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Cross-laminated timber is widely used for load-bearing walls and panels of multi-storey timber buildings as well as for decking structure of pedestrian and road bridges. Design procedure for elements from cross-laminated timber was considered and validated by the experiment and FEM. The design procedure is based on the transformed section method. Eight cross-laminated timber panels with span equal to 1.8 m were experimentally checked under the action of static load. The difference between the experimentally and analytically obtained results is within the limits from 3.3 up to 20%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design methods of cross-laminated timber elements subjected to bending is considered. The methods are based on LVS EN 1995–1–1. The presented methods were checked by the experiment and analytically. Two cross-laminated timber plates with the total thickness of 95 mm were tested under action of static load. The considered cross-laminated timber plates were analysed by FEM method, which is based on the using of computational program ANSYSv14. The comparison of stresses acting in the edge fibres of the plate and the maximum vertical displacements shows that the considered methods can be used for engineering calculations so as the difference between the experimentally and analytically obtained results does not exceed 20%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combined stayed roof with the span equal to 60 m is considered as an object of investigation. The roofs framework is formed by two groups of structural members, which are placed in longitudinal and transversal directions. The frames, which are formed by the trusses and columns, are placed in transversal direction. Structural steel S355 is considered as a materials of all rigid members – pylons, columns and girders. Three variants of materials for suspenders were considered. The dependences of materials consumption and main geometrical parameters of combined stayed roof were obtained for three above mentioned variants of suspender materials were obtained on the base of numerical experiment. The numerical experiment was carried out by the program LYRA 9.4. It was stated, that the rational values of suspenders amount, transversal frames bay and height of pylon are equal to 8, 6 m and 18 m, correspondingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • A numerical method for design of beams and frames with complex topology is proposed. • The method is based on extended multi-scale finite element method. • This finite element technology is validated and tested using beam and frame structures. • By reducing length of extra window, the displacement continuity increases and stress fields are more accurate. Abstract A numerical method for design of beams and frames with complex topology is proposed. The method is based on extended multi-scale finite element method where beam finite elements are used on coarse scale and continuum elements on fine scale. A procedure for calculation of multi-scale base functions, up-scaling and downscaling techniques is proposed by using a modified version of window method that is used in computational homogenization. Coarse scale finite element is embedded into a frame of a material that is representing surrounding structure in a sense of mechanical properties. Results show that this method can capture displacements, shear deformations and local stress-strain gradients with significantly reduced computational time and memory comparing to full scale continuum model. Moreover, this method includes a special hybrid finite elements for precise modelling of structural joints. Hence, the proposed method has a potential application in large scale 2D and 3D structural analysis of non-standard beams and frames where spatial interaction between structural elements is important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]