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Idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins is an extremely rare non-thrombotic mesenteric veno-occlusive disease. The management of idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins is not well-established, and although surgery is the mainstay of treatment, the optimal operation remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to perform a systematic review to assess the various surgical procedures and associated outcomes for patients with idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins. A systematic search for articles published from 1946 to April 2022 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cinahl, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases is reported. In addition, we report 4 cases of idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins managed at our institution until March 2023. A total of 53 studies and 88 patients with idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins were included. Most (82%) were male patients, with a mean age of 56.6 years old. The majority (99%) of patients required surgery. Most reports described the involvement of the rectum and sigmoid colon (81%). The most common surgical procedures were Hartmann's procedure (24%) and segmental colectomy (19%); completion proctectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis was performed in 3 (3.4%) cases. In 6 (6.8%) cases, idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins was suspected preoperatively and managed with elective surgery. Four (4.5%) complications were reported. Nearly all (99%) patients achieved remission with surgical intervention. Idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins is a rare pathologic entity infrequently suspected preoperatively and typically diagnosed after surgical resection. Surgical resection with Hartmann's procedure or segmental colectomy was most commonly performed, with completion proctectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis reserved for cases of extensive rectal involvement. Surgical resection was safe and effective, with a low risk of complications and recurrence. Surgical decision-making should be based on the extent of the disease at the time of presentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Results of the particle flux studies using sediment traps in the northeast Atlantic Ocean at 33 Degree N between summer 1993 and summer 2001 are presented. The results suggest that the interannual differences in the observed particle flux are a direct consequence of the variability of phytoplankton biomass and primary production in the euphotic zone in this region.

Previously, a mean cost of $62.00 (median: $21.00) for ePPx with enoxaparin following gynecologic-oncology surgery was reported.[5] Our finding of a $10.00 overall median cost was similar and further demonstrates that ePPx with enoxaparin is available at a reasonable cost to the majority of patients. Defining Copay and Out-of-Pocket Costs of Extended Venous Thromboembolism Chemoprophylaxis After Colorectal Surgery 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001650 5 Cain K, Schmeler KM, Langley G. Patient cost associated with filling a prescription for extended-duration venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis following surgery for gynecologic cancer. [Extracted from the article]

Spontaneous gastric perforation of the neonate is a rare phenomenon with a high risk of mortality. Despite an uncertain etiology, an association with prematurity and low-birth weight has been demonstrated. Prompt surgical repair and intensive care remain imperative to survival. A premature, low-birth weight male was born at 32 weeks and admitted to the NICU for respiratory distress syndrome. Forty-eight hours after birth he developed abdominal distention and an abdominal radiograph demonstrated pneumoperitoneum. Antibiotics were initiated and he was taken for emergent operative exploration. A 3 cm longitudinal perforation was identified in the greater curvature of the stomach. A two-layered repair was performed and a protective Stamm gastrostomy created. On postoperative day 10, an upper gastrointestinal contrast study demonstrated no evidence of leakage. After sustained clinical improvement, the initiation of oral feeding, and continued weight gain, the neonate was successfully discharged home. The etiology of spontaneous gastric perforation remains a debate with several proposed mechanisms. In most cases, the neonate will present with abdominal distention and emesis. Although presentation and evidence of pneumoperitoneum on abdominal radiograph are suspicious for this pathology, definitive diagnosis is confirmed during operative exploration. Dedicated intensive care and prompt surgical repair are paramount to survival. Despite decreasing mortality rates, premature and low-birth weight neonates continue to have the lowest rates of survival. We present a rare case of a premature, low-birth weight neonate who developed spontaneous gastric perforation and was successfully rescued using a coordinated multidisciplinary approach enabling prompt diagnosis and surgical repair. • Spontaneous gastric perforation is likely multifactorial in etiology due to numerous mechanisms. • Gastrorrhaphy provides adequate repair of the perforation; protective gastrostomy should be strongly considered. • Survival is reliant on dynamic intensive care and prompt surgical repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Embryo cryopreservation offers many benefits by allowing genetic preservation, genetic screening, cost reduction, global embryo transport and single embryo transfer. However, freezing of embryos decreases embryo viability, as intracellular ice crystal formation often damages embryos. Success rates of frozen embryo transfer are expected to be 15–20% less than fresh embryo transfer. We have developed a noninvasive embryo assessment technique (NEAT) which enables us to predict embryo viability based on buoyancy. The purpose of this research was twofold. First was to determine if a NEAT, through a specific gravity device can detect embryo survival of cryopreservation. Second, it was to relate embryo buoyancy to embryo viability for establishing pregnancies in sheep. Blastocysts descent times were measured on one-hundred sixty-nine mice blastocysts before cryopreservation, according to standard protocol and post-thawing blastocysts descent times were measured again. There was a significant difference in blastocyst post-thaw descent times with NEAT in those blastocysts which demonstrated viability from those that did not (P < 0.05). This suggests NEAT is successful in determining blastocysts viability in cryopreserved mice blastocysts. At a commercial ovine facility, NEAT was performed on fourteen frozen and thawed ovine blastocysts. Blastocysts of similar descent times were paired and transferred into recipient ewes as twins. Pregnancy was later confirmed by blood test and multiple gestation outcomes were determined at lambing. Six of seven recipient ewes were pregnant and all pregnant ewes delivered lambs without complication. Four ewes delivered twin lambs and two ewes delivered singletons, which totals ten of the fourteen (71%) blastocysts surviving to term. This pregnancy rate is comparable to expected to pregnancy rates in a commercial setting. The blastocysts which did not establish pregnancy demonstrated less buoyancy versus those blastocysts which established pregnancies which survived to term (P < 0.05). These results suggest NEAT can identify which blastocysts survive cryopreservation, thus significantly reduce the transfer of non-viable embryos. Further studies on a larger scale commercial setting will evaluate the efficacy of NEAT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several studies have evaluated the effects of excessive heat stress on chromatin damage; however, DNA damage due to ambient seasonal heat stress has yet to be evaluated. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of natural heat stress on equine sperm chromatin structure by means of two tests: the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) and Sperm-Halomax kit (Halo). Stallion semen samples were collected after a period of excessive heat load (31.05°C) and were compared with samples collected at lower ambient temperatures (14.26°C) to evaluate chromatin damage caused by ambient heat stress produced in the testes. The data indicate that there is no correlation between the SCSA and Halo assays ( r = 0.18 and F = 0.48). Additionally, no correlation for ambient heat stress was observed for any of the applied techniques—SCSA, Halo, and live:dead staining ( P = .2682, .4628, and .0377, respectively). These results suggest that ambient heat load has little effect on stallion chromatin damage. Other elements, such as relative humidity and heat index, were outside the realm of this study and should be assessed in future studies with a larger sample size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Cyathostome resistance to the benzimidazole fenbendazole (FBZ) and other anthelmintic medication has been documented worldwide. Parasite resistance to anthelmintic medication is of great concern to the anthelmintic industry and to horse owners. The present study examines the efficacy of FBZ anthelmintic treatments in horse herds from ranches in four different geographical locations within Texas. In addition, the load reduction method was compared with the traditional fecal egg count reduction test to determine the incidence of parasite resistance to FBZ. Four ranches in different areas of Texas were surveyed to determine cyathostome resistance to FBZ. Two of the four ranches had young (aged ≤2 years) and older animals (aged >2 years). The number of animals with parasites varied widely between the study''s locations. Differences were observed in both the fecal egg count reduction test and load reduction method across the four study sites (P < .001). Cyathostome resistance to FBZ seemed to be prevalent in three of the four ranches, whereas FBZ was highly efficacious against cyathostomes on one ranche. There was a trend toward increased parasite resistance in the younger animals (P = .081). These results show the importance of testing anthelmintic medication effectiveness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

For years now, the German Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and the Professional Association of German Anaesthesiologists have been actively involved in efforts to improve patient safety. To this end, a whole range of activities have been initiated in recent years and, since February 2011, collected together on our home page ‘PATSI’ (www.patientensicherheit-ains.de). Further, the implementation of syringe labelling (ISO 26825) with additional information on drugs frequently used in intensive care was carried out. Under the item Helsinki Declaration, all decisions and recommendations so far worked out by our speciality have, in structured form, been assigned to individual points and saved as PDF files. This has made it possible for every anaesthesiological department in Germany to integrate all the relevant instructions and conditions of the Helsinki Declaration into their own individual work structures. These systematic solutions represent a major contribution towards reducing the possibility of errors at the workplace. We are certainly still in the early stages of our efforts to achieve a nationwide integration of a cultural change in the way we deal with mistakes in medicine. We have incorporated the item ‘learning from mistakes’ in our project ‘critical incident reporting system for anaesthesia, intensive care medicine, emergency care, and pain therapy, CIRS-AINS’, and have brought out a range of relevant illustrative publications. Accepting these ‘mistakes’ as an opportunity to critically examine ourselves and our work with a view to learning from them and further improving our speciality service is, we believe, a great challenge for future developments in anaesthesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to ascertain whether vaginal preparation with povidone-iodine before Cesarean delivery would reduce the incidence of post-Cesarean related infection. Participants were randomized to vaginal preparation with either povidone-iodine (n = 80) or saline (n = 80). Post-cesarean related infections included 1) endometritis, defined as fever of >100.4°F on two separate occasions, 6 hours apart, >24 hours postoperatively or >101°F at any time with abdominal/uterine tenderness or 2) cellulitis, defined as advancing erythema around the incision. We calculated overall rates of post-cesarean related infection, relative risk, and 95% confidence intervals for the effect of vaginal preparation. As designed and reported, the trial had at least an 85% power to detect a 30% or greater absolute difference in rates of overall infection (two tailed, α = 0.05). There was no significant difference among group demographics (maternal age, parity, anesthesia, labor before current cesarean delivery, number of vaginal examinations during labor, prophylactic antibiotic use, or gestational age at delivery). The post-cesarean endometritis rate was (9.4%). The post-cesarean cellulitis rate was (6.8%). Vaginal preparation with povidone-iodine before Cesarean delivery reduced the rate of post-cesarean endometritis (P < .04). The rates of post-cesarean cellulitis between the two groups were similar (P = .12). In our study, vaginal preparation with povidone-iodine before cesarean delivery significantly reduced the incidence of post-cesarean endometritis but not of cellulitis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract In this study, we present dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration data collected during an observational program conducted in the central Baltic Sea, six months after a Major Baltic Inflow (MBI) event from December 2014 has ended a long period of stagnation. The main working area was the Eastern Gotland Basin (EGB). The spatial distribution of DO was obtained by two ship based CTD-systems (classical CTD probe, towed undulating CTD probe) and by using a glider (Slocum), while the temporal variability of DO concentrations was revealed by a profiling mooring (GODESS - Gotland Deep Environmental Sampling Station). In this paper, we compare the performance of all platforms used and show that integrating modern oceanographic tools into an existing observation network can help to enhance the capability of the network to capture the spatiotemporal variability of DO in the Baltic Sea on both a large (seasonal; 10–500 km) and a small (diurnal; 1–10 km) scale. It was found that in comparison to a classical standard CTD system, a towed undulating CTD system (ScanFish) is better suited to resolve the meso- and submeso-scale distribution patterns of DO concentrations. In particular, in the sub-halocline layers where the variability of DO concentrations was consistently high (1–70 µM). The highly dynamic post-inflow situation was also observed by the glider and the profiling mooring. For comparison purposes four different sub-halocline layers in a depth range from 80 m to 180 m depth were defined and the mean oxygen content of these layers was calculated for both platforms. It turned out, that the mean DO concentrations for the different layers, which were determined from glider and mooring measurements, differ only slightly from each other. Differences were greatest (up to 7 µM) below the halocline (80–120m) and could be explained by the spatial and temporal variability of DO concentrations in this area and by the large response time of the gliders oxygen optode. However, the temporal development of inflow events could be determined and investigated in more detail by using autonomous platforms. The frequency and size of smaller inflows, for instance, that move along the halocline or in deeper layers thus could be evaluated. Highlights • Spatiotemporal variability of dissolved oxygen in the Baltic Sea was investigated. • Measurements were carried out by multiple observation platforms including a glider. • Performances of all platforms used were compared to improve the observation network. • Mooring observations allowed detection of intrusions moving along the halocline. • ScanFish measurements revealed sub-mesoscale distribution of dissolved oxygen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]