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• Palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve, potent factor for patients feeling abnormal post-operation. • Unusual case compression of palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve (PCBNN) • Anatomy of nerve and explanation of how easily its damaged. • Nerve affected by many factors. • Spotaneous formation of nodules after rupture of the palmaris tendon. We report an unusual case compression of the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve(PCBNN). A 52-year-old woman presenting with previous rupture of the palmaris longus tendon. During surgery, we found that the end of the tendon had formed nodules. After removing the nodules, the PCBMN was released, and half a year later, the abnormal feelings had disappeared. We aim to remind surgeons of this type of compression and to highlight the importance of maintaining vigilance in order to avoid nerve injury. PCBMN needs to be paid more attention and damaged tendons should be repaired. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Lipofibromatous hamartoma (LFH) is a benign tumor of peripheral nerves, most commonly reported in the median nerve, and often associated with carpal tunnel symptoms. There have been nearly 200 reported cases of LFH in the median nerve, but to the authors' knowledge, this 10-year-old girl represents the first case report involving the palmar cutaneous branch. Methods An excisional biopsy of the mass was performed via a standard midline palmar incision. The tumor was found encapsulating the palmar cutaneous branch, and thus it was sacrificed. Results The incision healed without issue, but the patient reported numbness in the palm of her hand as was expected. Conclusion LFH is a benign tumor, although it can cause symptoms due to mass effect. If the diagnosis is uncertain or a patient is symptomatic, excisional biopsy can be performed even if involving a cutaneous nerve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three cutaneous nerves are particularly vulnerable to injury during orthopaedic procedures around the wrist, namely the superficial radial nerve, the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve and the dorsal cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve. These nerves are prone to the development of painful neuromas when injured. In this article, the relevant anatomy and the principles of management of such neuromas are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Volar plating of distal radius fractures using an approach through the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) sheath is commonplace. The palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve (PCB) is considered to run in a position adjacent to, but outside, the ulnar FCR sheath. Anatomic studies have not identified anatomic abnormalities relevant to volar plating. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of anomalous PCB branches entering the FCR sheath during volar plating. Methods This observational study involved 10 attending hand surgeons during a 7-month period (July 2015–January 2016). Surgeons assessed, documented, and reported any PCB anomalies that were encountered during volar plating through a trans-FCR approach. Results There were 182 volar plates applied that made up the study group. There were 10 cases (5.5%) of anomalous PCBs entering the FCR sheath. In 4 cases, the PCB pierced the radial FCR sheath proximally, crossed beneath the tendon, and traveled distally on the ulnar side. In 4 other cases, the PCB entered the FCR sheath proximally on the ulnar or central aspect of the sheath and remained within the sheath, staying along the ulnar or dorsal side of the tendon. In 1 case, the PCB pierced the ulnar distal aspect of the sheath and split into 2 branches. In 1 case, the PCB ran within the sheath along the radial aspect of the FCR. Conclusions Anomalies in the course of the PCB are more common than often considered. These variants are at risk during volar surgical approaches to the wrist that proceed through the FCR sheath. Clinical relevance Although dissecting along the radial side of the FCR sheath may protect the PCB in most cases, care must be taken to identify anomalous branches (if present) and protect them during surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study is to elucidate the significance of electrophysiological data of the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve (PCBm) in the diagnosis entrapment of the PCBm concomitant with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).Materials and Methods: Clinical and electrophysiological studies were conducted for abnormal sensation of the thenar eminence in eight CTS patients. Sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) of the PCBm were recorded from bipolar surface electrodes over the forearm using an orthodromic method. The preoperative SNAP evaluation was compared with the operative findings.Results: The eight patients were divided into two groups based on the characteristics of SNAPs of the PCBm; five patients had normal SNAPs of the PCBm and three patients had delayed or absent SNAPs. Open surgery confirmed entrapment of the PCBm in one patient in the first group and all patients in the latter group.Conclusions: Although clinical symptoms were not always reliable to diagnose entrapment of the PCBm in CTS, electrophysiological study of the PCBm was highly sensitive (75%) and entirely specific (100%) to demonstrate the entrapment of the PCBm preoperatively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We report an unusual anatomical variant of the palmar cutaneous branch (PCB) of the median nerve in a 46-year-old man presenting with recurrent carpal tunnel syndrome. At surgery, after neurolysis, the PCB was visualized arising at the level of the proximal margin of the transverse carpal ligament, mimicking the appearance of the recurrent motor branch. To date, there has been no description of this branch arising at this level. We aim to remind surgeons of this variation and highlight the importance of maintaining vigilance to avoid iatrogenic nerve injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]