technologies in business contexts, empirical research relating to digital capabilities, innovation, and business performance still remains scarce, particularly relevant in these times of disruption. This study proposes a mediated-moderated framework to describe, according to the level of economic development of the country of firm location, the direct and indirect effects (mediated by digital capabilities and innovation) of knowledge spillovers on firm performance. We carried out a quantitative study deploying the longitudinal World Bank Enterprise Surveys for 2019, 2020 and 2021 in a dataset that included 27,727 firms from 41 countries and territories. We applied the partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) methodological approach to test the mediated-moderated model that explains business performance. The results identify how knowledge spillovers positively influence firm performance through digital capabilities and innovation. Furthermore, we empirically demonstrate that the national level of economic development moderates the direct and indirect impacts of knowledge spillovers on firm performance. • Our study advances on knowledge spillover theory. • We present a mediated-moderated framework to assist the effects of knowledge spillovers on firm performance. • This study examines how digital capabilities impact the relationship between knowledge spillovers and company performance. • Our research shows how knowledge spillovers drive innovation and improve firms' performance, leading to value creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurship has been indicated as a fundamental approach to solve a number of social and economic problems. For that reason, it is important to understand the factors that influence the entrepreneurial intention, particularly at moments in life when people have to make decisions about their careers. This study aims to analyse the entrepreneurial intention of higher education students, particularly in the area of sport, and analyse whether this entrepreneurial intention is affected by gender. A quantitative study was carried out, by applying a questionnaire to 332 students on Sport degree courses provided by higher education institutions in Portugal. The results indicate that students have confidence and are positive regarding their entrepreneurial capacities and competences, they are greatly attracted by this career option and are willing to take on the risks associated with entrepreneurial activity. Analysing entrepreneurial intention according to gender, male students show greater interest in being entrepreneurs, and more confidence in their entrepreneurial skills and competences than females. Concerning the value society gives to the entrepreneurial career, this dimension is found to have a negative influence on women's entrepreneurial intention. This result is no surprise, as society does not yet look favourably on female entrepreneurs, the idea persisting that this is a career for men. Therefore, the study suggests reflecting on entrepreneurship education and the need to update curricula in the field of sport, aiming to contribute to higher rates of entrepreneurship, particularly among women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the challenges faced by companies and society in general in terms of mitigating the effects of climate change and digitalisation, fostering and supporting digital and sustainable entrepreneurship represents a fundamental goal. Our research seeks to study the impact of national entrepreneurship systems (NESs) on what is known as the twin transition. Through recourse to dynamic panel econometric techniques applied to various databases (Eurostat, FAO, GEM, UN, and World Bank), we were able to evaluate the effect of the entrepreneurial attitudes, abilities and aspirations, and components of NESs, on the twin transition (digital and environmental). Globally, our results stand out for the positive interactions established by the entrepreneurial attitudes, abilities and aspirations, as pillars of NESs, with the digital and environmental transitions. Furthermore, the level of national economic development returns a positive moderating effect on the relationship between the NES components and the twin transitions. • National entrepreneurship systems impact on the twin transitions. • Entrepreneurial attitudes, abilities and aspirations effects on twin transitions. • National economic development level returns a moderating effect on twin transition. • Entrepreneurship impacts the sustainability and digitalisation of countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Endoscopic management of postcholecystectomy biliary leaks is widely accepted as the treatment of choice. However, refractory biliary leaks after a combination of biliary sphincterotomy and the placement of a large-bore (10F) plastic stent can occur, and the optimal rescue endotherapy for this situation is unclear. Objective To compare the clinical effectiveness of the use of a fully covered self-expandable metal stent (FCSEMS) with the placement of multiple plastic stents (MPS) for the treatment of postcholecystectomy refractory biliary leaks. Design Prospective study. Setting Two tertiary-care referral academic centers and one general district hospital. Patients Forty consecutive patients with refractory biliary leaks who underwent endoscopic management. Interventions Temporary placement of MPS (n = 20) or FCSEMSs (n = 20). Main Outcome Measurements Clinical outcomes of endotherapy as well as the technical success, adverse events, need for reinterventions, and prognostic factors for clinical success. Results Endotherapy was possible in all patients. After endotherapy, closure of the leak was accomplished in 13 patients (65%) who received MPS and in 20 patients (100%) who received FCSEMSs ( P = .004). The Kaplan-Meier (log-rank) leak-free survival analysis showed a statistically significant difference between the 2 patient populations (χ 2 [1] = 8.30; P < .01) in favor of the FCSEMS group. Use of <3 plastic stents ( P = .024), a plastic stent diameter <20F ( P = .006), and a high-grade biliary leak ( P = .015) were shown to be significant predictors of treatment failure with MPS. The 7 patients in whom placement of MPS failed were retreated with FCSEMSs, resulting in closure of the leaks in all cases. Limitations Non-randomized design. Conclusion In our series, the results of the temporary placement of FCSEMSs for postcholecystectomy refractory biliary leaks were superior to those from the use of MPS. A randomized study is needed to confirm our results before further recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurship is widely advocated as a driver of innovation and economic growth. Given today's technological and digital challenges, digital entrepreneurship in particular is a phenomenon on the rise, both through the digitization of existing businesses and the creation of digital enterprises. Debates on the relevance of digital entrepreneurship have been published in a range of journals that vary in terms of their purpose and readership. As such, scholarly contributions to this topic remain largely fragmented. To address this gap, this review aims to map academic literature on digital entrepreneurship in order to facilitate a better understanding of antecedents and future work. This study combines bibliometric approaches to examine literature on digital entrepreneurship platforms, forming a holistic picture of the field's different aspects and trends. The content and thematic analysis of 97 articles allows us to identify five approaches: i) Digital Entrepreneurship Success Factors, ii) Digital Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Smart Cities, iii) Digital Entrepeneurial Models, iv) Sharing Entrepreneurial Platforms, and v) Digital Platforms about Entrepreneurship Co-creation. Our findings further highlight the various gaps in digital entrepreneurship literature and raise some research questions that warrant future academic research. Our holistic model holds several implications for the theory and practice of the different aspects of digital entrepreneurship. • Entrepreneurship is a driver of innovation and economic growth. • Debates on the relevance of digital entrepreneurship have been published in a range of journals. • This study combines bibliometric approaches to examine literature on digital entrepreneurship platforms, forming a holistic picture of the field's different aspects and trends. • The content and thematic analysis of 97 articles allows us to identify five approaches: i) Digital Entrepreneurship Success Factors, ii) Digital Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Smart Cities, iii) Digital Entrepeneurial Models, iv) Sharing Entrepreneurial Platforms, and v) Digital Platforms about Entrepreneurship Co-creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Endotherapy of postcholecystectomy bile duct stricture (PCBS) has been established as an alternative treatment to surgery. Several studies have reported conflicting results regarding the predictors of success or failure of endotherapy. Objective: To evaluate the different cholangioscopic appearances of PCBS after endotherapy with an increasing number of plastic stents and the predictive values of these appearances for the outcome. Design: Prospective study with a long-term follow-up. Setting: Two academic tertiary referral centers. Patients: Twenty consecutive patients with major bile duct injury, with a bile leak, and a PCBS who underwent therapeutic ERCP. Interventions: Closure of the leak followed by temporary placement of multiple plastic stents for the treatment of PCBS, followed by cholangioscopy at the end of endotherapy. Main Outcome Measurements: To analyze the predictive value of cholangioscopy, other predictors of stricture recurrence after endotherapy, and long-term clinical success. Results: Closure of the leak was achieved in all patients. The median duration of endotherapy was 12 months (range 7-18 months). After endoscopic stenting, the PCBS was considered to be appropriately dilated in all patients. After endotherapy, 3 different findings were noted on cholangioscopy: (1) no lesion or minor defect (n = 10), (2) minor stricture with a fibrous ring (n = 6), and (3) presence of tissue hyperplasia (n = 4). During follow-up, stricture recurrence developed in 4 of 20 patients. All 4 patients were successfully retreated by an additional period of stenting and remained free of cholestasis after a median follow-up period of 44 months. By Kaplan-Meier (log-rank) and univariate analyses, the cholangioscopic pattern of tissue hyperplasia was significantly associated with stricture recurrence (P < .01). Limitations: Small sample size. Conclusions: Endoscopic stenting should be regarded as the primary treatment of choice because of the successful long-term outcome after 1 or more additional periods of treatment. However, the cholangioscopic pattern of tissue hyperplasia at the time of stent removal is a strong predictor of stricture recurrence, and this observation may lead to an additional period of endotherapy or other treatment modalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diverse and different research studies have approached the impact of the quality of public institutions on entrepreneurship, innovation and competitiveness. However, this relationship has not hitherto been subject to simultaneous study but rather only separately. In turn, our research thus holds the objective of simultaneously evaluating the impact of the quality of public institutions on entrepreneurship, innovation and competitiveness based on data aggregated at the OECD member state level. We therefore seek to demonstrate how the higher the perceptions of public institution quality held by individuals, the higher the indices of entrepreneurship, innovation and competitiveness. To this end, we deploy data collected from various sources, specifically the United Nations (UN), the World Bank (WB), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), World Economic Forum (WEF), International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and Freedom House (FH), for the years between 2006 and 2018 (13 years). For the analysis of this data, we apply an econometric methodology based on multiple regression models for unbalanced panel data. We may thus report that the higher the perception of quality of public institutions, the greater the level of the variables applied for entrepreneurship, innovation and competitiveness. We believe our empirical results contain important implications whether for researchers, politicians and decision-makers involved in drafting public policies. • Research studies have approached the impact of the quality of public institutions on entrepreneurship, innovation and competitiveness. • The higher the perception of quality of public institutions, the greater the level of the variables applied for entrepreneurship, innovation and competitiveness. • Our empirical results contain important implications whether for researchers, politicians and decision-makers involved in drafting public policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]