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Nowadays, the utilization of 3D printing has become common in the construction of composite scaffolds. In this research, the co-precipitation method was applied to synthesize pure strontium hexaferrite oxide (SrFe 12 O 19) and magnesium-doped strontium hexaferrite oxide nanoparticles (Mg–SrFe 12 O 19). The synthesized SrFe 12 O 19 nanoparticles had a spherical morphology with a mean size of 60 nm and magnetization (Ms) value of 54.38 emu/g. The Mg–SrFe 12 O 19 also had a spherical morphology with a mean particle size of 46 nm and a magnetization value of 29.89 emu/g. The produced polycaprolactone composite scaffolds containing different amounts (0, 25, 50, and 75 wt%) of reinforcement were fabricated by the 3D robocasting printing method. Based on the results of the compression test, the 25 wt% addition of the pure SrFe 12 O 19 nanoparticles to the polycaprolactone scaffold increased the compressive strength from 2.87 to 11.68 MPa compared to the 100 wt% pure polycaprolactone scaffold. Furthermore, the polycaprolactone nanocomposite scaffold containing 25 wt% Mg–SrFe 12 O 19 also increased the compressive strength compared to the pure polycaprolactone scaffold to 12.94 MPa. Therefore, the 25 wt% reinforced scaffold was chosen as the optimal sample. The contact angles of the pure polycaprolactone SrFe 12 O 19 and Mg– SrFe 12 O 19 reinforced polycaprolactone scaffolds were 77.17, 68.53, and 35.58°, respectively. The values indicate the significant effect of doping magnesium on the wettability. The degradability of the 3D-printed scaffolds containing 25 wt% of the two different reinforcements was evaluated for 28 days immersing in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. The results revealed that the degradability was higher for the Mg–SrFe 12 O 19 after 28 days compared to the composite scaffold reinforced by pure SrFe 12 O 19 reinforcement. Moreover, it was shown that the bioactivity and cell adhesion of MG63 cells for the scaffolds reinforced by Mg–SrFe 12 O 19 have increased in laboratory conditions. Based on the MTT test, it was observed that both of the scaffolds were non-toxic. The results obtained in this study, suggest that polycaprolactone nanocomposite scaffolds containing 25 wt% of Mg–SrFe 12 O 19 , made by the 3D robocasting printing method, are suitable for bone tissue engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a coating of strontium ferrite oxide (SFO), Sr 3 Fe 2 O 7, on TiO 2 demonstrated an enhancement in photoelectrochemical cell (PEC) performance. Pure TiO 2 and SFO decorated TiO 2 (SFO/TiO 2) were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. The concentration of SFO precursor in this study varied between 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mmol. Most of the optimized SFO concentration showed the better Applied Bias Photon-to-current Efficiency than the pure TiO 2. The structure, chemistry, and surface morphology of TiO 2 and SFO/TiO 2 materials were investigated using several techniques, including X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The UV–visible spectra revealed that SFO was able to reduce the energy band gap of pristine TiO 2 from 3.09 to 2.55 eV. The photoluminescence spectroscopy displayed that almost SFO/TiO 2 materials exhibited the lower recombination time than the pristine TiO 2. Moreover, 1.0 mmol of SFO/TiO 2 exhibited the highest photocurrent density, at approximately 12.5 μA/cm2, which was 12 times greater than pure TiO 2. The Mott-Schottky analysis revealed the energy band edge of SFO and the TiO 2 was well alignment. Therefore, SFO plays a crucial role in improving the photo-absorption efficiency of PEC cell. The enhanced PEC performance was achievable due to the materials' tailored light response. [Display omitted] • TiO 2 and SFO/TiO 2 growth on the FTO were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. • SFO decorations enhance the visible light absorption of TiO 2. • The highest current density of SFO/TiO 2 was improved by 12 times. • SFO leads to higher internal resistance compared to the pristine TiO 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of Ta 2 O 5 at the rates of 1, 2, 3 and 4 % mol on the CaO–SrO–B 2 O 3 –Al 2 O 3 –Bi 2 O 3 –SiO 2 glass system was examined by the melt-quenching at 1400 °C. Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of the compounds were calculated using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The kinetics study revealed activation energy values of 109.4 kJ/mol for the T1 composition, 302.14 kJ/mol for the T2 composition, 471.5 kJ/mol for the T3 composition, and 344.7 kJ/mol for the T4 composition, as determined by applying the Kissinger method. According to the average of Avrami parameters, two-dimensional crystal growth was observed in T1 glass and surface crystallization was observed in all other glass. The glass forming ability (GFA) of the glasses was investigated with the values obtained as a result of HSM analysis. In the XRD analysis performed after heat treatment at 850 °C, crystal phase development was observed in the glasses. As a result of the crystallization process, it was observed that wollastonite, strontium aluminum silicate, strontium aluminum oxide and bismuth oxide phases were formed in T1, T2 and T3 glasses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anti-spinel oxide SrY 2 O 4 has attracted extensive attention as a promising host lattice due to its outstanding high-temperature structural stability and large thermal expansion coefficient (TEC). However, the overhigh thermal conductivity limits its application in the field of thermal barrier coatings. To address this issue, a novel high-entropy Sr(Y 0.2 Sm 0.2 Gd 0.2 Dy 0.2 Yb 0.2) 2 O 4 ceramic was designed and synthesized for the first time via the solid-state method. It is found that the thermal conductivity of Sr(Y 0.2 Sm 0.2 Gd 0.2 Dy 0.2 Yb 0.2) 2 O 4 is reduced to 1.61 W·m−1·K−1, 53 % lower than that of SrY 2 O 4 (3.44 W·m−1·K−1) at 1500 °C. Furthermore, reasonable TEC (11.53 ×10−6 K−1, 25 °C ∼ 1500 °C), excellent phase stability, and improved fracture toughness (1.92 ± 0.04 MPa·m1/2) remained for the high-entropy Sr(Y 0.2 Sm 0.2 Gd 0.2 Dy 0.2 Yb 0.2) 2 O 4 ceramic, making it a promising material for next-generation thermal barrier coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Strontium oxide (SrO) loaded borosilicate glass-ceramics were synthesised, and the effect of loading on phase and chemical durability of the matrix was explored. The glass of composition 53.6SiO 2 -5.6B 2 O 3 -8Na 2 O-2.4BaO-8CaO-2.4Al 2 O 3 -10SrO-10TiO 2 and a series of samples, loaded with varying content of SrO (from 10 to 25 mol%) were prepared through the melt-quench method. The ceramic phase in the samples is getting more pronounced with the increasing content of SrO from 10 to 25 mol%. The elemental mapping of the matrix has revealed a homogeneous distribution of Sr element throughout the matrix. The normalised leaching rates of Si (LR Si), B (LR B), Ba (LR Ba), Ca (LR Ca), Sr (LR Sr) and Ti (LR Ti) were obtained as 1.22 × 10−8, 3.72 × 10−9, 3.58 × 10−10, 3.32 × 10−9, 1.02 × 10−8 and 6.89 × 10−12 g. m−2. day−1, respectively, after 30 days with the loading of 25 mol% of SrO. The chemical durability results suggest that glass-ceramic wasteforms with a perovskite phase are advantageous for immobilisation of Short-lived radionuclides such as Sr etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The strontium oxide (SrO) is considered as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production. However, the resistance of SrO to high free fatty acids (FFAs) in low-quality raw materials is a great challenge. In this study, the SrZrAl multiple oxide catalysts are prepared and applied in transesterification of the acidified palm oi. The preparation of the SrZrAl catalysts is optimized from the aspects of the preparation method and zirconium content, where the co-precipitation method with Sr, Zr and Al molar ratio of 6:6:1.5 is preferentially determined. The microstructure and surface chemical properties of SrZrAl catalyst are thoroughly characterized by XRD, CO 2 /NH 3 -TPD, XPS and SEM-EDS. The GA-PSO-BP algorithm is used to optimize the transesterification parameters, where the FAME yield of 94.4% could be achieved with the addition of oleic acid of 5 wt% under the condition of the methanol to oil molar ratio of 16:1 and catalyst amount of 3.8 wt% at 171 °C in 2.6 h. Excellent reusability of the SrZrAl catalyst is demonstrated by the fact that the FAME yield of 80.3% is still obtained at the fifth reuse cycle. In addition, the FAME yield reaches 83.4% even at a high oleic acid addition of 15 wt%. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highly dispersed SrO in amorphous ZrO 2 or SiO 2 , SrO–ZrO 2 , and SrO–SiO 2 mixed oxides were synthesized by applying the solid–liquid interface reaction of Sr(OH) 2 •8 H 2 O in the solid phase with an equal number of moles of Zr(OC 3 H 7) 4 or with twice the number of Si(OC 2 H 5) 4 moles dissolved in 2-propanol. After heat treating at 723 K, the SrO–ZrO 2 catalyst exhibited a higher activity than the conventional solid base MgO catalyst for the base-catalyzed retroaldol reaction of diacetone alcohol. The catalytic activity of SrO–ZrO 2 was higher by a factor of 1.5 than that of MgO prepared by the thermal decomposition of hydrated magnesium oxalate (MgC 2 O 4 •2H 2 O). By contrast, the highest activity of SrO–SiO 2 obtained by thermal activation at 673 K was much lower than that of MgO. The active SrO–ZrO 2 catalyst was composed of catalytically inactive species of SrZrO 3 , and small amounts of Sr(OH) 2 and SrCO 3. The expected active species of SrO was not detected in powder X-ray diffraction analysis in any sample. The formation of SrO in small crystal size dispersed in amorphous ZrO 2 was strongly expected. Similar results were obtained in the SrO–SiO 2 sample. An active site formed on SrO–ZrO 2 surface is proposed. [Display omitted] • Active solid base was synthesized by a solid–liquid interface reaction of Sr(OH) 2 •8H 2 O with Zr(OC 3 H 7) 4. • The formation of SrO in small crystal size dispersed in amorphous ZrO 2 was strongly expected. • The solid–liquid interface reaction is useful to prepare well mixed binary metal oxide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, strontium titanate (SrTiO 3) nanoparticles were obtained utilizing a one-step supercritical continuous solvothermal synthesis process involving acetylacetonate precursors for both strontium and titanium cations instead of the historical alkoxide ones. These precursors are expensive, difficult to access (especially for strontium isopropoxyde) and inadequately stable, forcing the use of a glove box and controlled atmospheres, which is not the case for acetylacetonates. Pure SrTiO 3 nanoparticles with a crystallite size of roughly 20 nm were successfully synthesized. In addition to the cubic structure of SrTiO 3 , FTIR revealed surface functions that are typical of "wet" processes, while Raman spectroscopy showed the activation of non-centrosymmetric modes brought on by non-linear contributions. The nanoparticles show a faceted shape and are stable at elevated temperatures (up to 800 °C), according to in-situ high temperature XRD measurements. However, due to a chemical deficiency in strontium, titanium dioxide (TiO 2) phases are formed at higher temperatures. In-situ high temperature HRTEM investigations showed the existence of two populations of particles, with a better stability for the bigger-sized particles after thermal treatment as well as the sintering and restructuring of the smallest ones. Also, the microscopy results suggest the possibility of a chemical inhomogeneity within the crystallites. Overall, this study offers important new knowledge on the physicochemical characteristics of the synthesized SrTiO 3 nanoparticles and their thermal stability using a novel supercritical continuous solvothermal approach based on the use of acetylacetonate precursors. [Display omitted] • Strontium titanate (SrTiO 3) is a fascinating material for "green" applications. • A new and simple supercritical solvothermal flow synthesis using acetylacetonate precursors. • Unique metastable nanoparticles of strontium titanate with unusual thermal stability. • In-situ TEM investigation of metastable nanoparticles of strontium titanate evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perovskite ceramic oxides (ABO 3) have emerged as strong contenders against graphite anodes in non-aqueous metal-ion batteries. Exploring perovskites, we studied lithium insertion in barium lead oxide (BaPbO 3) and strontium lead oxide (SrPbO 3) perovskites, where lead (Pb4+) occupies the B-site. BaPbO 3 and SrPbO 3 , mass produced by solid-state or solution-combustion route, delivered reversible capacities upto 333 mAh/g and 339 mAh/g corresponding to 4.3 and 4.9 lithium uptake, respectively at room temperature. Among them, BaPbO 3 showed stable cycling for 50 cycles. Furthermore, at 50 ⁰C, BaPbO 3 delivers a first charge capacity of 382 mAh/g (or 5.6 lithium per formula unit) maintaining excellent stability beyond 50 cycles. Ex situ diffraction and microscopy studies confirm charge storage occurs via initial conversion (PbIV/PbII → Pb0) followed by reversible (de)alloying (Li–Pb) reaction. These results showcase perovskites as a promising family of Li-ion battery anodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Photoluminescent and photochromic transparent composite adhesive was developed. • Lanthanide aluminate (8–13 nm) was immobilized in CMC-reinforced gum Arabic. • Smart luminous adhesive showed high photostability and superhydrophobicity. • Emission band was detected at 519 nm upon excitation at 365 nm. • Ultraviolet-driven photochromism was detected from transparent to green. Smart polymer glue with photoluminescence and water-repellent properties was developed. The luminescent adhesive continues emitting light for up to 120 min after turning the excitation source off. Nanoparticles of lanthanide strontium aluminum oxide (LSAO) (8–13 nm) were consistently immobilized into carboxymethyl cellulose-reinforced gum Arabic (CMC/GA) adhesive. Using various concentrations of LSAO, the generated adhesives showed emission intensity at 519 nm and an excitation band at 365 nm. Depending on LSAO content, both of afterglow and fluorescence emission were monitored. Photochromism was detected as the transparent adhesive film changes color to green under ultraviolet irradiation. A greenish-yellow lightening in a darkened place was also observed. The nanocomposite resistance to scratches and hydrophobicity were found to enhance as the LSAO content was increased in the carboxymethyl cellulose-reinforced gum Arabic matrix. The LSAO@CMC/GA nanocomposite showed high durability and photostability. The present strategy proved the viability of a potential mass production toward photoluminescent adhesives for various smart applications, such as smart packaging, anti-counterfeiting printing, smart windows, and safety signs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photochromic wood materials are very important and appealing for smart windows. Herein, we describe the development of transparent photochromic wood that can change its color under ultraviolet and visible lights. Photoluminescent transparent wood was prepared by delignification of wood followed by infiltration with a combination of gum Arabic/chitosan/acrylic acid (ACA), lanthanide-activated aluminum strontium oxide (LASO) as a photoluminescent, and Genipin as a cross-linking agent. The produced mixture was then infused into the lignin-modified wood substrate. In order to develop a luminescent colorless wood, the LASO phosphor must be well-distributed in the ACA solution without aggregation. According to the colorimetric parameters and photoluminescence spectra, this optically active wooden window switched color from transparent in daylight to green when UV-irradiated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to examine the morphological features of phosphor nanoparticles. The morphological features of the developed smart wooden window were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy (XRF), and energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX). The mechanical performance was explored by investigating both hardness and resistance to scratches. The luminescent woods displayed an emission band at 518 nm when excited at 365 nm. The superhydrophobic performance and ultraviolet shielding of woods were improved upon increasing the phosphor content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A chemical co-precipitation route was used to synthesize novel strontium oxide (SrO), SrO-starch composite and various tellurium (Te) concentrations were incorporated in SrO-starch composite. This study aims to enhance the catalytic activities and bactericidal behavior of SrO, SrO-starch composite with different percentage concentrations of Te doping and a fixed amount of starch nanoparticles. XRD affirmed that the dopant contribution was investigated to improve crystallinity. Surface morphological characteristics and elemental composition evaluation were determined using an FE-SEM and EDS exhibit a doping concentration of an element in the synthesized products. The configuration of Sr–O–Sr bonds and molecular vibrations has been indicated by FTIR spectra. In addition, dye degradation of prepared samples was investigated through catalytic activity (CA) in the existence of NaBH 4 act as a reduction representative. The Te-doped SrO-starch composite indicates superior catalytic activity and shows a degradation of Methylene blue dye (91.4 %) in an acidic medium. The synthesis nanocatalyst demonstrated impressive antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) at high and low concentrations exhibiting zones of inhibition 9.30 mm as compared to ciprofloxacin. Furthermore, molecular docking studies of synthesized nanocomposites were performed against selected enzyme targets, i.e., β -lactamase E.coli and DNA Gyrase E.coli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catalytic co-pyrolysis (CCP) of ironbark (IB) and waste cooking oil (WCO) over bimetallic (Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, and Fe) strontium oxide (SrO)-loaded hierarchical Y-zeolite was performed using Py-GC/MS. The effect of bimetallic catalyst on kinetics, reaction mechanisms and product distribution of CCP was examined. The bimetallic catalysts were prepared via wet impregnation and characterized using N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM, XPS and FTIR. CCP using Ag–SrO/Y-zeolite showed the lowest activation energy of 163.1 kJ/mol compared to non-catalytic co-pyrolysis (193.21 kJ/mol). The results indicated that Cu–SrO/Y-zeolite produced the highest aromatic yield of 65.43% at a temperature of 750 °C with a catalyst to feedstock ratio of 1:1. The present work indicates that Cu–SrO/Y-zeolite active sites increased the aromatic yield. [Display omitted] • Cu–SrO/Y-zeolite showed the highest mesoporous area and lowest activation energy. • Basic sites on X–SrO/Y-zeolite impact notably on ketonization of carboxylic acids. • Cu–SrO/Y-zeolite catalyst produced the highest aromatic yield of 65.43% at 750 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the discovery of 1970s, bioactive glass has been a hot topic of research because of its excellent biological activity, which makes it a material that can repair and replace human bone tissue organs. In this work, the bioactive glasses in the system SiO 2 –P 2 O 5 –Na 2 O–CaO–F with different amounts of strontium oxide (SrO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) were prepared by the conventional melt quenching technology. The hydroxyapatite (HA) forming ability, ion release and antibacterial activity of these prepared glasses were investigated and the obtained results illustrated that SrO-doped samples had a better ability to form HA in modified simulated body fluid (MSBF) than ZnO-doped samples. As the immersion time of the sample in MSBF increased, the content of HA phase gradually increased. In the same immersion time, the formation ability of HA and the variation of SrO substitution amount showed a non-linear trend, which is mainly related to the influence of SrO content on the glass network structure. The results of ion concentration showed that the formation of HA was the result of the comprehensive action of various ions in the solution, especially the release rate of Si4+ ions, which had a direct impact on the formation ability of HA. The antibacterial test illustrated that the difference in antibacterial activity of bacteria solution at different sample concentrations may be related to the high pH environment and the osmotic effects caused by the non-physiological concentration of ions in the solution. The glass sample contained 4 wt% SrO showed the minimum bactericidal concentration at 64 mg/mL. The glass samples prepared in this experiment had good biological activity and antibacterial effect, making them suitable for using in dentistry and orthopedic applications, as well as providing a valuable composition reference for the preparation of bioactive glass with excellent comprehensive properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work kinetics of carbonation reaction of strontium oxide was investigated using the well-known random pore model. This non-catalytic gas-solid reaction can be utilized both for carbon capture and storage (CCS) and thermochemical energy storage (TCES) applications. In order to obtain kinetic parameters and reaction rate equation, a set of experiments ranging from 800 °C to 950 °C in temperature and 5 to 40 vol% in concentration of CO 2 were conducted. It was concluded that fractional function describes the concentration dependency of reaction rate very well. The activation energy of this reaction was calculated to be about 64 kJ/mol and the best exponential function indicating temperature dependency of CO 2 diffusivity through the product layer was also estimated. Furthermore, it was attempted to depict the importance of this reaction for CCS and TCES purposes. This goal was achieved by comparing our results with those of around 50 similar researches carried on MgO, CaO, and SrO-based sorbents. Comparison was done using six screening criteria; i.e. CO 2 uptake, CO 2 uptake rate, conversion, conversion rate, thermal energy, and thermal power. • Kinetics of SrO carbonation reaction is investigated by random pore model. • Energy storage parameters of SrO carbonation are compared with CaO and MgO. • Thermal storage efficiency of SrO is good due to its high release temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A facile one-pot synthesis of a novel Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst. • Reduced recombination and high charge transfer capacity via introduction of SrO. • SrO-mpg-CN/TiO 2 nanocomposites provided high tetracycline degradation (TC) in water. • SrO-mpg-CN/TiO 2 nanocomposites are reusable photocatalysts in TC degradation. We report herein a facile synthesis of a ternary nanocomposite of strontium oxide modified mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride supported titanium dioxide (SrO-mpg-CN/TiO 2) as an efficient heterojunction photocatalyst for the degradation of tetracycline (TC) in water. The morphology, optical and textural properties of as-prepared nanocomposites are systematically investigated by various advanced analytical techniques, and the structure-photocatalytic efficiency was related by proposing a plausible mechanism. The photocatalytic performance of SrO-mpg-CN/TiO 2 nanocomposites was evaluated in the TC degradation in water by studying several reaction parameters including the catalyst dosage, initial TC concentration, pH and irradiation time. The photocatalytic experiments exhibited that the activity of SrO-mpg-CN/TiO 2 nanocomposites for TC degradation was higher than binary SrO-mpg-CN nanocomposites and pristine TiO 2. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of SrO-mpg-CN/TiO 2 nanocomposites is attributed to the moderator role of SrO for electron transportation in the photocatalysis mechanism, which ensures a high charge mobility, suppresses electron/hole recombination, and improves the redox capacity under UVA irradiation. The detailed optimization studies revealed that the highest TC degradation efficiency of 91.73% was obtained by using 0.1 g/L catalyst dosage and 10 mg/L TC concentration at natural pH of 5.06 for 180 min reaction time under UVA irradiation. Moreover, the scavenging experiments showed that O H ads · and O 2 · - radicals are the dominant species for the TC degradation in water. Moreover, SrO-mpg-CN/TiO 2 nanocomposites were reusable up to the five successive runs without a significant drop in their initial activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In pursuit of enhancing bone cell proliferation, this study delves into the fabrication of porous scaffolds through the integration of nanomaterials. Specifically, we present the development of highly conductive chitosan (CS) nanonets on fibro-porous polyurethane (PU) bio-membranes. These nanofibers comprise functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (f MWCNTs), well-dispersed superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIONs), and strontium oxide (SrO 2) nanoparticles. The resulting porous scaffold exhibits remarkable interfacial biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, and load-bearing capability. Through meticulous in vitro investigations, the CS-PU/SPIONs/SrO 2 - f MWCNTs nanofibrous scaffolds have demonstrated a propensity to promote bone cell regeneration. Notably, the integration of these nanomaterials has been found to upregulate crucial bone-related markers, including ALP, ARS, COL-I, RUNX2, and SPP–I. The evaluation of these markers, conducted through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry, substantiates the improved cell survival and enhanced osteogenic differentiation facilitated by the integrated nanomaterials. This comprehensive analysis underscores the efficacy of CS-PU/SPIONs/SrO 2 - f MWCNTs bioscaffolds in promoting MC3T3-E1 cell regeneration within, thereby holding promise for advancements in bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green synthesis of nanoparticles, which is a safer and more environmentally friendly approach than traditional nanoparticle production methods, emerges as a promising field of the future. The green synthesis method, utilizing lichen extracts, offers a sustainable alternative to conventional nanoparticle production methods. Lichens have the ability to reduce and stabilize metallic salts, in addition to possessing medicinal effects from the secondary compounds they contain. In this context, the properties of lichens pave the way for a promising avenue in which nanotechnology can be harnessed within the field of cancer therapy. Building upon this back-ground, Diploschistes scruposus was employed in the production of nanoparticles through the green synthesis method. The study conducted the synthesis of lichen-derived silver-zinc oxide, silver-strontium oxide, and silver-nickel oxide nanoparticles, leveraging the characteristics of the Diploschistes scruposus species. It is specifically highlighted that toxicity studies concerning strontium oxide and nickel oxide nanoparticles are lacking. This aspect renders the study a valuable resource for addressing a significant knowledge gap in these fields and comprehending the potential biomedical applications of these nanoparticles. The properties of the resulting nanoparticles were determined through analysis of characteristic FE-SEM for morphological examination, and FT-IR was utilized to identify the presence of functional compo-nents. EDX methods were employed for elemental analysis, and XRD methods were used for crystal structure analysis. The hydrodynamic diameters of the nanoparticles were determined by DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering). In addition to characterization, the materials were tested for cytotoxi-city in breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) using MTT test. According to the MTT assay, toxicity studies were dose-dependent and the lowest IC50 value was found in the MCF-7 cell line with Ag–ZnO at 4.25 ± 0.014 μg/mL. • Green Synthesis Method: Lichen-based green synthesis of silver-zinc oxide, silver-strontium oxide, and silver-nickel oxide nanoparticles. • Characterization Techniques: Comprehensive analysis using DLS, FE-SEM, FT-IR, EDX, and XRD. • Toxicity Assessment: Cytotoxic effects studied on breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) revealed dose-dependent responses. • Contribution: Addresses the lack of toxicity studies on nanoparticles, offering insights for biomedical applications. • Potential of Green Nanotechnology: Emphasizes the biosynthesis method as a safer, more economical, and environmentally friendly alternative for cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increased use of nuclear energy has led to a greater amount of used nuclear fuel, requiring an expansion of geological final disposal areas. The reduction of the disposal area can be achieved through the extraction of high heat-generating radioactive isotopes such as Sr-90 from used nuclear fuel. The chemical reaction of Sr with molten chloride salts is a promising technique to achieve separation. In this study, the separation of Sr from a simulated oxide fuel is investigated using various molten chloride salts, namely LiCl-CaCl 2 , MgCl 2 , LiCl-KCl-MgCl 2 , LiCl, and NaCl-MgCl 2. As per the results, the highest separation efficiency is achieved with the LiCl-CaCl 2 salt, which reacted with 97% of the Sr in the fuel, resulting in its dissolution. The second best separation is observed for MgCl 2. Conversely, the Sr separation efficiencies from LiCl, NaCl-MgCl 2 , and LiCl-KCl-MgCl 2 are found to be relatively much lower. Furthermore, to determine the Sr separation efficiency, the reactivity of SrO with the salts is studied. The high separation efficiency of Sr in the CaCl 2 salt is due to the active reaction of SrO, which led to the formation of Sr 4 OCl 6 and Ca 0.46 Sr 0.54 Cl 2 and their dissolution in the salt. The reaction of SrO with MgCl 2 produces SrCl 2 and Sr 4 OCl 6 in the salt. In contrast, NaCl and KCl do not react with the SrO. Therefore, the eutectic salts containing unreactive salts (NaCl-MgCl 2 , and LiCl-KCl-MgCl 2) exhibit less reactivity with SrO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of multimode excited up-conversion (UC) luminescent materials is of great significance for information multi-encryption and anti-counterfeiting technology upgrade. In this work, SrGd 2 O 4 :Yb3+, Er3+ phosphors were synthesized by solid-state reaction method. SrGd 2 O 4 :Yb3+, Er3+ was proved to be Orthorhombic system by XRD diffraction experiments. The SEM analysis revealed that the average grain size of the samples ranged from 1 to 2 μ m. The UC luminescence properties of samples were studied when excited at 915 nm, 980 nm, and 1550 nm. CIE color coordinates showed that the color of SrGd 2 O 4 :Yb3+, Er3+ phosphors can be tuned by different laser excitation. Specifically, the sample emitted yellow light under 915 nm excitation, orange-red light under 980 nm excitation, and pure red light under 1550 nm excitation. The mechanism of energy level transitions revealed that the luminescence under 915 nm and 980 nm excitation originated from a two-photon process, while the luminescence under 1550 nm excitation originated from three-photon absorption. The UC-QY of SrGd 2 O 4 : Yb3+, Er3+ dispersion was investigated by a reference method, and their values were 2.7% (915 nm), 4.3% (980 nm), and 6.4% (1550 nm) when excited by different lasers, respectively. The results laid a foundation for the research of the material in the field of anti-counterfeiting. • The luminescence characteristics of SrGd 2 O 4 :Yb3+, Er3+ phosphors excited at multi-wavelength were studied for the first time. • The UC-QY of SrGd 2 O 4 :Yb3+, Er3+ dispersion under multi-wavelength were studied. • The work lays a foundation for the research in the field of anti-counterfeiting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At room-temperature sensing, the rapid response and recovery time of the sensor (Sr-CeO 2) towards the target gas molecules (25–150 ppm) were similar. This property plays a crucial role in the stability and sensitivity of the sensor under ambient conditions. Furthermore, the sensor surface exhibits this characteristic property over wide range of target gas concentration. The surface-science experiment exhibits the presence of adsorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen, which indicates favorable contribution in sensing mechanism. The attuned morphology of the nanomaterials (nanopetals, small size particles) added advantage to the sensing. The fabricated Sr-substituted sensor demonstrates robust repeatability and high selectivity to benzene. It also illustrates enriched sensor surface for sensing reaction resulting in treble increase of sensitivity as compared to pristine sensor. This sensor outperformed in sensitivity, selectivity and stability measurements, enabling its use for practical applications in industrial and outdoor monitoring. The proposed method of sensor material fabrication is simple and may lead to large scale production of sensors devices. Moreover, the sensor shows ∼96% reproducibility over a long period of time. Optical studies suggest that the bandgap energy of ceria sensor reduces with Sr substitution. Consequently, this enhances the conductivity of the sensor facilitating the response endowment. Under anti-humidity test, the Sr-substituted sensor shows the moderate response to higher humidity and high response to low humidity. Based on overall sensing results, we emphasize that the strontium (Sr) is noble material for room-temperature sensing. • The response and recovery time of the sensor were similar tendency. • Strontium substitution to cerium oxide produces the nanopetals morphology. • Sr-substituted ceria oxide sensor demonstrates good response under low-humidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SrGd 2 O 4 phosphors doped with Eu3+ were successfully synthesized through a sol-gel combustion method, covering a range of dopant concentrations from 0.25 mol% to 3 mol%. The structural analysis of these phosphor materials was comprehensively conducted utilizing various techniques, including X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition to unveiling the structural characteristics, these analyses provide valuable insights into the compositional aspects, enhancing our understanding of the synthesized SrGd 2 O 4 :Eu3+ phosphors across different doping levels. XRD analysis findings validate the successful generation of the intended SrGd 2 O 4 host, demonstrating orthorhombic system structures consistent with JPCD card number 98-019-3592. FTIR analyses conducted on the phosphor samples not only identify bending modes but also reveal intricate details about small vibration bonds within the material. When excited by the 349 nm laser, SrGd 2 O 4 :xEu3+ phosphors exhibit distinct photoluminescence (PL) properties like red emission at 614 nm from Eu3+. From the emission spectra, one can clearly observe that Eu3+ with an ionic radius close to the Gd3+ ion preferentially occupies the symmetry sites of the host lattice. The optimal doping concentration was determined to be 0.5 mol%, as revealed by the data in our study. Additionally, a deeper understanding of the luminescence quenching mechanism was attained, pinpointing the involvement of dipole-dipole (d-d) energy transfer in this intriguing phenomenon. This optimal concentration not only enhances the material's properties but also underscores the pivotal role of d-d interactions in governing the luminescence behavior within the doped system. • SrGd 2 O 4 :Eu3+ phosphor is synthesized by a gel combustion method. • Photoluminescence properties were conducted. • Optimum doping concentration of Eu3+ was found to be 0.5 mol%. • The energy transfer mechanism was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calcium oxide is one of the most promising heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production. However, an inherent drawback of CaO is the leaching of active species into the reaction solution with the degraded reusability. To strengthen the stability, different supports are composited with the SrO–CaO oxide through the hydrothermal method and mass ratio of SrO to CaO are optimized to get the best outcome of the catalyst. Meanwhile, various characterization methods, including TG, XRD, SEM-EDX, CO 2 -TPD, XPS, ATR-FTIR and ICP-AES, are used to explore the physicochemical properties of catalysts. The 0.4-SrO-CaO-Al 2 O 3 catalyst shows the best catalytic capability in transesterification of palm oil with methanol to produce biodiesel, where the FAME yield of 98.16% is achieved with the molar ratio of methanol to oil of 18:1 and catalyst concentration of 7.5 wt% at 65 °C for 3 h. Besides, ascribed to the greatly reduced leaching out of the active species, this catalyst presents the satisfying reusability and the FAME yield is slightly decreased to 92.61% for the fifth reused cycle. Therefore, this modification method for SrO–CaO–Al 2 O 3 is feasible for enhancing the catalytic stability in transesterification. • SrO–CaO–Al 2 O 3 trimetallic oxide catalyst is reported for the first time. • 0.4-SrO-CaO/Al 2 O 3 shows excellent catalytic activity in transesterification. • Calcium leaching is greatly reduced and catalyst shows strong catalytic stability. • Main physicochemical properties of produced biodiesel meet the limit of ASTM D6751. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the formation mechanism of strontium hexaaluminate (SrAl 12 O 19) in Al 2 O 3 –SrO and Al 2 O 3 –SrO–ZrO 2 composites was investigated. Strontium oxide (SrO) powder was added to initial suspensions in various quantities. High-purity submicron powders were used during the experiments. Powder compositions were thermally treated in the temperature range of 900°С–1500°С for 5 h. The stepwise character of SrAl 12 O 19 formation was established by X-ray phase analysis. The SrAl 2 O 4 intermediate compound formed in the temperature range of 900°С–1200°С. The onset of SrAl 12 O 19 formation corresponded to 1200 °C. Formation of SrAl 12 O 19 was completed in the temperature range of 1400°C-1500°С. After sintering at 1300°С–1500°С for 1 h, the samples were analysed. The density of materials indicated a decreasing trend with an increase in the amount of SrO. The density of alumina ceramics sintered at 1500 °C was 3.65 ± 0.2 g/cm3. However, alumina ceramics comprised 15 wt% SrAl 12 O 19 and their density was 3.35 ± 0.4 g/cm3. A decrease in the density level is explained by the platelet shape of SrAl 12 O 19 grains, which prevented additional contact points from generating between the matrix grains and led to porosity formation in the materials. The effect of a reduction in the alumina grain size was established with an increase in the content of the initial SrO and SrAl 12 O 19 powders. Scanning electron microscopy found that the SrAl 12 O 19 platelets comprised one to three layers fused together along the basal planes. Zirconia grains inhibited the lateral growth of the SrAl 12 O 19 platelets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sr segregation is one of the key issues affecting the performance and durability of lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite electrode (LSCF) for solid oxide cells (SOCs). In this study, we investigated the Sr segregation behavior in LSCF under compression with purpose of simulating the operating condition of LSCF electrode in an assembled SOC stack. The electrochemical performance of LSCF electrode in a symmetric cell was evaluated by impedance spectrometry. The Sr segregation behavior on the surface of LSCF electrodes was investigated by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was confirmed that the compression load would suppress the formation of SrO on the surface of LSCF during long-term holding in air at 800 °C, resulting in significantly improved durability compared with the LSCF electrode without compression. Furthermore, it was revealed that the type of materials (YSZ, GDC and Pt) in contact with LSCF would also affect the Sr segregation in LSCF. In particular, contacting with YSZ under compression would induce more SrO formation on the surface of LSCF than GDC and Pt. • Sr segregation behavior on LSCF electrode under compression was investigated. • LSCF electrode under compression exhibit better durability than free one. • The formation of SrO on LSCF was suppressed under uniaxial compression. • Contacting with YSZ induced more SrO formation on LSCF than GDC and Pt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although bioactive glasses have been widely used for the surfaces of orthopaedic and dental implants, its limited mechanical strength, low toughness and wear resistance have prevented their use as load-bearing devices. Considering that even a small variation in the composition of such materials can deeply modify their features, inducing very different physicochemical or mechanical properties, the present research was conducted by modifying the glass network of 45S5 Bioglass® by adding Al 2 O 3 and SrO to obtain a highly bioactive glass with improved mechanical and tribological performance for biomedical applications. The addition of 2% Al 2 O 3 and 2% SrO produced a dense material with the same elastic modulus as 45S5 (~50 GPa). Moreover, the bending strength increased by 60% and the toughness doubled. The wear rate obtained against steel was found to be three times lower than that of 45S5. From the results, it can be assumed that both alumina and strontium synergistically play crucial roles in the mechanical and tribological properties of these new bioactive glasses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reversible dissociation/carbonation of metal carbonates, performed in fluidized bed reactors, is one of the most promising technological solution for thermochemical energy storage (TCES) in concentrating solar power plants (CSP). In this framework, the SrCO 3 /SrO system is receiving increasing interest due to its high energy density (4 GJ/m3) and working temperatures (up to 1200 °C). As the more investigated CaCO 3 /CaO couple, also SrO undergoes a dramatic drop of reactivity over multiple carbonation/calcination cycles due to sintering. Even though the potentiality of this system has already been proved by thermo-gravimetric analyses, its actual reaction performances in a fluidized bed are strongly dependent on the gas-solid contact efficiency and heat/mass transfer between the gaseous and solid phase. In this work, the cyclic carbonation/calcination of the SrO/SrCO 3 system for TCES-CSP has been investigated by thermo-gravimetric analysis and, for the first time, in a lab-scale fluidized bed rig, thus providing useful applicative insights. A new Al 2 O 3 -stabilized composite has been synthesized, i.e. Al 2 O 3 has been added to SrO/SrCO 3 system as both sintering inhibitor and flow conditioner. In particular, composite materials with different Al 2 O 3 /SrO composition have been synthesized to investigate the effect of the inhibitor amount on both the fluidizability and energy storage performances. • SrO/SrCO 3 was tested for TCES for its high energy density and working temperatures. • Carbonation/calcination tests were performed in a lab-scale fluidized bed rig. • Al 2 O 3 was successfully used as sintering and agglomeration inhibitor. • Al 2 O 3 content in the range 34–50%wt is enough to maximize the energy density. • All the SrO/Al 2 O 3 composites were stable from the mechanical point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN), one of the most widely used nanomaterials, is of poor biodegradability in vivo due to its highly stable Si–O–Si structure. Here, the structural stability of Si–O–Si was regulated by doping strontium ion. Sr-doped MSNs (Sr-MSNs) were synthesized by a cetyltrimethylammonium-bromide-mediated template method and their phase, morphology, structure, physicochemical properties, in vitro degradability and cytocompatibility were investigated. Results indicated that Sr2+ was successfully incorporated into MSN with the collapse of the ordered mesoporous structure. Sr-doping significantly improved the specific surface area, in vitro degradability and cytocompatibility of MSN in a Sr-content-dependent manner. Particularly, excessive Sr-doping gave rise to generating impure strontium silicate which converted into disordered amorphous silica during degradation and hindered the biodegradable behaviors of MSN. Hence, the synthetic Sr-MSNs with excellent surface nature, biodegradability and biocompatibility were supposed to be applied as potential carriers for the controllable release of drugs and ions in numerous clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To achieve the green production of biodiesel, in this study, a novel magnetic mesoporous support (Fe@C) was obtained from MIL–Fe(100) carbonization. Strontium oxide (SrO) was then loaded on Fe@C to synthesize the sufficient, easy separable and environmentally friendly heterogeneous basic catalyst (Fe@C–Sr) for transesterification on the purpose of biodiesel production. In order to obtain the optimal synthesis method, effects of the activation temperature and SrO loading amount on catalytic activity were evaluated. In addition, Fe@C and Fe@C–Sr were characterized by means of X–ray diffraction (XRD), N 2 adsorption–desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), Hammett indicator method, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and X–ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). To assess the catalytic behavior of Fe@C–Sr, transesterification parameters of catalyst amount, molar ratio of methanol to oil, reaction time, and reaction temperature were investigated and optimized. Meanwhile, based on the optimal transesterification parameters, the reusability and resistant ability to free fatty acid and free water were further concerned to explore the catalyst stability. Image 10686 • Pore size of MIL-Fe (100) is expanded to mesoprous size after being carbonized. • SrO addition enhances the saturation magnetism of Fe@C. • Fe@C-Sr is more sensitive to free fatty acid compared to free water in reaction. • Fe@C is an ideal magnetic mesoporous support with paramagnetic property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanocrystalline Ba 0·6 Sr 0·4 Co 0·8 Fe 0·2 O 3 (BSCF-6482) powder is synthesized by combustion synthesis technique. Powder calcined at 1000 °C reveals phase pure cubic perovskite. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis exhibits soft agglomerates of average size ∼50 nm wherein interplanar spacing for (110) and (221) resembles to the cubic lattice. While DC electrical conductivity of 23 S cm−1@800 °C is observed, interfacial polarization measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is found to be the least @850 °C (0.18 Ω cm2). Cell performance has been compared among BSCF-6482, BSCF-5582 and LSCF-6482 mixed ionic and electronic conducting (MIEC) and conventional electrode (LSM). Higher performance (1.37 A/cm2@1.3 V,800 °C) with high hydrogen generation rate (0.57 Nl/cm2/h) is found during steam electrolysis with cell fabricated using BSCF-6482 having minimal area specific resistance 0.33 Ω cm2. Under similar operating condition, BSCF-5582, LSCF-6482 and LSM exhibit hydrogen generation rate of 0.35, 0.28 and 0.23 Nl/cm2/h respectively. Cell microstructure is clinically correlated with the higher reactivity of BSCF-6482 air electrode in steam electrolysis. • Nanocrystalline Ba 0·6 Sr 0·4 Co 0·8 Fe 0·2 O 3 (BSCF-6482) is synthesized by autocombustion. • Interfacial polarization for BSCF-6482 reveals 0.18 Ω cm2@850 °C. • Higher C.D. 1.37 A/cm2@1.3 V,800 °C than MIEC electrodes (BSCF-5582 & LSCF-6482). • Superior hydrogen flux for BSCF-6482 (0.57Nl/cm2/h) than MIEC and LSM electrodes. • Microstructural integrity retained for BSCF-6482 at high cell current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis and photo-luminescence properties of Eu2+/Eu3+ or Ce3+/Eu3+ co-doped Sr 5 (BO 3) 3 F compounds are reported. Using the Sr 5 (BO 3) 3 F as the host, through the solid state reaction under the reductive atmosphere, Eu2+/Eu3+ and Ce3+/Eu3+co-doped samples were prepared. These compounds exhibit good photo-luminescence properties. Under the excitation of 376 nm, an unusual red orange emission coming from the Eu2+ ions can be obtained in Eu ions doped Sr 5 (BO 3) 3 F, which exhibits a broadband emission in the range of 450–800 nm with the peak at around 600 nm. At the same time, the characteristic f-f excitation and emission of Eu3+ can improve and adjust the Eu2+ emission in Eu3+/Eu2+ codoped Sr 5 (BO 3) 3 F. In addition, the adjustable luminescence properties from blue to white of Sr 5 (BO 3) 3 F:Ce3+, Eu3+ are investigated. The energy transfer behavior from Ce3+ to Eu3+ was confirmed. In the spectra of the co-doped samples, we can hardly observe the characteristic peak of Eu2+, because Ce4+ can oxidize Eu2+ to Eu3+, and Ce4+ itself is reduced to Ce3+. The CIE coordinates from (0.2758, 0.2420) to (0.3857, 0.3015) show Sr 5 (BO 3) 3 F:3%Ce3+, x%Eu3+ (x = 1,3,5,7,9) are in the white light emission region. All results demonstrate that the Sr 5 (BO 3) 3 F:Eu3+/Eu2+ and Sr 5 (BO 3) 3 F:Ce3+/Eu3+ phosphors have good application prospects for LED plant growth and white LED, respectively. The bond energy method was used to explain the reason why the Eu2+/Eu3+ ion instead of only Eu2+ and Ce3+/Eu3+ instead of Ce3+/Eu3+/Eu2+ can exist in the host Sr 5 (BO 3) 3 F. The theoretical analysis agree well with the experimental result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strontium oxide nanoparticles (SrO NPs) were prepared using an eco-friendly bioreduction method utilizing a plant extract of Green cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) as a reducing and capping agent (where 1, 8 cineole is the dominant reducing agent in this plant). The strontium oxide polythiophen core shell (SrO@PTh CS) nanocomposite was then prepared and utilized as plate form for graphite paste sensor (GPS) for determination of cilostazol. [Display omitted] • SrONPs were bio-synthesized utilizing Green cardamom extract. • SrO@PTh nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ oxidative polymerization of Th on the SrO surface. • SrO@PTh nanocomposite based sensor successfully detected cilostazol drug. • This sensor was applied in real samples. The green synthesis of metal or metal oxide nanoparticles utilizing plants is a novel promising approach in bio-nanotechnology. The strontium oxide nanoparticles (SrO NPs) were synthesized for the first time utilizing a plant extract of Green cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The strontium oxide polythiophene (SrO@PTh) nanocomposite was then prepared by in-situ oxidative polymerization of thiophene on the surface of SrO NPs using anhydrous FeCl 3 as an oxidant. FTIR spectrum indicates the coordination of SrO NPs with the binding sites along PTh backbone. TEM analysis resulted in an average particles size of (25 – 50 nm) for SrO NPs and core–shell nanostructure of its composite (SrO@PTh CS) with shell thickness of (20–90 nm). The XRD analysis indicates a crystalline cubic structure of SrO NPs with particles size of ≈ 45 nm in average and interplanar space of (0.24 ∼ 0.36 nm). The crystallinity was relatively diminished to some extent for SrO@PTh CS which exhibits a particle size of about 85 nm and interplanar space of (0.13 ∼ 0.23 nm). A smart and novel electrochemical graphite paste sensor (GPS), based on SrO@PTh CS nanocomposite, has been fabricated for the ultrasensitive in-vitro detection of antiplatelet drug cilostazol. SrO@PTh CS nanocomposite-based square-wave voltammetry biosensor exhibited the lowest limits of detection of 1.99 × 10−10 and 9.83 × 10−10 M for cilostazol drug determination in bulk and human plasma samples, respectively compared to all the reported methods. It exhibited also good reproducibility, repeatability, long-term stability and was free from biological interference effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Afterglow transparent smart wood with photochromism was prepared. • Lignin-modified wood was infiltrated with methyl acrylate and SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu2+,Dy3+. • Luminescent timber changed color from colorless in daylight to green in UV. • Absorption band was detected at 365 nm, and two emission bands at 436 and 517 nm. • Luminous wood provided superior UV protection and superhydrophobic activity. Smart windows that use photochromic colorless wooden materials are an intriguing and urgent area of research. Herein, we create afterglow transparent woods with UV-induced photochromic capability. Infiltrating a lignin-modified wood (LMW) with a solution of methyl acrylate (MA) and rare-earth strontium aluminum oxide (SrAl 2 O 4 : Eu2+, Dy3+; SAOED) yielded afterglow and photochromic translucent wood. Preparing photoluminescent transparent wood effectively requires dispersing SAOED phosphor nanoparticles (NPs) in pre-polymerized MA without clumping. CIE (Commission Internationale de ĺEclairage) Lab colorimetric studies indicated that this transparent timber substrate changed color from colorless in daylight to greenish when exposed to ultraviolet rays. Micrographs taken using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) were analyzed to learn more about the morphology of the synthesized SAOED NPs. Different characterization techniques were applied on the photochromic translucent wood samples, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX), hardness properties, wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy (WD-XRF), and absorption and emission spectroscopy. Absorption maximum wavelength was detected at 365 nm. Both 436 nm and 517 nm were observed as emission wavelengths in the developed photoluminescence wood. The results displayed that the manufactured transparent wood introduced superior protection from UV radiation and superhydrophobic activity. UV light triggered a rapid and reversible photochromic reaction in the transparent luminous wood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monocrystalline layered cathode is of particular interest owing to the satisfactory mechanical integrity against long-term cycling. However, the high-temperature calcination, which is perceived as the indispensable reaction condition, favors the formation of Ni2+ that triggers the Li+/Ni2+ disorder and the formation of electrochemically inactive NiO. Herein, we develop a SrO-assistant method to synthesize a monocrystalline ultrahigh-Ni LiNi 0.95 Co 0.04 Mn 0.01 O 2 under a moderate calcination temperature. The addition of an appropriate amount of SrO (0.3 wt%, SCN95–Sr-3) facilitates the formation of monocrystalline LiNi 0.95 Co 0.04 Mn 0.01 O 2 (grain size: 2–4 μm) under 790 °C. The obtained LiNi 0.95 Co 0.04 Mn 0.01 O 2 represents excellent electrochemical properties with an initial discharge capacity of 240.5 mAh g−1 and a Coulombic efficiency of 90.1 % at 0.1C (1C = 220 mA g−1) in a Li-metal half cell. Upon long-term cycling, the monocrystalline feature with less crystallographic defect effectively enhances the structural stability and inhibits the formation of intergranular cracks, resulting in an enhanced cyclic stability (discharge capacity of 151.0 mAh g−1 maintained after 300 cycles at 1C in a Li-metal half cell). Coupled with a graphite anode, the LiNi 0.95 Co 0.04 Mn 0.01 O 2 || graphite full cell represents a stable cycling at 1C, with a capacity retention of 99.0 % after 100 cycles. A small amount of SrO enables formation of monocrystalline ultrahigh-Ni LiNi 0.95 Co 0.04 Mn 0.01 O 2 under a moderate calcination temperature. High cycling stability and crack resistance are achieved. [Display omitted] • SrO facilitates the formation of a monocrystalline ultrahigh-Ni layered cathode. • A small amount of SrO puts significant effect on the morphology. • The fluxing agent SrO also acts as the source of Sr dopant. • The monocrystalline cathode shows excellent cyclic stability and crack resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Partitioning of 90Sr from other radionuclides in radioactive liquid waste is crucial for treating high-level liquid waste (HLLW) generated during spent fuel reprocessing, as the unique high heat-generating and long half-life of 90Sr pose a significant challenge for the long-term storage of nuclear waste. However, it remains difficult to sieve 90Sr for membrane based on size-selective effect, as the radioactive liquid waste contains numerous typical divalent ions, such as 60Co, 63Ni, and 65Zn, which have the same valence and similar hydration diameters to 90Sr. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a rapid and efficient separation of radioactive 90Sr from other radioactive ions by a reduced graphene oxide membrane, which prepared by the amino-hydrothermal method from graphene oxide suspensions. For SrCl 2 /CoCl 2 , SrCl 2 /NiCl 2 , and SrCl 2 /ZnCl 2 binary mixed solutions, SrCl 2 can pass through efficiently, while the rejection rates for CoCl 2 , NiCl 2 , and ZnCl 2 reached 99.9 %. The separation factors reached 3232, 4254, and 3314, which are about one or two orders of magnitude higher than the highest reported separation factors for membranes sieving divalent ions. Our findings offer a simple avenue for the precise treatment of radioactive liquid waste, which is vital for the advancement of nuclear energy technology. [Display omitted] • rGO membrane for rapid and efficient sieving of radioactive strontium ions/di-valent radioactive ions is achieved. • The separation factors are about one or two orders of magnitude higher than the highest factor reported previously. • DFT computations provide detailed insights into the mechanism of the separation performance of rGO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modeling the oxygen partial pressure at the interfaces of solid oxide electrolysis cells is essential to understand their degradation. Here we present a bilayer electrolyte equivalent circuit model that does not assume continuity of the oxygen chemical potential at the electrolyte interface, in line with experimental results. We use the model to assess the assumption that strontium zirconate growth is responsible for oxygen electrode interface pressure increases and delamination. We find that 5% Y-doped strontium zirconate does not drive fracture for accumulations up to 250 nm except at 800 °C and 1.6 V. With a low electronic conductivity, 5% La-doped strontium zirconate shows a region of stability where increased thickness actually stabilizes the interface pressure. We also highlight the importance of modeling interface stability with the proper electronic conductivity. Finally, we present interface stability requirements and contextualize the strontium zirconate composition results in terms of interface stabilization strategies. [Display omitted] • An equivalent circuit model for solid oxide cell bilayer electrolytes is presented. • Refined stability criteria for solid oxide electrolysis cells are presented. • The oxygen electrode interface pressure induced by strontium zirconate formation is quantified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this investigation, a new transparent boro-tellurite glass series modified with strontium oxide and differing ratios of bismuth oxide was synthesized to explore the radiation shielding ability. The mechanical and physical features were checked theoretically. At the same time, the structure for fabricated glasses was investigated by Raman spectra, thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). According to Raman spectra results, the prominent peaks displayed enhancing and shifting to lower wavenumber from 774 cm−1 for TBSB0 to 751 cm−1 for TBSB20 with adding Bi 2 O 3 instead of TeO 2. XRD proved the amorphous nature of all glass samples. In contrast, TGA explored the thermal stability by studying the weight loss for TBSB0 and TBSB20 that are 1.6264 % and 0.3198 % at 1000 °C, respectively. The inclusion of Bi 2 O 3 as opposed to TeO 2 resulted in a density enhancement from 4.3200 to 5.6900 g/cm3, packing density (V t) from 0.4221 to 0.4715, and mass attenuation coefficient (μm, at 184 keV) from 0.2921 to 0.7185 cm2/g. On another side, experimental evaluation of the radiation shielding properties was conducted, and the μ m values were compared with XCOM data. The theoretical and experimental relative difference was in the 0.445–5.974 % range. The direct relation between Bi 2 O 3 concentrations and radiation shielding properties is obvious. TBSB20 sample showed the highest radiation shielding capacity compared with other fabricated glasses. These results indicate the ability to use the fabricated glasses in the radiation shielding field. • A series of boro-tellurite modified with different contents of bismuth oxide was prepared by the ordinary melt quench method. • Adding Bi 2 O 3 instead of TeO 2 enhanced the density and mass attenuation coefficient. • TGA checked the thermal stability for current samples. • Raman spectra for current samples showed a main change in peaks with the addition of Bi 2 O 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphene oxide (GO)-crown ether (CE) composite preparation was carried out using diverse CE/GO configurations where, composite/structural suitability and adsorption characteristics of these composites were evaluated to derive optimal strontium (Sr(II)) separation conditions. Initial characterization and Sr(II) sorption studies evidenced the eminence of GO-18-crown-6-ether (GO-18C6) composites among those explored and, a comprehensive investigation on compositing procedure, ambience, affecting parameters was undertaken to deduce relevant interaction mechanism. 18C6 molecules interact with GO layers via CH-π, hydrogen bond, dipole-dipole and covalent interactions, reduce graphitic content, deteriorate structural order and induce aggregate formation. Sr(II) sorption at composite membranes is determined by GO/18C6 composition and structure, composite mass, Sr(II) concentration and pH of the ambience. Composite membranes prepared at optimal interaction conditions exhibited maximum Sr(II) adsorption capacity of ∼890 mg/g, attributed to development of profusive Sr(II) reactive sites and effective amendment of permeation channels. Inferences on optimal Sr(II) adsorption at composite membranes were validated further via sorption studies on extended and N-functionalized GO/CE structures. The rapid, economic and competent Sr(II) adsorption demonstrated in the present work evidence synergetic performance of GO-CE in composite, re-emphasize the potential of membranes in Sr(II) separation and finds significance in removal of alkali/alkaline earth metal ions from aqueous waste solutions. • Develops diverse CE-GO composites and analyzes the allied interaction mechanisms. • Evaluation of multiple compositing methods, CE structures, Sr adsorption parameters. • GO-CE composite membranes displayed optimum Sr adsorption performance of ∼890 mg/g. • Rapid, economical and efficient Sr separation procedure, devoid of secondary waste. • Evidence synergetic performance of GO-CE, potential of membranes in Sr separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrogen storage in transition mixed metal oxides (MMOs) are predicted from their tendency for adsorption-desorption hydrogen. Hydrogen itself requires initial forces pressure for initiation of condensation. MMOs, based on their effective immobilization matrices, are potential nanocatalysts for energy storage. Even various materials are highlighted for hydrogen storage; however, their adsorption capacities are insufficient for real applications. Here we report, for the first time, a novel hydrogen storage MMOs (Sr 2 Co 9 O 14 nanoparticles) potential for physical hydrogen sorption, containing a redox species. This polycrystalline nanoparticle is prepared via a combustion method in the presence of various fuels like glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose, and maltose. The glucose supports the pure and homogenous formation of Sr 2 Co 9 O 14 nanoparticles consisting the particles less than 100 nm. Interestingly, a maximum discharge capacity of around 950 mA h/g at room temperature has recorded; emphasizing Sr 2 Co 9 O 14 nanoparticles is a potential substrate for hydrogen storage. • Auto-combustion utilize for production of Sr 2 Co 9 O 14 nanostructures. • Variation of reducing agents foster particles formation. • Polycrystalline Sr 2 Co 9 O 14 nanostructures well growth in glucose. • A mixed conductive matrix, and crystalline texture support hydrogen storage ability. • Presence of redox species in structure enhance hydrogen discharge properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strontium phosphate glasses with varying minor over weight cobalt oxide were prepared and investigated by impedance spectroscopy. The ac conductivity was measured for all samples in the range of frequencies from 0.1 Hz to 20 MHz at different temperatures. It was found that the ac conductivity showed an increasing behavior with increasing both the temperature and frequency at fixed glass composition. On the other hand, the real and imaginary parts of dielectric constant and dissipation factor tangent showed a decreasing trend with increasing frequency for all prepared samples. In addition, frequency exponent is observed to decrease with increasing temperature, where 0.5 < s ≤ 1. Based on the obtained data correlated barrier hopping (CBH) can be considered as the suitable conduction mechanism in the investigated glasses. Ac conductivity was identified to decrease with increasing doping (CoO) concentration. • Strontium phosphate glasses doped with minor amount of cobalt oxide were prepared. • Prepared samples were studied using dielectric impedance spectroscopy. • Frequency exponent (s) is observed to decrease with increasing temperature. • Correlated barrier hopping (CBH) considered as the suitable mechanism of conduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A red-emitting Eu3+-activated double perovskite Sr 3 MoO 6 phosphor material was successfully synthesized by a high-temperature solid-state reaction. Upon 353 and 467 nm excitations, the prepared phosphors exhibited the feature emission properties of Eu3+ ions with the corresponding characteristic electronic transitions. The concentration quenching of Eu3+ ions was found at 30 mol% and the quadrupole-quadrupole interaction was dominant in quenching process. The chromaticity coordinates for the optimal doping concentration of Eu3+ ions under the 353 and 467 nm excitations were in the pure red region, while the color purity was calculated to be about 94.536 and 94.780%, respectively. The superior luminescence properties of the red-emitting Sr 3 MoO 6 :0.3Eu3+ phosphor were achieved and with further blending with commercial phosphors, the white light-emitting diode (WLED) devices were fabricated for practical application. The fabricated WLED device based on 385 nm near-ultraviolet (NUV) chip revealed the color-rendering index and color temperature values of 90.96 and 6381 K, respectively. And the soft polydimethylsiloxane film emitted the pure red region under NUV light. These results suggest that this kind of material could be a promising red-emitting phosphor for WLEDs and flexible display film. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method of the oxygen isotope exchange with equilibration of the gas phase was used in order to obtain the temperature dependences of the oxygen surface exchange and diffusion coefficients of the proton-conducting oxides La 1– x Sr x ScO 3–δ (x = 0; 0.04; 0.09) in the temperature range of 600–900 °C and oxygen pressure of 1.01 kPa. The diffusion and oxygen surface exchange coefficients increase with the strontium content in oxides. The rates of the individual stages of the oxygen exchange process on the surface of the oxides were determined. The oxygen incorporation was revealed to be rate-determining for the undoped LaScO 3 oxide. However, for the strontium-doped oxides La 1– x Sr x ScO 3–δ (x = 0.04; 0.09), the difference between the rates of oxygen dissociative adsorption and oxygen incorporation decreases with increasing the strontium concentration, in a way that for the La 0.91 Sr 0.09 ScO 3−δ oxide these stages become competing. The possible reasons for these differences in oxygen surface exchange kinetics were analyzed in this paper. Using the obtained oxygen diffusion coefficients, the oxygen-ionic conductivities in accordance with the Nernst-Einstein equation, and the contributions of the oxygen-ion and proton components of the total conductivity of the La 1– x Sr x ScO 3–δ (x = 0.04; 0.09) oxides in the wet reducing atmosphere (p H 2 O = 2.35 kPa, p O 2 = 10−15 Pa) were calculated. The proton transference numbers were found to be close to unit at the wet reducing atmospheres in the temperature range of 500–600°С. • The oxygen surface exchange rates are measured in La 1− x Sr x ScO 3−δ oxides. • The oxygen diffusion coefficients are measured in La 1− x Sr x ScO 3−δ oxides. • The proton transference numbers are estimated in La 1− x Sr x ScO 3−δ oxides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• VUV spectroscopic properties and emission decay dynamics. • Luminescence from two crystallographic sites can be identified. • Excellent thermally stable phosphor based on Sr 9 Lu(PO 4) 7 :Ce3+. Ce3+-doped Sr 9 Lu(PO 4) 7 polycrystalline material has been synthesized using a solid state reaction at high temperature. Luminescence spectroscopic properties and emission decay kinetics have been studied upon UV-VUV excitation. Emission from Ce3+ ions located in two types of crystallographic sites has been identified in low-temperature spectra. Ce3+ ions have been shown to prefer occupying Sr2+ sites rather than Lu3+ sites. The temperature-dependent decay curves of Ce3+ 5d→4f emission demonstrate an excellent luminescence thermal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Strontium doping enhances NO x storage and reduction performance of bulk LaCoO 3. • 30% is the optimum strontium doping degree for bulk perovskites, La 0.7 Sr 0.3 CoO 3. • A more efficient use of the perovskite can be achieved by supporting it over Al 2 O 3. • Perovskite loading around 30% over Al 2 O 3 maximizes its utilization. • NSR performance was better for Al 2 O 3 supported perovskites than bulk ones. Here we report the effects of strontium doping of perovskites (La 1-x Sr x CoO 3) on NO x storage and reduction (NSR) as well as the effects of supporting the perovskite onto an alumina support. The NSR capacity of La 0.7 Sr 0.3 CoO 3 improved with strontium doping: this material displayed a good balance between NO oxidation capacity and adsorption sites accessibility. Increased accessibility was mainly due to the strontium oxide segregates. In addition, different loadings of La 0.7 Sr 0.3 CoO 3 perovskite (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%) were impregnated onto alumina in order to increase the exposed surface area of the perovskite. This had the effect of increasing the NSR capacity of the perovskite. The results of X-Ray diffraction, UV–vis–NIR spectroscopy, N 2 adsorption-desorption, electron microscopy, and temperature programmed techniques, demonstrated that the cobalt ions preferably formed cobalt aluminate (CoAl 2 O 4) in the case of low perovskite loadings (<20%). Meanwhile, a well-developed perovskite phase was observed with the higher loadings (>30%). The specific NO oxidation rate per gram of perovskite increased dramatically with the incorporation onto an alumina support. 30% LSCO/Al 2 O 3 sample had an oxidation rate of 138 μmol min-1 (g LSCO)-1 at 350 °C, more than double the rate of the bulk La 0.7 Sr 0.3 CoO 3 (49 μmol min−1 (g LSCO)−1). Likewise, the 30% LSCO/Al 2 O 3 sample had a higher NO x storage capacity than its bulk counterpart at 400 °C: 306 vs. 115 μmol (g LSCO)−1. The higher oxidation capacity of the alumina-supported samples also facilitated the diffusion of the intermediate compounds from oxidation to adsorption sites. Impregnating alumina with perovskite could be used to improve the efficiency of perovskite mediated NO x removal in automobile applications. Furthermore, adding palladium onto optimum alumina-supported perovskite sample, i.e. 1.5% Pd-30% LSCO/Al 2 O 3 , resulted in a clear improvement in NO x storage and reduction capacity. This last sample demonstrated a nitrogen yield as high as 65%, an improvement over the model Pt-based NSR catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • A simple and effective modification method is developed to modified the 3D rGO/PPY with Sr. • This scaffold holds macropores size and higher surface biological activity. • This scaffold significantly enhances the early adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic ability of MC3T3-E1 cells. Abstract The development of a bone tissue engineering scaffold with a biologically active surface for fast bone cell adhesion, proliferation, and extracellular matrix mineralization has been hotly pursued in recent years. However, most substrate materials do not show enough biological activity. Here, polydopamine-assisted immobilization of strontium (Sr) endows a three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide/polypyrrole (3D rGO/PPY) composite scaffold with higher bioactivity. Compared to the bare 3D rGO/PPY scaffold, 3D rGO/PPY modified with Sr (3D rGO/PPY/PDA/Sr) has a higher surface roughness. Moreover, benefiting from the introduction of Sr, the 3D rGO/PPY/PDA/Sr scaffold can significantly enhance early adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells on the 2nd day of culture. Additionally, ALP activity and extracellular matrix mineralization are distinctly enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface functionalized tri-metallic strontium magnesium ferrite (Sr 0.3 Mg 0.7 Fe 2 O 4 , SMF) nanoparticles were synthesized by using facile solvent less green oleo polyol method. Various analytical techniques (XRD, XPS, FT-IR, TEM, SEM, BET, and VSM) were used for the investigation of the crystal lattice, surface functionalization, morphology, surface area, and magnetic properties of these nanoparticles. SEM and TEM analysis revealed that the nanoparticles exhibit mesoporous morphology with cubic structure. These mesoporous nanoparticles have been exploited for the removal of toxic organic pollutant (Congo red, CR) from the aqueous solution. Detailed investigations on the adsorption of CR dye by these nanoparticles have been conducted via the rate kinetics study using various adsorption isotherms (Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, etc.). These studies revealed that the mesoporous SMF nanoparticles with the high surface area (21.85 m2g−1), have exhibited superior adsorption capacity (>90% within 30 min) and fast separation ability under the influence of external magnetic field along with good recyclability (∼93%). The adsorption analysis of magnetic SMF revealed pseudo-second order dye removal kinetics and follow Freundlich isotherms. These properties of magnetic SMF nanocubes provide an extra edge over other such reported systems and may find its potential as a cost-effective magnetic adsorbent for water treatment application. Image 1 • Cost-effective oleo polyol method have been used to synthesize Sr 0.3 Mg 0.7 Fe 2 O 4 nanoparticles. • SEM and TEM confirms the formation of mesoporous morphology with cubic structure. • These nanoparticles exhibited excellent magnetic properties with a high surface area. • They displayed excellent dye absorption capacity (∼ 90% within 30 min). • Fast removal of toxic dye (Congo red) make their potential in water treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract We have reported the synthesis of core-shell nanostructure of mesoporous silica coated lanthanum strontium manganese oxide nanoparticles (MSLN) as a potential candidate for cancer treatment via magnetic hyperthermia. N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherm revealed that mesoporous silica shell coating increased the surface area and pore volume of lanthanum strontium manganese oxide nanoparticles (LSMO). In comparison to LSMO, MSLN showed a stable colloidal dispersion up to 48 h. In-vitro studies using A549 cells demonstrated increased biocompatibility in MSLN as compared to LSMO. Moreover, cells treated with MSLN exhibited high cell survival rate of up to 1 mg/ml concentration. Further, we used different parameters to modulate the heating efficacies of these nanoparticles. The modulation of specific absorption rates (SAR) with different sample concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.0 mg/ml) were studied under four different alternating current magnetic field (AMF) amplitudes (10, 11, 12, 13 kA/m) at a constant frequency of 335 KHz for magnetic hyperthermia experiments. Under the application of AMF, MSLN exhibited faster Néel and Brownian relaxation compared to their LSMO counterparts. SAR value of 295 W/g and intrinsic loss power (ILP) of 5.22 nHm2/kg, at a low sample concentration of MSLN (0.5 mg/ml) were obtained, which was within the clinical limit. Interestingly, our results showed 45% improvement in terms of the heating efficiency over the commercially available products (Table 3). Hence, we conclude that MSLN with high SAR and ILP values, good colloidal dispersion ability and low cytotoxicity could be a potential candidate for magnetic hyperthermia therapy in cancer and warrant further testing in both in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Further, due to their mesoporous nature, MSLN could be considered for target-specific drug delivery applications in clinical therapy. Highlights • Mesoporous silica-coated lanthanum strontium manganese oxide nanoparticles (MSLN) were synthesized. • Structural parameters of lanthanum strontium manganese oxide (LSMO) were calculated using Rietveld refinement software. • MSLN showed a larger surface area and pore volume as compared to LSMO. • MSLN exhibited better colloidal dispersion and enhanced biocompatibility than LSMO nanoparticles. • MSLN showed high specific absorption rate (SAR; 295W/g) as well as high intrinsic loss power (ILP; 5.22 nHm2kg−1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Surface chemistry and topography can determinatively affect the osseointegration of dental implants. Strontium (Sr) has a significant effect on the promotion of bone formation and inhibitation of bone resorption. The emphasis of this study lies on the evaluation of a new surface treatment that aims to improve the early osseointegration of dental implantation both in vitro and in vivo. A hydrothermal method was used to prepare an SrTiO 3 incorporation on sandblasted large-grit double acid-etched (SLA) titanium surfaces in SrCl 2 solution. The composition and morphology of the SrTiO 3 doped surface were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy，and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the external release figure of Sr was examined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The proliferation, adhesion and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells on this surface were evaluated in vitro and presented a significant increase in SLA-Sr group compared with that in SLA group. An in vivo study in 24 New Zealand rabbits indicated a remarkable growth in the volume of direct bone-to-implant contact and peri-implant bone in SLA-Sr group, which were compared with SLA group after 3 and 6 weeks, and removal torque tests exhibited a higher torque removal value of SLA-Sr implants. The study gave the result that the biological effect of SLA-Sr implants was significantly superior to that of the SLA implants at the early stage of osseointegration. Highlights • SrTiO 3 was incorporated on sandblasted large-grit double acid-etched (SLA) titanium surfaces by hydrothermal method. • SrTiO 3 incorporated SLA surface promoted the bone formation in vitro and in vivo, especially at the early stage of osseointegration. • The work will have a remarkably clinical potential and take a step forward in respect to the current clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Stoichiometric 0.5 BaO·0.5 SrO·2 ZnO·2 SiO 2 glass was doped with 5 mol% Nb 2 O 5 or Ta 2 O 5. The effect of these additives on the crystallization behavior was studied using thermal analyses, X-ray diffraction, as well as scanning electron microscopy including elemental analyses. The addition of Nb 2 O 5 or Ta 2 O 5 significantly increases the glass stability enabling the preparation of crystal-free BaO·SrO·ZnO·SiO 2 glasses with almost stoichiometric composition. Besides the desired main crystal phase Ba 1-x Sr x Zn 2 Si 2 O 7 , also alkaline earth tantalates and niobates as well as Zn 2 SiO 4 are observed. The Nb-containing glass shows solely surface crystallization, whereas in the Ta-containing glass, additionally numerous barium tantalate crystals precipitate in the bulk acting as seeds for the nucleation of Ba 1-x Sr x Zn 2 Si 2 O 7. If the surface crystallized layer of Ba 1-x Sr x Zn 2 Si 2 O 7 approaches such a barium tantalate crystal or gets close to it, then the crystallization of Ba 1-x Sr x Zn 2 Si 2 O 7 is initiated. It is supposed that these nucleation processes are notably facilitated by the stresses present in these glass-ceramics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]