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Ten phases of south pars in five independent gas processing plants (GPP) are located on the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf. In each phase, raw gas is taken from the on-veil platform and transferred in a multi-phase form through 32-inch submarine pipeline at a distance of 110 km from shore. In GPP No 1 or Phase 1, gas is daily extracted from two on-veil platforms and the gas-water separation as dehydration policy is performed on the platform. In order to preserve the pipes and avoid hydrate and corrosion, Mono Ethylene Glycol (MEG) accompanied by corrosion inhibitor as corrosion inhibition policy (in GPP No. 3, 5) or MDEA as pH stabilization policy (in GPP No. 2, 4) is transferred to the platforms via two 4.5-inch pipelines and injected into the submarine pipeline. Sludge and scale deposits formed within the pipeline as byproducts of the corrosion inhibition and PH stabilization techniques, respectively. The derivation of the field partitioning of MEG, ferrous ion, calcium, chloride, pH and weight loss coupons provide useful information concerning the sealine corrosion and scale accumulation. Heat transfer analyses of submarine pipeline show that the water condensation rate and top of the line corrosion can occur with the loose concrete and any pipe coating defects. The results show that the pH stabilization with the separation of brine water which is located in offshore has better performance than corrosion inhibition policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] We examine the impact of heart rate variation on fMRI during the Stroop and ToL task. [•] Both tasks show significant task-related changes in heart rate. [•] The fMRI BOLD signal shows significant sensitivity to these changes in heart rate. [•] However, fMRI main task effects are marginally influenced by the heart rate changes. [•] We conclude that heart rate changes do not impact strongly on fMRI task effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There have been multiple observational studies that have assessed the probability that a woman who undertakes a trial of labor after a previous cesarean delivery will have a vaginal birth. These studies have demonstrated a population-level probability of a successful vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) that ranges between 60% and 80%. However, within a population the chances for success of a given individual may vary to a significant degree on the basis of particular demographic characteristics and obstetric history. This review summarizes the different characteristics that have been prominently associated with successful VBAC as well as the different attempts that have been made to develop accurate prediction models for successful VBAC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The aim of the current study was to explore the effects of problem structure, namely goal hierarchy and number of optimal solution paths, on the neural architecture that supports problem-solving and planning. Here, six-move problems with both an unambiguous and ambiguous goal hierarchy and single and multiple optimal solution paths were examined. In the task used, participants were encouraged to generate a solution plan before execution. The behavioral results revealed that problem-solving time and accuracy were both affected by both problem parameters. The fMRI activation results revealed three major findings. First, the right prefrontal cortex revealed a significantly different activation pattern than the other regions examined. This was the only region that revealed a larger response during the execution phase than the planning phase. Second, the effect of goal hierarchy was strongest during the execution phase. Finally, while there was no main effect of number of optimal solution paths, this parameter interacted with goal hierarchy in a number of regions across the brain. The present study also suggests that the minimum number of moves may not be the best measure of problem difficulty and that greater care be taken in the selection of TOL problems for both experimental studies as well as clinical assessment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• Virial coefficients for binary mixtures TOL + 1-alkanol were calculated. • Effect of alcohols chain length on different properties is discussed. • Mutual diffusion in binary mixtures are calculated and explained by the molecular interactions. In this study, to obtain useful information about the structure of binary mixtures, identify the governing interactions and investigate the influence of alcohol chain length on the structure and nature of interactions in the binary mixtures of toluene (TOL) with 1-pentanol up to 1-decanol, values of second and third virial coefficients for the above binary mixtures were calculated regarding the Peng-Robinson-Stryjek-Vera (PRSV) cubic equation of state. Estimation of the thermodynamic factor for the binary systems was performed by the COSMO-RS model, and results indicate that the considered mixtures exhibit a positive deviation from the Raoult's Law. Besides, the diffusion coefficients for the binary mixtures in the whole composition range were determined regarding the experimental viscosities. Findings demonstrate that the weak dispersion forces (induced dipole-induced dipole attraction) between TOL and 1-alkanol are the most frequent type of interactions, and change with the alcohol chain length. The collected information from the mentioned parameter has been shown that increasing the alcohol chain length reinforces the strength of intermolecular interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]