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• Our framework includes stigma, intersectionality, identify affirmation and life course trajectory. • Social determinants of health contribute to SGD health disparities. • Nurse scientists can eradicate health disparities and improve health equity among SGD populations. • Nurses can infuse curricula and clinical training with SGD-related health information. There is a need to increase health equity in sexual and gender diverse (SGD) populations, a medically underserved group with widening health disparities. To better understand and address SGD health disparities, we have developed a multi-level conceptual framework for nurse scientists that incorporates the concepts of stigma, intersectionality, identify affirmation, and life course trajectory. Social determinants of health formed the background of our conceptual framework. Using this framework, we proposed recommendations to promote SGD health equity through nursing research, health care practice, health care education, and public health care policy. These recommendations align with the National Institute of Nursing Research's goals of dismantling structures that perpetuate racism and impede health inequity and the need to implement interventions that address social determinants of health. As a result, nurse scientists are poised to influence health care policy by translating effective interventions to reduce health disparities for the SGD population into practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this concept analysis article, we will clarify the concept "self-management of cancer pain" by identifying related antecedents, attributes, and consequences to further refine the conceptual and operational definitions of the concept. A review was conducted. The Walker and Avant method was used for this concept analysis. CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycInfo were searched systemically.A total of eight studies on "self-management of cancer pain or self-care of cancer pain" published between 2004 and 2019 were identified. Attributes for self-management of cancer pain include self-efficacy, integration of methods for pain relief into daily life, decision-making related to pain management, process for solving pain-related issues, and initiation of interactions with healthcare professionals. Antecedents include knowledge regarding pain assessment and management, cognitive abilities, motivation, undergoing pain treatment, patient education and counseling, social support, and accountability from all parties involved. Consequences include pain control, improved quality of life, and increased opioid intake. Self-management of cancer pain was reported to be a self-regulation process with the aim to encourage patients to use skills attained through development of self-efficacy, so they can actively participate in their pain management. This outcome may enhance their quality of life by decreasing their pain, depression, and anxiety and increasing the availability of social support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diversity of the fungal community associated with adults of Dryocosmus kuriphilus following emergence was examined using HTS analysis. Ascomycota dominated the fungal core-biome community. The functional guilds of the 90 taxa forming the core-biome were assessed, demonstrating three main groups: saprotrophs, plant pathogens and entomopathogens. Twenty-nine OTUs out of 90 were resolved to species level identifying 26 different fungal species. Among these species, many were cosmopolitan or previously recorded in Europe. Ten taxa were previously recorded on chestnut, including some recognized plant pathogens associated with foliage and green tissues such as Epicoccum nigrum , Gnomoniopsis castanea , Colletotrichum acutatum , Stromatoseptoria castaneicola , Ramularia endophylla. Beauveria bassiana ; within the core microbiome, Fusarium larvarum represented the most abundant entomopathogenic species. Some of these species are known to impact directly or indirectly the vitality of the insects in the galls. The chestnut blight pathogen, Cryphonectria parasitica , was never found associated with D. kuriphilus. Based on the present study, an active role for D. kuriphilus as a vector of chestnut fungal endophyte/pathogens cannot be demonstrated but neither ruled out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 2015–2016 growing seasons, two novel symptoms were assessed on the crown of trees in orchards and coppices of chestnut groves in Central Italy. The first symptom was flagging of annual shoots with green leaves undergoing sudden wilt and turning brown later in the season. The second symptom consisted of leaves on annual shoots turning yellow before wilting in absence of flagging represented the second symptom. Samples were collected along transects in early summer, late summer and winter, and processed in the laboratory. The flagging symptom was associated in early summer with the presence of C. parasitica in cryptic dried buds on stems from the previous year's growth. The pathogen was also found in dormant buds in winter, suggesting that the infection could take place in summer during the Chinese gall wasp oviposition period. Cryphonectria parasitica was also isolated from abandoned galls in winter supporting the hypothesis that galls are a potential source of inoculum for crown infections. Aetiology of yellowing was not clarified and no fungal taxa were specifically associated with this symptom. Gnomoniopsis castanea , C. parasitica and, in early summer, Colletotrichum acutatum were the most abundant fungal taxa isolated from chestnut shoots and buds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caregiver burden is a term used to describe the strain endured by the family member who is providing care for a patient and does not have formal training to do so. Caregiver burden is associated with a lack of self-efficacy, a decrease in the caregiver's quality of life, and high levels of anxiety and depression, that can worsen over time, impacting the well-being of the dyad. Due to the dynamic nature of caregiver burden, the precise understanding of this condition in relation to advanced stage cancer patients has not been fully conceptualized. Clarity of the nature of caregiver burden guides researchers, policy makers, and providers with a better understanding of what is needed to detect who the caregivers are and who is at most risk for severe caregiver burden. An electronic search of the literature using PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases informed the analysis. Quantitative and qualitative studies related to caregiver burden of the cancer patient, published in English between 2000 and 2021 were used. Of the over 20,000 articles initially identified, 19 ultimately met the inclusion criteria. Analysis identified the defining attributes of caregiver burden of the advanced stage cancer patient as: (1) decreased self-efficacy, (2) decreased quality of life, (3) increased anxiety, (4) increased depression, (5) and time sensitivity. Antecedents were identified as predictors of negative outcomes without intervention. Consequences were highlighted for those who are not supported. Caregiver burden impacts more than 2.8 million informal caregivers in the United States, who are providing complex care to patients with cancer without proper preparation. The conceptual understanding of caregiver burden guides the design of specific interventions to identify and prepare the caregiver for their critical role. • An in-depth definition of caregiver burden in caregivers of patients with advanced stage cancer has been developed. • Possible predictive strategies to use in determining who is most vulnerable to caregiver burden. • A conceptual basis upon which interventional research studies can be conducted to support the caregiver of the cancer patient. • This analysis recommends re-assessment of the caregiver at each patient touchpoint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The apparent molal volumes and compressibilities of Tris and Tris–HCl have been determined in water (5–45 °C) and 0.725 m NaCl (5–25 °C). The changes in the volume (Δ V ) and compressibility (Δ κ ) for the dissociation of Tris–H + Tris - H + = Tris + H + as functions of temperature in water and 0.725 m NaCl have been determined from these measurements. The values of Δ V and Δ κ have been used to determine the effect of pressure on the dissociation constant for Tris–H + ( K P / K 0 ). ln ( K P / K 0 ) = - ∆ V / ( R T ) P + 0 .5∆ k / ( R T ) P 2 These results will be useful in the calibration of pH systems making in-situ measurements at high pressure in seawater. In 0.725 m NaCl at 5 °C and a pressure of 2000 bar, the dissociation constant is reduced by 29%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nonlinear methods have been applied to the analysis of biological signals. Complexity analysis of glucose time series may be a useful tool for the study of the initial phases of glucoregulatory dysfunction. This observational, cross-sectional study was performed in patients with essential hypertension. Glucose complexity was measured with detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), and glucose variability was measured by the mean amplitudes of glycemic excursion (MAGE). We included 91 patients with a mean age of 59 ± 10 years. We found significant correlations for the number of metabolic syndrome (MS)-defining criteria with DFA ( r = 0.233, P = .026) and MAGE ( r = 0.396, P < .0001). DFA differed significantly between patients who complied with MS and those who did not (1.44 vs. 1.39, P = .018). The MAGE ( f = 5.3, P = .006), diastolic blood pressures ( f = 4.1, P = .018), and homeostasis model assessment indices ( f = 4.2, P = .018) differed between the DFA tertiles. Multivariate analysis revealed that the only independent determinants of the DFA values were MAGE (β coefficient = 0.002, 95% confidence interval: 0.001–0.004, P = .001) and abdominal circumference (β coefficient = 0.002, 95% confidence interval: 0.000015–0.004, P = .048). In our population, DFA was associated with MS and a number of MS criteria. Complexity analysis seemed to be capable of detecting differences in variables that are arguably related to the risk of the development of type 2 diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper presents a reliability-based analysis for calculating critical tool life in machining processes. It is possible to determine the running time for each tool involved in the process by obtaining the operations sequence for the machining procedure. Usually, the reliability of an operation depends on three independent factors: operator, machine-tool and cutting tool. The reliability of a part manufacturing process is mainly determined by the cutting time for each job and by the sequence of operations, defined by the series configuration. An algorithm is presented to define when the cutting tool must be changed. The proposed algorithm is used to evaluate the reliability of a manufacturing process composed of turning and drilling operations. The reliability of the turning operation is modeled based on data presented in the literature, and from experimental results, a statistical distribution of drilling tool wear was defined, and the reliability of the drilling process was modeled. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Treatment of head and neck cancers is often associated with temporary or permanent speech impairments, limiting patients'' ability to self-report critical information during the acute care hospitalization period after surgery. Eleven patients unable to speak after head and neck cancer surgery, eight family caregivers, and eight RNs were included in this descriptive pilot study. All participants completed a researcher-developed 5-item survey (from their perspectives) consisting of questions that explored patients'' difficulty in communicating, difficult topics to communicate, and individuals with whom patients had difficulty communicating. Study findings emphasized the importance that patients, family caregivers, and nurse assign to the communication of symptoms experienced during the acute postoperative period. In addition, the RN was identified as the health care team member with whom patients had the most communication difficulties. Findings support the participation of patients, family caregivers, and nurses in the selection and implementation of interventions that enhance communication after surgery. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Partnering with promotoras to implement a healthy lifestyle intervention has proven efficacious in reaching community members whom they serve. However, there are no clearly defined guidelines for implementing promotora training, especially when it involves developing mindfulness skills in promotoras unfamiliar with this concept. This is a report about the facilitators and barriers to training promotoras to implement a mindfulness-enhanced healthy eating and physical activity intervention, ADAPT+ , using the Train-the-Trainer model. Following this model, we laid the foundations for sustained implementation of ADAPT+ even after the training process. Future studies may examine how these guidelines help map promotora training in other mindfulness-related interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]