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To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.03.011 Byline: D. Seifert, A. Lambe, S. Anders, K. Pueschel, A. Heinemann Keywords: Injury typology; Perpetrator-victim constellation; Alcohol; Sexual assault; Violence Abstract: For the timeframe of February 1st, 2003 until December 31st, 2005, all forensic medical experts at the Medico-Legal Center of the Institute of Legal Medicine in Hamburg, Germany, completed a standardized questionnaire for every consenting surviving violence victim (n =2733) age 14 and older. Central to the quantitative analysis of the data collected was the extraction of specific injury characteristics from the sample population. A correlation was demonstrated between injury typologies and four possible perpetrator-victim constellations, each of which was subcategorized into sexual and non-sexual assaults. Author Affiliation: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Legal Medicine, Butenfeld 34, 22529 Hamburg, Germany Article History: Received 8 May 2007; Revised 11 February 2009; Accepted 9 March 2009

Abstract: The mother brought her -year-old son to a paediatric clinic as his forehead was swollen and bluish in appearance. She was unable to give any explanation for this lesion. Clinically it was noted that a very visible and also palpable, doughy swelling was present both in the forehead as well as the hard skull areas. Some hours later, a massive bilateral periocular haematoma appeared. Whilst X-rays were unable to provide any diagnostic help, the sonographic examination of the skull carried out on the same day revealed an extensive subgaleal haematoma. This phenomenon is described in radiological literature as “scalping” and is caused by the use of considerable, blunt violence against the head (shear stresses, e.g. by pulling at the hair). The mother''s boyfriend later confessed forceful pulling of the hair. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Twelve patients with catatonic schizophrenia and 12 matched healthy controls were examined with functional MRI while performing a motor task. The aim of our study was to identify the intracerebral pathophysiological correlates of motor symptoms in catatonic patients. The motor task included three conditions: a self-initiated (SI), an externally triggered (ET) and a rest condition. Statistical analysis was performed with SPM5. During the self-initiated movements patients showed significantly less activation than healthy controls in the supplementary motor area (SMA), the prefrontal and parietal cortex. Our results suggest a dysfunction of the “medial motor system” in catatonic patients. Self-initiated and externally triggered movements are mediated by different motor loops. The “medial loop” includes the SMA, thalamus and basal ganglia, and is necessary for self-initiated movements. The “lateral loop” includes parts of the cerebellum, lateral premotor cortex, thalamus and parietal association areas. It is involved in the execution of externally triggered movements. Our findings are in agreement with earlier behavioral data, which show deficits in self-initiated movements in catatonic patients but no impairment of externally triggered movements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]